tru64-unix基本使用课件

1、DIGITAL UNIX 操作系统Create by: powerstatin2002年4月19日Tru 64 UNIX 登录与口令设置Digital UNIX (server) (ttyp0)login: rootPassword:Last login: Tue Jul 4 09:14:44 on consoleDigital UNIX V4.0F (Rev. 1229); Thu Jun 29 16:05:37 CST 2000The installation software has successfully installed your system.There are logfile

2、s that contain a record of your installation.These are: /var/adm/smlogs/install.cdf - configuration description file /var/adm/smlogs/install.log - general log file /var/adm/smlogs/install.FS.log - file system creation logs /var/adm/smlogs/setld.log - log for the setld(8) utility /var/adm/smlogs/fver

3、ify.log - verification log file#Tru 64 UNIX 登录与口令设置 # passwdChanging password for root.New password:Retype new password:Hashed database not in use, only /etc/passwd text file updated.忘记了超级用户如何进入系统首先必须进入单用户模式# mount u / # mount -t advfs usr_domain#usr /usr# passwd小型机系统的启动和关闭P00boot dka0启动系统关闭系统# shut

4、down h now ；此种关机将立即关掉系统，并且回到控制台下# shutdown r now ；立即关掉系统，并且重新启动系统# shutdown +10 system coming down ；系统将在10 分钟后当机， 并且将此信息发给所有用户# halt ；此种关机将立即关掉系统，并且回到控制台下Tru 64 UNIX 常用命令ls ; 列出当前文件或目录的状态 格式: ls -aAbx1 file.|directory. # ls -l -rw-r-r- 1 root system 0 Jun 29 15:19 P_ProdCacheInfo.tmp2-rw-r-r- 1 root

5、 system 0 Jun 29 15:19 P_ProdCacheInfo.tmp3lrwxr-xr-x 1 root system 7 Jun 29 14:01 bin - usr/bindrwxrwxrwx 2 root system 8192 Jun 29 14:59 cdromdrwxrwxrwx 4 root system 8192 Jun 30 12:58 databasedrwxr-xr-x 6 root system 8192 Jul 4 14:53 devdrwxr-xr-x 13 root system 8192 Jul 4 14:53 etc-rwxr-xr-x 1 r

6、oot system 9936144 Feb 25 07:19 genvmunix 权限 文件操作 目录操作r（读，read） 浏览、拷贝和显示文件列目录w（写，write） 更名、删除和修改文件在该目录下创建文件和增删文件x（执行，execute）将文件以命令方式运行搜索目录Tru 64 UNIX 常用命令mkdir ; 建立目录格式: mkdir -m mode -p directory.# mkdir d1 rmdir ; 删除目录格式: rmdir -p directory.# rmdir d1Tru 64 UNIX 常用命令cp ; 拷贝文件格式: cp -fhip - source

7、_file destination_file cp -fhip - source_file . destination_directory cp -fhip -R | -r source_directory . destination_directory# cp file1 file2# cp file1 /d1# cp -r /d1 /d2 rm ; 删除文件或目录格式: rm -efirR file .# rm file1 # rm -i file1# rm -r /d1Tru 64 UNIX 常用命令chmod ; 改变文件权限格式: chmod +-=rwxXstugo file. c

8、hmod absolute_mode file.# ls 1 root system 12039872 Jul 4 17:16 vmunix # chmod u+r vmunix# chmod u+rw vmunix# chmod u+rw, g+rw, o+r vmunix# chmod u-w vmunix# chmod a=rw vmunix# chmod 666 vmunixTru 64 UNIX 常用命令chown ; 改变文件所属用户格式: chown -fhR username:groupname file.# ls-rw-rw-rw- 1 root system 1203987

9、2 Jul 4 17:16 vmunix # chown ren vmunix# ls -l-rw-rw-rw- 1 ren system 12039872 Jul 4 17:16 vmunixTru 64 UNIX 常用命令chgrp ; 改变文件所属用户格式: chgrp -fhR group_name | group_ID file .# ls-rw-rw-rw- 1 ren system 12039872 Jul 4 17:16 vmunix # chown user vmunix# ls -l-rw-rw-rw- 1 ren user 12039872 Jul 4 17:16 vmu

10、nixTru 64 UNIX 常用命令kill ; 停止进程格式: kill -s signal_name pid .kill -s signal_name pid kill -l exit_status# ps -ef|grep telnetroot 614 499 0.0 09:23:47 ? 0:00.10 telnetdroot 757 615 0.0 09:44:46 ttyp0 0:00.01 grep telnet # kill -9 614exit ; 退出登录# exit设置启动文件及工作环境ALPHA UNIX 控制台设置P00showauto_action HALTboo

