专题五聚焦复合句七大易混点,攻克满分障碍点

1、专题五聚焦复合句七大易混点，攻克满分障碍点高考是选拔性的考试，每个题型总有那么2 3 道小题成为考生成绩优劣的分水岭。无论是在语法填空还是短文改错中，复合句的考查点都是考生失分最严重的，究其原因：一是句意读不懂，二是句式辨不清。本专题针对易混的七组复合句逐一辨清，让考生攻下拉分小题取满分。 重点清障 精准补弱 易混点 (一 )定语从句和并列句1 She has many novels, some of _ are interesting. 分析 whichwhich 引导定语从句， 修饰先行词novels, “some of which”在从句中作主语。2 She has many novel

2、s, and some of _ are interesting. 分析 them此句为 and 引导的并列句。总结 定语从句与并列句的主要区别：句中若有and, but, so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。易混点 (二 )定语从句和状语从句1 We young people should go to the place _ is in need of help. 分析 which/that关系代词which/that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the place”，且在从句中作主语。2 We young people should go _ we re most need

3、ed. 分析 wherewhere 引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。总结 定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。3 I will always remember the days _ I lived with my grandparents in thecountryside. 分析 whenwhen 引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the days”，且在从句中作状语。4 I always remember the days in the countryside _ I see the phot

4、o of mygrandparents. 分析 whenwhen 引导时间状语从句，修饰谓语动词remember。总结 定语从句与时间状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰先行词，状语从句修饰谓语动词。5 This is such an interesting work of art _all of us like. 分析 assuch . as引导定语从句，as在定语从句中作like 的宾语。6 This is such interesting work of art _all of us like it. 分析 thatsuch . that 引

5、导结果状语从句。总结 定语从句与结果状语从句的主要区别：the same . as 与 such . as 引导定语从句，as在从句中充当一定的成分；such/so . that .引导结果状语从句，that 在从句中不作成分。易混点 (三 )定语从句和名词性从句1_ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 分析 Asas 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面这句话的内容。2 _ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the ear

6、th once everymonth. 分析 Itit 作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。3 _ is known to everybody is that moon travels round the earth once everymonth. 分析 Whatwhat 在此引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，而后面 that 引导的从句则是表语从句。4 _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. 分析 Whoeverwhoever 在此引导主语从句。5 Anyone _has helped to save th

7、e drowning girl is worth praising. 分析 whowho 在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。总结 定语从句与主语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，在整个句子中作定语，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；而主语从句， 其作用相当于一个名词，在整个句子中作主语。6 The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children. 分析 that/whichthat/which 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。7 The mother made a promise _ she would buy new toys

8、. 分析 thatthat 引导同位语从句。总结 定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定语从句是形容词性从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词；同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，对前面的名词作进一步解释，同位语从句一般都与抽象名词同位。定语从句的引导词that在从句中充当一定的成分，可作主语、宾语、表语等，作宾语时可以省略；而同位语从句的引导词 that在从句中只起连接作用，不作任何句子成分，且不能省略。8 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to the place _is the center of thetown.

9、分析 whichwhich 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。9 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to _I live. 分析 wherewhere 引导宾语从句。10 Our teacher did all _ he could to help us. 分析 thatthat 引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。11 Our teacher did _ he could to help us. 分析 whatwhat 引导宾语从句。12 I will help those _ are in need of help. 分析 whowho 引导定语

10、从句，并在从句中作主语。13 I will help _ is in need of help. 分析 whoeverwhoever 引导宾语从句。总结 定语从句与宾语从句的区别：定语从句一般有先行词，从句是用来说明、描述先行词的，先行词用关系代词代替，在从句中充当成分( 注意是在从句中作成分，如作宾语、主语等) ；而宾语从句则是整个从句在主句中作宾语，宾语从句就是主句的宾语，简单地说，动词、介词后面的从句基本上是宾语从句。14 She was not _ she used to be. 分析 whatwhat 引导表语从句。15 She was not the woman _ she use

11、d to be. 分析 thatthat 引导定语从句并在从句中作表语。总结 定语从句与表语从句的区别：表语从句是系动词后的句子；而定语从句是跟在一个名词后或句子后，对名词或句子起修饰或补充说明的作用。易混点 (四 )定语从句与固定句型1 It was the time_ Chinese people had a hard life. 分析 whenwhen 引导定语从句并在从句中作状语。2 It is the first time _ she has been in Shanghai. 分析 thatIt is the first /second/third . time that . 是固

