2021译林版高中英语选择性必修四课文翻译

1、译林版高中英语选择性必修四UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibilityTo live a life of honesty and integrity is a responsibility of every decent person. Noam Chomsky过诚实正直的生活是每一个正派人的责任。 诺姆乔姆斯基Reading (P 2-3) After twenty years 二十年后The policeman on the beat walked along the street as he always did. It was barely ten oclock

2、at night. When he had walked about halfway around a certain block, the policeman suddenly slowed down. In the doorway of a store stood a man, with an unlit cigar in his mouth. As the policeman walked up to him the man spoke up quickly. 巡逻的警察像往常一样沿着街道走着。还不到晚上十点。当他走过一个街区大约一半的时候，警察突然放慢了速度。在一家商店的门口站着一个男

3、人，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。当警察走近他时，那人很快地大声说起了话。“Its all right, officer, ” he said. “Im just waiting for a friend. Its an appointment made twenty years ago. There used to be a restaurant where this store standsBigJoe Bradys restaurant. ”“没事的，警官，”他说。“我只是在等一个朋友。这是一个二十年前做的约定。这家商店所在的地方以前有一家餐馆大乔布雷迪餐馆。”“It was here un

4、til five years ago, ” said the policeman. “It was torn down then. ”“五年前它还在这里，”警察说。“后来它被拆除了。”The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar. The light showed a pale face, with keen eyes, a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. His scarfpin was a large diamond, oddly set.

5、 站在门口的人划了一根火柴，点燃了雪茄。灯光显得苍白他的脸，一双敏锐的眼睛，一个方下巴，右眉毛附近有一条白色的小伤疤。他的领巾别针是一颗大钻石，镶嵌得很奇怪。“Twenty years ago tonight, said the man, “I dined here with Jimmy Wells, my best friend. He and I were just like two brothers. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to leave New York and travel to th

6、e West to make my fortune. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come. We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have built a life and made our for

7、tunes. ”“20年前的今晚，”那人说，“我和我最好的朋友吉米威尔斯在这里吃过饭。他和我就像两兄弟。当时我18岁，吉米20岁。第二天早上，我就要离开纽约，到西部去发家致富。那天晚上，我们约定二十年后在这里再见面，不管我们的情况如何，也不管我们要走多远。我们觉得在二十年里，我们彼此都应建立起自己的生活并发财。”“It sounds pretty interesting, said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meetings, though. Havent you heard from your friend since you le

8、ft?”“听起来很有趣，”警察说。不过，两次见面之间的间隔时间相当长。你离开后就没有收到你朋友的来信吗?”“Well, we kept in touch for a year or two, and then we lost contact. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if hes alive, for he always was the truest and most reliable fellow in the world. Hell never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this d

9、oorway tonight, and its worthwhile if my old partner turns up. ”“嗯，我们保持了一两年的联系，然后就失去了联系。但我知道，如果吉米还活着，他会来这里见我的，因为他一直是世界上最真诚、最可靠的人。他永远不会忘记。今晚，我从千里之外来到这里，站在这个门口，如果我的老搭档出现了，这是值得的。”The waiting man pulled out a handsome watch, set with small diamonds. It was three minutes to ten. 那个等着的男人拿出一块镶嵌着小钻石的漂亮手表。现在

10、是十点差三分。“Ill be on my way,” said the policeman. “Hope your friend turns up. ”“我马上就来，”警察说。“希望你的朋友会出现。”“Ill give him half an hour at least. Bye, officer. ”“我至少给他半个小时。再见, 长官。”The man who had come a thousand miles to keep an appointment with the friend of his youth smoked his cigar and waited. About twen

11、ty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned up to his ears, hurried toward him. 这个人从千里之外赶来，是为了和年轻时的朋友约会，他一边抽着雪茄，一边等待着。大约二十分钟后，一个身穿长大衣、衣领翘到耳朵的高个子男人匆匆向他走来。“Is that you, Bob?” he asked, doubtfully. “是你吗，鲍勃?”他疑惑地问。“Is that you, Jimmy Wells?” shouted the man in the doorway. “是你吗，吉

