高英Uint4Loveisafallacy课后练习

1、优选文档.B.QuestionsonStructureandStyle:Thepurposeofthisessayistodemonstratethatlogic,farfrombeingadry,pedanticsubject,isaliving,breathingthing,fullofbeauty,passion,andtrauma.Logicmaybeaninterestingsubject.Thewriterisexaggeratingforthesakeofhumor.Thewriteremploysawholevarietyofwritingtechniquestomakehis

2、storyvivid,dramaticandcolorful.ThelexicalspectrumiscolorfulfromtheultralearnedtermsusedbytheconceitednarratortotheinfraclippedvulgarformsofPollyEspy.Heusesfigurativelanguageprofuselyandalsogrammaticinversionforspecialemphasis.Thespeedofthenarrationismaintainedbytheuseofshortsentences,ellipticalsente

3、ncesanddashesthroughoutthestory.Thismixaddstotherealismofthestory.Thetopicsentenceofparagraph47is:Hewasatornman.ThewriterdevelopstheideaexpressedinthetopicsentencebydescribingvividlyhowharditisforPeteyBurchtochoosebetweenhisgirlfriendandraccooncoat.Beingveryobservantandsuperblytoillustrativeexamples

4、todevelopthetheme,thewritersuccessfullytobringsforththesceneinwhichPeteyBurchsdesirefortheraccooncoatwaxesandhisresolutionnottogivehisgirlfriendwanes.Thereadercaneasilycometotheconclusionthatitishardandpainfuldecisionforhimtomake.ThenarratorreferstoPygmalionandFrankensteinbecausejustasPygmalionloved

5、theperfectwomanhefashioned,thenarratorlovedPollyEspy,whohehadfashionedaccordingtohisplan.However,whenhebeggedPollyslove,hewasrejected.HegotsameresultasFrankenstein,whocreatedamonsterthatdestroyedhim.Inthissense,theseallusionarechosenaptly.ThewholethingbackfiredonthenarratorwhenPollyemployedallthe“lo

6、gicalfallacies”shehadbeentaughttorejecthisoffer.Theendofstoryfindsthatthenarratorhasgotwhathedeserves.Hehasbeentoocleverforhisown.4.AnexampleofsimileMybrainwasaspowerfulasdynamo,aspreciseasachemistsscales,aspenetratingasascalpel.(comparinghisbraintothreedifferentthings)(para.1)AnexampleofmetaphorThe

7、refollowsaninformalessaythatventuresevenbeyondlambsfrontier.(comparingthelimitationsetbylambtoafrontier)(authorsnote)AnexampleofhyperboleItisnotoftenthatonesoyounghassuchagiantintellect.(hyperboleforeffect)(para.2)AnexampleofmetonymyOtherwiseyouhavecommittedaDictoSimpliciter.(Otherwiseyouhavecommitt

8、edalogicalfallacycalleda“DictoSimpliciter”.)(para.70)AnexampleofantithesisItis,afterall,easiertomakeabeautifuldumbgirlsmartthantomakeauglysmartgirlbeautiful.(“beautiful,dumbandsmart”arebalancedagainst“ugly,smartandbeautiful”)(para.24)Colloquialismsandusedinthetext:dumb,pin-up,kid,gosteady,date,casua

9、lkick,well-heeled,laughs,terrific,magnificent,mad,callitanight,yummy,fireaway.Darn.Slangusedinthetext:nothingupstairs,keen,dal,knock(oneself)out,dreamy,howcute,rat,knothead,jitterbug.sfromhispointofviewthatthestroyistold.Sincethewholestroyispresentedashispersonalexperiences,wethereaderstendtorelyonw

10、hatnarratortellsus.Paraphrase.优选文档Heisaniceenoughyoungfellow,youknow,butheisempty-headed.Apassingfashionorcraze,inmyopinion,shoesacompletelackofreason.IoughttohaveknownthatraccooncoatwouldcomebacktofashionwhentheCharlestondance,whichwaspopularinthe1920s,camebackAlltheimportantandfashionablemenoncamp

11、usarewearingthem.Howcomeyoudontknow?Mybrain,whichisaprecisioninstrument,begantoworkatahighspeed.Exceptforonething(intelligence)pollyhadallotherrequirements.Shewasnotasbeautifulasthosegirlsinpostersbutifeltsureshewouldbecomebeautifulenoughaftersometime.Infact,shewasintheoppositedirection,thatis,sheis

12、notintelligentbutratherstupid.Ifyouarenolongerinvolvedwithher(ifyoustopdatingher)otherswouldbefreetocompetetogetherasagirlfriend.Hisheadturnedbackandforth(lookingatthecoatthenlookingawayfromthecoat).Everytimehelookedhisdesireforthecoatgrewstrongerandhisresolutionnottogiveawaypollybecomeweaker.Toteac