11、t_dev dkb0.0.0.2.1boot_fileboot_osflags Aboot_reset ONbootdef_dev dkb0.0.0.2.1booted_dev dkb0.0.0.2.1booted_filebooted_osflags Acda0 dka500.5.0.1.1char_set 0com1_baud 9600com1_flow SOFTWAREcom1_modem OFFcom2_baud 9600com2_flow SOFTWARE设置启动文件及工作环境P00show devpolling ncr0 (NCR 53C810) slot 1, bus 0 PCI

12、, hose 1 ? SCSI Bus ID 7dka500.5.0.1.1 DKA500 RRD45 0436mka600.6.0.1.1 MKA600 EXABYTE EXB-4200c 217polling isp0 (QLogic ISP1020) slot 0, bus 2 PCI, hose 1 SCSI Bus ID 7dkb0.0.0.2000.1 DKB0 RZ29B 0016dkb100.1.0.2000.1 DKB100 RZ29B 0016polling floppy0 (FLOPPY) PCEB - XBUS hose 0dva0.0.0.1000.0 DVA0 RX

13、23polling tulip0 (DE500-BA) slot 3, bus 0 PCI, hose 0ewa0.0.0.3.0 00-00-F8-1B-26-36 Twisted-Pairpolling tulip1 (DE500-BA) slot 5, bus 0 PCI, hose 0ewb0.0.0.5.0 00-00-F8-1B-1F-7A Twisted-Pair设置启动文件及工作环境P00show config Module Type Rev Name System Motherboard 0 0000 mthrbrd0 Memory 128 MB SYNC 0 0000 me

14、m0 CPU (2MB Cache) 2 0004 cpu0 Bridge (IOD0/IOD1) 600 0031 iod0/iod1 PCI Motherboard 8 0003 saddle0 Bus 0 iod0 (PCI0) Slot Option Name Type Rev Name 1 PCEB 4828086 0005 pceb0 2 S3 Trio64/Trio32 88115333 0000 vga0 3 DE500-BA 191011 0030 tulip0 5 DE500-BA 191011 0030 tulip1 Bus 1 pceb0 (EISA Bridge co

15、nnected to iod0, slot 1) Slot Option Name Type Rev Name Bus 0 iod1 (PCI1) Slot Option Name Type Rev Name 1 NCR 53C810 11000 0002 ncr0 2 PCI-PCI Bridge 11011 0002 pcb0 Bus 2 pcb0 (PCI-PCI Bridge connected to iod1, slot 2) Slot Option Name Type Rev Name 0 QLogic ISP1020 10201077 0002 isp0设置启动文件及工作环境P0

16、0b(boot dkb0.0.0.2000.1 -file vmunix -flags A)block 0 of dkb0.0.0.2000.1 is a valid boot blockreading 16 blocks from dkb0.0.0.2000.1bootstrap code read inbase = 200000, image_start = 0, image_bytes = 2000initializing HWRPB at 2000initializing page table at 1f2000initializing machine statesetting aff

17、inity to the primary CPUconfiguring I/O adapters. ncr0, hose 1, bus 0, slot 1 isp0, hose 1, bus 2, slot 0 floppy0, hose 0, bus 1, slot 0 tulip0, hose 0, bus 0, slot 3 tulip1, hose 0, bus 0, slot 5jumping to bootstrap codeDigital UNIX boot - Thu Feb 24 16:46:05 EST 2000Loading vmunix .操作系统的安装P00b dka

18、500;启动光盘在光盘启动后，系统进入XWINDOW界面选择安装方式Default Custom填写主机名称、系统用户口令选择时区选择硬盘选择软件模块开始安装安装后，系统自动连接内核，形成当前硬件配置的核心硬盘分区(CON.)相关命令：mount格式：/usr/sbin/mount -d -r|-u|-w -o option, . -t notype file-system | directory# mount；列出当前被安装的文件系统root_domain#root on / type advfs (rw)/proc on /proc type procfs (rw)usr_domain#u

19、sr on /usr type advfs (rw)database#oracle on /database type advfs (rw)# mount -r /dev/rz5a /cdrom；安装光盘到 /cdrom 目录# umount /cdrom；卸载光盘vi 的使用命令状态 插入文本命令i;在光标当前位置开始插入,按Esc键结束插入a;在光标当前位置之后开始插入,按Esc键结束插入o; 在光标当前行的下一行插入一新行,按Esc键结束插入O; 在光标当前行的上一行插入一新行,按Esc键结束插入 修改文本命令x;删除光标当前位置的一个字符dw;删除光标当前位置的一个字dd;删除光标所在