12、米威尔斯?”门口的人喊道。“Bless my heart!” cried the new arrival. “Well, well, well! Twenty years is a long time! How has the West treated you, old man?”“上帝保佑我的心!新来的叫道。“好, 好, 好!二十年是一段很长的时间!老伙计，西部对你怎么样?”“It has given me everything I asked it for. Youve changed lots, Jimmy. I never thought you were tall by two or

13、 three inches. ”“它给了我想要的一切。你变了很多，吉米。我从没想过你会长高两三英寸。”“Oh, I grew a bit after I was twenty. Come on, Bob; well go to a place I know and have a good long talk about old times. ”“哦，我二十岁以后长高了一点。来吧, 鲍勃;我们要去一个我知道的地方，好好谈谈过去的时光。”The two men walked up the street, arm in arm. The man from the West was beginning

14、 to outline the history of his career. At the corner stood a drugstore, brilliant with electric lights. Each of them turned to stare at the others face. The man from the West stopped suddenly and released his arm. 那两个人手挽着手走在街上。这个从西部来的人开始概述他的职业生涯。街角有一家药店，灯火通明。他们每个人都转过身来盯着对方的脸。那个从西部来的人突然停下来，松开了他的手臂。“A

15、s I suspected, youre not Jimmy Wells,” he said, impatiently with anger. “Twenty years is a long time, but not long enough to change the shape of a mans nose. ”“正如我所怀疑的，你不是吉米威尔斯，”他愤怒地说。“二十年是很长的一段时间，但还不足以改变一个人鼻子的形状。”“It sometimes changes a good man into a bad one,” said the tall man, taking charge of

16、the situation. “Youve been under arrest for ten minutes, Silky Bob. Chicago police thought you might have dropped over our way and wired us. They want to have a chat with you. Before we go to the station, heres a note for you. Its from Patrolman Wells. ”“它有时会把一个好人变成一个坏人，”控制局面的高个子说。“你已经被捕十分钟了，狡猾的鲍勃。芝

17、加哥警方以为你会顺路过来然后给我们发了电报。他们想和你谈谈。在我们去车站之前，这里有张纸条给你。是巡警威尔斯写来的。”The man from the West unfolded the paper. The note was rather short. 从西部来的人打开纸。这封信相当短。“Bob: I was at the appointed place on time. When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the criminal wanted in Chicago. Anyhow I

18、 couldnt arrest you myself, so I got a plain-clothes man to do the job. JIMMY. ” (Adapted from O. Henrys short story of the same title)鲍勃：我准时到了约定的地点。当你划着火柴点燃雪茄时，我看到那是一张芝加哥通缉犯的脸。无论如何，我不能亲自逮捕你，所以我找了个便衣去做这件事。吉米。” (改编自欧亨利的同名短篇小说)Integrated skills(P 8)Understanding white lies 理解善意的谎言The ugly truth 丑陋的真相“

19、Happy birthday, Anne, ” said my grandma, handing me a brightly wrapped parcel with a big red bow. It was my birthday dinner, a special treat, and the whole family were theremy parents, grandma, grandad, aunt, uncle and nephew. “生日快乐，安妮，”奶奶说着递给我一个包装得很鲜艳的包裹，上面有一个大大的红色蝴蝶结。这是我的生日晚餐，一个特别的款待，而且所有的家人都在那里我的

20、父母，奶奶，爷爷，阿姨，叔叔和侄子。“Thanks, Granny!” I said, smiling. I tore the parcel open. Inside was something very bright, very pink. I held it up. It was the ugliest dress I had ever seen. “谢谢奶奶!”我笑着说。我把包裹撕开了。里面有个非常亮，非常粉红的东西。我举起它。这是我见过的最丑的衣服。“I hope you like it, said Grandma. “You look so pretty in pink. I thi