13、hhertothinkappearedtoberatherbigtask.Onemustadmittheoutcomedoesnotlookveryhopeful,butidecidedtotryonemoretime.Thereisalimittowhatanyhumanbeingcanbear.IplannedtobePygmalion,tofashionanidealwifeformyself,butiturnedouttobeFrankensteinbecausepolly(theresult/productofmyhardwork)ultimatelyrejectedmeandrui

14、nedmyplan.Desperatelyitriedtostopthefeelingofpanicthatwasoverwhelmingme.PracticewithwordsandexpressionsA.1.dynamo:amachinethatchangessomeotherformofpowerdirectlyintoelectricity2.flight:fleeingorrunningawayfrom3.Charleston:alivelydancein4/4time,characterizedbyatwistingstepandpopularduringthe1920s4.sh

15、ed:heswim:conformingtothecurrentfashionsoractiveinthemaincurrentofaffairs6.practice:theexerciseofaprofessionofoccupation7.pinup:(Americancolloquialism)designatingagirlwhosesexualattractivenessmakesherasubjectforthekindofpicturesoftenpinneduponwalls8.makings:thematerialorqualiti

16、esneededforthemakingordevelopmentofsomething9.carriage:mannerofcarryingtheheadandbody;physicalposturebearing:wayofcarryingoneself;mannergosteady:(Americancolloquialism)datesomeoneoftheoppositesexregularlyandexclusively;besweetheartsoutofthepicture:notconsideredasinvolvedinasituationdeposit:(facetiou

17、s)put，layorsetdown13.brief:aconcisestatementofthemainpointsofalawcase,usuallyfiledbycounselfortheinformationofthecourt14.1etup:stopping;relaxing.优选文档B.1fashion和fad均为名词。fashion主要指某人，特别指文学、艺术界或社会上流人物在某一特定场合或时间内穿衣、讲话等方面的姿态或习惯。fad指由某种感情引起的一时的爱好也许一时流行的民俗。2incredulous和incredible均为形容词。incredulous是“不轻易相信的”、

18、“表示思疑的”的意思，指对某人的能力或意志力持思疑和不相信态度。incredible是“不可以相信的”意思，指某件事不平凡或不大可能存在，所以表示思疑或不可以相信。3passion和eagerness均为名词。passion指一种强烈的梦想或感情，这种梦想或感情经常会产生一种不可以抗拒的也许必然的结果。eagerness意即“期望”或“热情”，但经常含有不耐烦的意味。4feeling和emotion均是名词。feeling在没有上下文限制的时候，经常指人们在主观上反映的一种快乐或不快乐的感觉或感情。emotion指由于精神上或身体上碰到外界某种刺激而引起的一种强烈的感情或情绪。5reveal和

19、show均为动词。reveal指公开或揭示某种奥秘或隐蔽的东西，忧如是揭开一种掩饰物似的。show指某种事物也许东西“展现”在眼前，以便能看获取和看得清。6tempt和incline均为动词。tempt意为“引诱”、“诱惑”，指一种强有力的诱惑，这种诱惑能战胜对某一事物的忌惮或推断。incline意为“倾向于”、“有的倾向”，指对某事物或行动或多或少表现出一种暖昧的心理倾向。7exasperation和disappointment均为名词。exasperation指派某人痛心疾首也许使某人失去自控力的强烈气愤或生气。disappointment意为“无望”、“失意”，指某人对某件事感情觉没希望

20、或失去信心。8exasperation和disappointment均为名词。exasperation指派某人痛心疾首也许使某人失去自控力的强烈气愤或生气。disappointment意为“无望”、“失意”，指某人对某件事感情觉没希望或失去信心。9amusement和merriment均为名词。amusement意为“娱乐”、“消遣”，指一种令人快乐的精神消遣，特别是某种幽默的事物或谈笑令人感觉很有乐趣。merriment意为“快乐”、“欢欣”，指充满兴趣和笑声的某种事物。101anguish和suffer均为动词。languish指由于期望而烦忧或受到悲伤。suffer指由于伤害、沉痛或损失等原因此被迫受到、承受悲伤或不快乐的事情。C.1这几个词都是形容词，指人的智力或感觉等方面拥有较高的矫捷性或灵便性。keen指在智力或感觉、视觉、听觉等五官方面是敏锐的或矫捷的，尤指拥有解决复杂或疑难问题的特别能力。acute意为“敏锐的”，指拥有观察到别人没有注意到的某种意义、感情、建议、颜色、