12、定句型。易混点 (五 )状语从句与并列句1 _ you take this medicine, you will be all right. 分析 If此处为条件状语从句。2 Take this medicine, _ you will be all right. 分析 and连接两个并列句。易混点 (六 )状语从句和名词性从句1 I ll try my best to help him, no matter _ turns to me for help. 分析 whono matter who 引导让步状语从句。2 I will try my best to help _is in need

13、 of help. 分析 whoeverwhoever 引导后面的宾语从句。3 _turns to me for help is welcome. 分析 WhoeverWhoever 引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。易混点 (七 )状语从句和独立主格结构1 Time_ (permit), we ll go camping. 分析 permitting本句使用的是独立主格结构，其结构为：名词分词。2 _time permits, we ll go camping。 分析 If此处为条件状语从句。 真题集训 全握题点 .单句语法填空1 (2017 国卷全 )Like anything, it is

14、 possible to have too much of both ， _ isnot good for the health.解析： which此处 which 引导非限制性定语从句，which 在从句中作主语，指代前面主句的内容。2 (2017 江高考浙 )Pahlsson screamed _loudly that her daughter came runningfrom the house.解析：so分析句子结构可知， 此处为 so . that .句式，表示 “ 如此 ,以至于 , ”，so 在此处修饰副词loudly。3 (2017 江高考浙 )Pahlsson and her

15、 husband now think the ring probably got sweptinto a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden， _ it remained untilthe carrot s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长 ) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was awonder.解析： where根据句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 “the garden”，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where 引

16、导。4 (2016 全国卷 )But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV showin the mid- 1980s， _ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a specialunit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.解析： when先行词是表示时间的“ the mid- 1980s” ，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填关系副词when。5(2016 国卷全 )Over time

17、 ，_ the population grew, people began cutting foodinto small pieces so it would cook more quickly.解析： as/when句意：慢慢地，随着人口的增加(或：当人口增加时) ，为了使食物熟得更快，人们开始把食物切成小块。根据句意可知，as/ when 引导时间状语从句。6 (2016 国卷全 ) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，_ lived from roughly 551 to 479BC., influence

18、d the development of chopsticks.解析： who分析句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故填who。7 (2015 国卷全 )I d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking thelimestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists inso many Chinese paintings.解析： that/which根据语境和句子结构可知，此句

19、是一个定语从句，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/which。8 (2015 全国卷)As naturalarchitects, the Pueblo Indiansfigured out exactly_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.解析： how分析句子结构可知，此处是一个宾语从句。空格后的thick 为形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填how。9(2015 东高考广 )When harvest came around ，he was already sell

20、ing herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market _ people from the towns met regularly.解析： where根据句子结构可以判断，在这里应填关系词来引导一个定语从句，修饰表地点的先行词“the market ”，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填关系副词where。10(2014 宁高考辽 )Unbelievable! Oh . ，_ you don t mind, I ll stop and take adeep breath.解析： if 第二句句意：噢 , 如果你不介意，我要停下来做一下深呼吸。根据句意可知，应填 if

21、 引导条件状语从句。11 (2014 东高考广 )I didn t understand _ this would happen and my creditcard had already been charged for the reservation.解析： why根据语境可知，“ 我 ” 不知道 /不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why 引导。 .单句改错1 (2017 全国卷 )I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction wasleft.解析： 去掉 much此处是 so .that

22、 .句型，表示 “如此 ,以至于 , ”。so修饰后面的形容词nervous，所以 much 在此处是多余的。2(2017 全国卷 )In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.解析： that whichwhich 可以引导非限制性定语从句，that 不可以。3 (2017 全国卷 )Around me in the picture are the things they were very impo

23、rtant in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.解析： they that/which分析句子结构可知，things 作其后定语从句的先行词，并在从句中作主语，故关系代词为that 或 which。4 (2016 川高考四 )The dishes what I cooked were Mom s favorite.解析： what that/which或去掉 what分析句子结构可知，dishes 后跟的是定语从句， what不能引导定语从句，应用that/which 引导。引导词在定语从句中作cooked 的宾语，可以省略，因此也可以把what 去掉。5 (2015 全国卷 )After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.解析： where that 或去掉 where 这是一个宾语从句，不缺少成分且句