21、nk this dress is perfect for you. ”“我希望你喜欢，”奶奶说。“你穿粉红色很漂亮。我觉得这件衣服非常适合你。”Frankly speaking, I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could. “Thats so kind of you, Granny, ” I said, trying to sound convincing. “Its beautiful. Thank you so much. ”坦率地说，我很失望，但我尽可能地笑了。“奶奶，您真是太好了。”我说，试图让自己听起来更有说服力。“这

22、是美丽的。非常感谢你。”Grandma smiled back happily at me, with deep wrinkles around her eyes. Well. I couldnt tell her the truth. Could I?奶奶开心地对我笑了笑，她的眼睛周围有深深的皱纹。嗯。我不能告诉她真相。我可以吗?A white lie that hurt me 一个伤害我的善意的谎言When I gave the dress to Anne for her birthday, I saw the excitement in her eyes as she tore off

23、the wrapping paper. She paused briefly when she first saw the dress. Then her beautiful face smiled lovingly at me. She told me it was a beautiful dress. I know that the old and the young do not always share the same tastes and I was happy that she liked it. All the hours of sewing were worth it whe

24、n I saw the look of joy on her face. 当我把裙子送给安妮作为生日礼物时，我看到她撕掉包装纸时眼中的兴奋。她第一次看到那件衣服时，停顿了一下。然后，她美丽的脸庞充满爱意地对我笑了笑。她告诉我那是条漂亮的裙子。我知道老年人和年轻人的口味并不总是相同的，我很高兴她喜欢它。当我看到她脸上喜悦的表情时，所有的缝纫时间都是值得的。It was a few days later that I learnt the truth. I was passing Annes bedroom when I heard her talking on the phone. “My gr

25、andma gave me this very pink dress, ” she said. “I really appreciate it but I dont think Ill ever be wearing it. I mean, who wears pink these days?” I stood there in awkward silence. Then I walked away, pretending not to have heard anything. However, I felt cheated and it really depressed me. 几天后我才知

26、道真相。我路过安妮的卧室时，听到她在讲电话。“我奶奶给了我这件粉红色的裙子，”她说。“我真的很感激它，但我想我永远不会穿它。我的意思是，现在谁会穿粉红色的衣服?”我站在那里，尴尬地沉默着。然后我走开了，假装什么也没听到。然而，我感觉被欺骗了，这真的让我很沮丧。Extended reading (P 11-12)Taking responsibility承担责任Honoured guests, teachers and students, it is my pleasure and privilege to welcome you here today and present my though

27、ts on this special occasion. 尊敬的来宾、老师、同学们，我很高兴和荣幸欢迎你们今天来到这里，并在这个特殊的场合表达我的想法。Students, the time has arrived for you to fully accept your passage into adulthood. I have seen you grow from nervous Senior 1 students into confident young adults, who sit before me today, ready to embrace the next phase of

28、 your lives. You must be both excited and anxious about the new experiences that are in store for you. Dont worry, for you are all responsible young people, well prepared and well equipped to successfully manage the challenges of the years ahead. 学生们，是时候让你们完全接受自己的成年了。我看到你们从紧张的高一学生成长为自信的年轻人，今天坐在我面前，准

29、备迎接人生的下一个阶段。你一定对即将到来的新体验既兴奋又焦虑。不要担心，因为你们都是负责任的年轻人，准备好了，准备好了，可以成功地应对未来的挑战。At school, you have gradually understood the importance of a well-developed sense of responsibility. You accept that you are responsible for your successes and your failures. Hopefully, you have learnt to treat responsibility n

30、ot as a weight that burdens you, but rather as a foundation which will support your future development. A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds; likewise, a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour. 在学校里，你们逐渐明白了

31、责任感的重要性。你接受你的成功和失败是你的责任。希望你已经学会了不要把责任当作负担，而是当作支撑你未来发展的基础。没有锚的船，在风浪的摆布下航行;同样地，一个没有责任感的人会被自己的粗心和轻率的行为所支配。As students, you must take your studies seriously and accept responsibility for your own learning. This means meeting deadlines for your schoolwork, following your teachers guidance, and of course,

