中考专题：动名词

1、中考专题：动名词一定义动名词，就是动词后加ing的形式，即doingsth.它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做动名词”。动名词的否定形式在动名词前加not。二.动名词ing形式的变化规则。.一般在词尾直接加ing。.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音的动词，要双写最后一个字母后加ing。.少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y,再加ing。三作用一）作主语.动名词用作主语，谓语动词用单数。.ReadingFrenchiseasierthanspeakingit.阅读法文比讲法语容易。Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.和他说话等于对牛弹

2、琴。Smokingcancausecancer.吸烟会致癌。Growingrosesisherhobby.种玫瑰是她的爱好。.有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面。Itsniceseeingyouagain.再次见到你太好了。Itwastiringdrivingfrommorningtillnight.从早至 U晚开车很累人。Itsawondermeetingyouhere. 在这里碰到你真是奇迹。Itwasawasteoftimereadingthatbook. 看那本书是浪费时间。.动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词

3、的复合结构（这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语）。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。注意比较下面两个句子的区别与联系：Idont mindsmokinghere.Idontmindhissmokinghere.注意：在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格 来代替，但在句首做主语时不能这样来代替。【例题】翻译句子（需包含动名词相关形式）：介意我用下你的电脑吗？爸爸坚决要求他的儿子上大学。.玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。.他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。.动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多

4、用来表示泛指或抽象动作，一般不与 特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式多用来表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一 起。比较以下句子：Savingmoneyisagoodhabit.Tosavemoneyisnoteasyforme.二）作宾语.下列动词之后只能跟动名词作宾语。完成finish完成finish保持keep承认admit避免avoid禁不住 canthelpbebusy坚持 insiston放弃giveup想要 feellike喜欢enjoy介意mind建议 suggest值得 beworth后悔regret练习 practice考虑consider否认deny想象

5、imagine.介词 before/after/while/without 等后要跟 doing 形式.Heleftwithoutsayingaword.以下以介词结尾的短语后面beafraidof 担心betiredof beafraidof 担心betiredof 厌倦payattentionto 注意;beusedfor 被用于；befondof/bekeenon 喜欢lookforwardto 盼望；beusedto习惯于；preferdoingtodoing 喜欢而不喜欢beinterestedin(haveinterestin)对感兴趣thanksfor 感谢howabout/wh

6、ataboutdoing做什么事情怎么样三）作定语个for个for加动名swimmingpool=apoolforswimming 游泳池 drinkingwater 饮用水waitingroom 候车室 desk写字桌sleepingbag 睡袋sleepingpill 安眠药writingwritingpaper 信纸operatingtable 手术台运动场运动场readingroom 阅览室playinggroundwashingmachine 洗衣机washingpowder 洗衣粉四)作表语Herhobbyispainting.她的爱好是绘画。Herjobwastendingthe

7、sheep. 她的工作是放羊。Themainthingisgettingthereintime.首要的事是及时到达那里。四动名词的习惯用法：. Itisnouse/good/need+doing，做.没用 / 不好 / 没必要Itisnouse/good/needmakinganexcuseforthis.为此找借口是没用的/不好的/没必要的。.havedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing ，做.有困难havefun(in)doing 做很好玩Wehavegreatdifficultyinsolvingtheproblem.我们在解决这一问题时碰到了大难题。

8、3以time为中心的词组后接动名词haveagood/hardtime(in)+doing过得很艰难/玩得很开心spend/wastetimedoing花时间/浪费时间做某事Wehadagoodtimeplayinggamestogether.OnSundayIalwaysspendalotoftimehelpingmymothertodohousework.go+doing:动词go常与一些表示运动或休闲的动名词连用表示进行某项活动。Goboating/sightseeing/shopping/swimming/skating/climbing去划船/ 观光 /购物 /游泳/溜冰 /爬山.动

9、词do常与一些表示室内活动的动名词连用表示进行某项活动Do(some)cooking/cleaning/reading/sewing/shopping/washing做饭/打扫/读书/ 做针线活/购物/洗衣服.在allow，advise，permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时用动名词，如果后面已有名词或代词作宾语，后面就 只能再跟动词做宾语补足语。allow/advise/permitdoingallow/advise/permitsbtodosthWedontallowsmoking/studentstosmokehere.need/want/require后接doing表示某事需要被做”，