20、的当前行ndw;删除从光标当前位置开始的n个字ndd;删除从光标当前行开始的下面n行cw;修改光标当前位置所在的那个字,按Esc键结束修改ncw;修改光标当前位置开始之后的n个字,按Esc键结束修改r;用一个新字符覆盖当前字符R;用输入的新内容覆盖原来的内容 结束编辑:wq;存文件后退出vi:q!;不存文件直接退出vi:x;将当前文件用原名存入,再退出vi:w filename;将当前文件以filename存入增加用户# adduserEnter a login name for the new user (for example, john): renEnter a UID for (ren

21、) 14:Enter a full name for (ren): renEnter a login group for (ren) users:Enter another group that (ren) should be a member of.( only if none):Enter a parent directory for (ren) /usr/users:/usr/users was not found, do you want to create it (y/n)? yThe shells are:/usr/bin/sh /usr/bin/ksh /bin/sh /bin/

22、ksh/usr/bin/csh /usr/bin/posix/sh /bin/csh增加用户# adduserEnter a login shell for (ren) /bin/sh:Adding new user.You must enter a new password for (ren).Changing password for ren.New password:Retype new password:Hashed database not in use, only /etc/passwd text file updated.Finished adding user account

23、for (ren).删除用户# userdel ren相关命令：userdel格式：userdel -r -t type -x extendedOptionsString login删除组相关命令：groupdel格式：groupdel -x extendedOptionsString group# groupdel group1网络的配置相关命令：netsetup# netsetup * MAIN MENU * 1 Configure Network Interfaces 2 Enable/Disable Network Daemons and Add Static Routes 3 Add

24、/Delete Host Information 4 Display Network Configuration 5 ExitEnter the number for your choice: 1网络的配置* CONFIGURE/DELETE NETWORK INTERFACES *You can configure or delete network interfaces. Configuration informationis updated in /etc/rc.config and /etc/hosts. Choose configure or deleteat the prompt.

25、Enter whether you want to (c)onfigure or (d)elete network interfaces.If you are finished, press the RETURN key: cYou want to configure interfaces. Is this correct yes?You will now be asked a series of questions about the system.Default answers are shown in square brackets (). To use adefault answer,

26、 press the RETURN key.This machine contains the following network interfaces: tu0 tu1 sl0Which interface do you want to configure tu0:tu0网络的配置You want to configure tu0. Is this correct yes? yesThe hostname for the system is wkl.Is this correct yes? yesEnter the Internet Protocol (IP) address for int

27、erface tu0in dot notation : 192.1.1.251The IP address for interface tu0 is 192.1.1.251.Is this correct yes? yesSubnetworks allow the systems on a local area network to be on differentphysical networks. For the following question, use the default answerunless the existing local area network is using

28、subnet routing.If the local area network is using subnet routing, you need to knowthe subnet mask.Enter the subnet mask in dot notation 255.255.255.0:255.255.255.0网络的配置The subnet mask for tu0 is 255.255.255.0.Is this correct yes? yesFor the following question USE THE DEFAULT ANSWER unless you would

29、liketo add additional flags (found in the ifconfig reference page) to theifconfig command. Normally, you will USE THE DEFAULT ANSWER.Do you want to use additional ifconfig flags for this interface no?noThe configuration looks like: system hostname: wkl ifconfig tu0 192.1.1.251 netmask 255.255.255.0I

30、s this correct yes? yes网络的配置* UPDATING /etc/rc.config *tu0 is configured in /etc/rc.config* UPDATING /etc/hosts *192.1.1.251 wkl is configured in /etc/hostsDo you want to configure another network interface yes? noEnter whether you want to (c)onfigure or (d)elete network interfaces.If you are finish

31、ed, press the RETURN key:网络的配置 * MAIN MENU * 1 Configure Network Interfaces 2 Enable/Disable Network Daemons and Add Static Routes 3 Add/Delete Host Information 4 Display Network Configuration 5 ExitEnter the number for your choice:5网络的配置To perform additional tasks in setting up the network, see the

32、 NetworkConfiguration reference. For the netsetup modifications to takeeffect, either restart the network services on this system with the followingcommand: /usr/sbin/rcinet restartor reboot this system with the following command: /usr/sbin/shutdown -r nowNOTE: If you are going to use the /usr/sbin/

33、rcinet restart command, warn the users that the network services on this system are going to be restarted. Also, any NFS filesystems not mounted via fstab or automount will not be remounted.Do you want netsetup to automatically restart the networkservices on this system no?yes网络的配置Stopping Internet services on this system. Please wait.kill: 314: no such processUnmounting NFS f