计算机英语(第2版)完整课后答案

1、本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑 计算机英语(第2版)完整课后答案 计算机英语参考译文和练习答案 1 练习答案 （The Answers ） PART ONE Computer Basics Unit 1 My Computer Section A I Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text: 1 Charles Babbage; Augusta Ada Byron 2 input; output 3 VLSI 4 workstations; mainframes 5 vacuum; transistors 6 i

2、nstructions; software 7 digit; eight; byte 8 microminiaturization; chip II Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa: 1 artificial intelligence 人工智能 2 paper-tape reader 纸空阅读机 3 optical computer 光学计算机 4 neural network 神经网络 5 instruction set 指令集 6 parallel proce

3、ssing 平行处理 7 difference engine 差分机 8 versatile logical element 通用规律器件 9 silicon substrate 硅基 10 vacuum tube 真空管（电子管） 11 the storage and handling of data 数据的存储与处理 12 very large-scale integrated circuit 超大规模集成电路 13 central processing unit 中央处理器 14 personal computer 个人计算机 15 analogue computer 模拟计算机 16

4、digital computer 数字计算机 计算机英语参考译文和练习答案 17general-purpose computer 通用计算机 18processor chip 处理器芯片 19operating instructions 操作指令 20input device 输入设备 IIIFill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary: We can define a computer as a device that acce

5、pts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output. According to the mode of processing, computers are either analog or digital. They can be classified as mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, or microcomputers. All else (for example, the age of the machine) being equal, this categorizat

6、ion provides some indication of the computers speed, size, cost, and abilities. Ever since the advent of computers, there have been constant changes. First-generation computers of historic significance, such as UNIVAC, introduced in the early 1950s, were based on vacuum tubes. Second-generation comp

7、uters, appearing in the early 1960s, were those in which transistors replaced vacuum tubes. In third-generation computers, dating from the 1960s, integrated circuits replaced transistors. In fourth-generation computers such as microcomputers, which first appeared in the mid-1970s, large-scale integr

8、ation enabled thousands of circuits to be incorporated on one chip. Fifth-generation computers are expected to combine very-large-scale integration with sophisticated approaches to computing, including artificial intelligence and true distributed processing. IVTranslate the following passage from En

9、glish into Chinese. A computer system includes a computer, peripheral（外围的）devices, and software. The electric, electronic, and mechanical devices used for processing data are referred to as hardware. In addition to the computer itself, the term “hardware refers to com ponents called peripheral devic

10、es that expand the computers input, output, and storage capabilities. Computer hardware in and of itself does not provide a particularly useful mind tool. To be useful, a computer requires a set of instructions, called software or a computer program, which tells the computer how to perform 2 计算机英语参考

11、译文和练习答案 a particular task. Computers become even more effective when connected to other computers in a network so users can share information. 计算机系统包括计算机、外围设备和软件。用于处理数据的电动、电子与 机械设备称为硬件。除了计算机本身之外，“硬件这一术语还指被称为外围 设备的组件，这些外围设备可扩大计算机的输入、输出和存储能力。计算 机硬件本身在本质上并未提供一件特别有用的智能工具。计算机要想变得 有用，就需要有称为软件或计算机程序的一套指令，来

12、告诉计算机如何执 行一项特定的任务。计算机在以下状况下变得更加有效：与网络中的其他 计算机相连接，以使用户能够共享信息 Unit 2 Computer Architecture Section A IFill in the blanks with the information given in the text: 1input; output; storage 2Basic Input Output System 3flatbed scanners; hand-held scanners 4LCD-based 5dot-matrix printers; inkjet printers 6di

13、sk drives; memory 7Volatile 8serial; parallel IITranslate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa: 1information retrieval 信息检索 2voice recognition module 语音识别模块 3touch-sensitive region 触感区，触摸区 4address bus 地址总线 5flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪 6dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机（针式打印机） 7p

14、arallel connection 并行连接 8cathode ray tube 阴极射线管 9video game 电子游戏（港台亦称电玩） 10audio signal 音频信号 11operating system 操作系统 12LCD (liquid crystal display) 液晶显示（器） 13inkjet printer 喷墨打印机 14data bus 数据总线 15serial connection 串行连接 3 计算机英语参考译文和练习答案 16volatile memory 易失性存储器 17laser printer 激光打印机 18disk drive 磁盘驱

15、动器 19BIOS (Basic Input Output System) 基本输入输出系统 20video display 视频显示器 IIIFill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary: CD-ROM stands for compact disk read-only memory. Unlike floppy and hard disks, which use magnetic charges to represent 1s

16、 and 0s, optical disks use reflected light. On a CD-ROM disk, 1s and 0s are represented by flat areas and bumpy areas (called “pits) on its bottom surface. The CD-ROM disk is read by a laser that projects a tiny beam of light on these areas. The amount of reflected light determines whether the area

17、represents a 1 or a 0. Like a commercial CD found in music stores, a CD-ROM is a “read-only disk. Read-only means it cannot be written on or erased by the user. Thus, you as a user have access only to the data imprinted by the publisher. A single CD-ROM disk can store 650 megabytes of data. That is

18、equivalent to 451 floppy disks. With that much information on a single disk, the time to retrieve or access the information is very important. An important characteristic of CD-ROM drives is their access rate. IVTranslate the following passage from English into Chinese. A modem is a device that conv

19、erts between analog and digital signals. Digital signals, which are used by computers, are made up of separate units, usually represented by a series of 1s and 0s. Analog signals vary continuously; an example of an analog signal is a sound wave. Modems are often used to enable computers to communicate with each other across telephone lines. A modem converts the digital signals of the sending computer to analog signals that can be transmitted through telephone lines. When the signal reaches its destination, another modem reconst