10、也可以用不定式的被动结构tobedoneTheflowersneedwatering.Theflowersneedtobewatered.表示“一感(feel)二听(hear,listento) 四看(see,watchookat,notice)”的词。后加省去to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示经常发生的动作或动作的全过程。后加doing形式做宾语补主语，表示动作正在发生。.keep/prevent/stop sb/sthfromdoing阻止某人 /某物做.其中prevent和stop之后的from可以省去，而keep后的不可省。TheGreenGreatWallkeepsthewindfrom

11、blowingawaythesoilandsand.用于“Therebe”结构中。Thereisaboyswimmingintheriver.用于布告形式的省略结构中。禁止吸烟NoSmoking!禁止停车NoParking!五以下动词既可以加不定式，也可以加动名词，但表达的意义不一样.forgettodo忘记去做某事（没有做）forgetdoing忘记做了某事（做了）.remember todo记得要做（没有做）remember doing 记得做过（做了）.stoptodo停下来去做另外一件事stopdoing停止正在做的事4.trytodo尽力做某事trydoing尝试做某事5.meant

12、odo打算做某事meandoing意味着做某事6.like/lovetodo喜欢做某事（一时的选择）like/lovedoing爱好做某事（一向的习惯）7.goon/continuetodo继续去做另一件事goon/continuedoing继续去做同一件事动名词练习题一单项选择。l.Itwasgreatfun apicniconthehill.A.tohave B.having C.have D.had2.Hisfatheragreed$4,000forthecar.A.withpaying B.topaying C.topay D.onpaying3.Todayweusemachines

13、usdomostofourwork.A.tohelp B.help C.helping D.helped4.Shepreferredme there.A.tostay B.wouldstay C.Istay D.stay.Weregoingtohelp thetrees.A.watered B.watering C.towatering D.water.TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfrom theearthaway.A.blow B.toblow C.blowing D.blew 7.isbadforourhealth.A.Doingeyeexercises

14、B.GotobedearlyC.EatingtoomuchD.Takingawalk.WuDongisgoodat English.A.speak B.speaks C.speaking D.Spoke.Mostofthechildrenenjoy computergames.A.play B.playing C.played D.toplay.Whatafineday!Howabout outforawalk?A.goB.togo C.gone D.Going.Marywent aftershefinished herwork.A.swim;doingB.toswim;todoC.toswi

15、m;doingD.swimming;todo.Wouldyoumind thewindow,pleas e?Itscoldoutside.A.toclose B.closing C.closed D.close.Afridgeisusedfor vegetableandfoodcool.A.kept B.keeping C.tokeep D.keeps.Thefarmersonthefarmarebusy applesonthetrees.A.pickingB.topickC.pickD.picked.Whenclassbegan,westopped totheteachercarefully

16、.A.listening B.listenC.listensD.tolistenIusuallyforget thedoor,butIremembered itwhenIleftyesterday.A.closing;closingB.toclose;tocloseC.closing;tocloseD.toclose;closing.Whereismypassport?Iremember ithere.Youshouldnthaveleftithere.Remember itwithyouallthetime.A.toput ； totakeB.putting ； takingC.puttin

17、g ； totakeD.toput ； taking.Afterfinishinghishomeworkhewenton alettertohisparents.A.write B.writingC.wroteD.towriteIttooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish mycar.A.repairing B.repair C.torepair D.repaired.Jacksaidthathewouldntmind forus.A.towait B.wait C.waiting D.waited.Mybrotherkeeps mewithmywork.A.tohelp B.help C.helping D.helped.Weshouldoftenpractise Englishwitheachother.A.tospeak B.spoke C.speak D.speaking.Keepon andyouwillsucceed.A.atry B.try C.triing D.trying.Thestorywassofunnythatwe.A.couldnthelplaughB.cantbutlaughC.couldnthelplaughingD.couldnthelp