32、 always aiming for academic excellence. However, your responsibilities go far beyond your studies. As you go through your daily life, you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong. Instead of being quick to blame others, analyse the problem, and if it is indeed your own faul

33、t, be ready to admit your mistake and then correct it. This way, you practise the virtue of courage. Always give your best in whatever you set out to do, however difficult that might be. This way, you practise the virtue of determination. Be honest by saying what you mean and by meaning what you say

34、. This way, you practise the virtue of integrity. Taking responsibility in all aspects of your everyday life, therefore, will help build a strong character. 作为学生，你必须认真学习，对自己的学习负责。这意味着要在截止日期前完成学业，听从老师的指导，当然，还要始终追求学术卓越。然而，你的责任远远超出你的学习。在你的日常生活中，你会遇到许多困难的情况，事情可能会出错。不要动不动就指责别人，要分析问题，如果确实是你自己的错，要准备好承认错误，然

35、后改正。这样，你就锻炼了勇气的美德。无论你打算做什么，无论多么困难，都要全力以赴。这样，你就练习了决心的美德。诚实地说出你的意思，并认真地表达你所说的。这样，你就实践了正直的美德。因此，在你日常生活的各个方面承担责任，将有助于建立一个坚强的性格。Apart from personal development, assuming responsibility for your actions is also important for the betterment of society. Society is an organic whole, and as social beings, we

36、have a responsibility to make a contribution. You may have heard the story of a small boy who tried to save starfish left on the beach after a storm, by throwing them back into the sea. Passers-by told him that he was wasting his time, for he could not possibly save them all. However, the boy was no

37、t discouraged, believing that he could make a difference to the ones that he saved. As a result, the passers-by felt inspired and joined him in saving the starfish. Similarly, the little things you do can make a difference! For example, picking up garbage around your neighbourhood contributes to a c

38、leaner environment. Reporting a speeding car helps ensure road safety. Being energy-efficient leads to savings of our precious natural resources. Doing volunteer work at a local nursing home brings love and warmth to the elderly. Just like the “starfish boy”, you may even inspire people around you t

39、o do the same, which is an added bonus. Working together, we have the power to gradually but continuously advance our society. 除了个人发展，对自己的行为负责对社会的改善也很重要。社会是一个有机整体，作为社会人，我们有责任做出贡献。你可能听过一个小男孩的故事，他试图拯救暴风雨后留在海滩上的海星，他把它们扔回大海。过路的人对他说，他是在浪费时间，因为他不可能把他们都救出来。然而，男孩并不气馁，他相信自己可以改变他所拯救的那些人。结果，路过的人受到鼓舞，和他一起拯救海星。同

40、样，你所做的每一件小事都能带来不同!例如，在你周围捡垃圾有助于一个更清洁的环境。报告超速车辆有助于确保道路安全。节能可以节省我们宝贵的自然资源。在当地的养老院做义工给老人带来了爱和温暖。就像“海星男孩”，你甚至可以激励你周围的人也这样做，这是一个额外的奖励。只要我们共同努力，我们就有能力逐步而持续地推进我们的社会。So, dear students, take your first step into the adult world by accepting your responsibilities, so that adulthood will be an enjoyable and re

41、warding experience for both you and those around you. Sometimes, responsibilities may weigh heavily on you. However, just as the Chinese saying goes, “Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved. ” A man cannot be perfected without trials. Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tom

42、orrow. I wish you every success in your adult life!所以，亲爱的学生们，通过接受你们的责任，迈出你进入成人世界的第一步，这样，成年对你和你周围的人来说都将是一段愉快而有益的经历。有时候，责任可能会压在你身上。然而，正如中国谚语所说:“玉不琢，不成器。”没有经受考验的人是不可能完美的。今天播下成功的种子，明天就会收获丰硕的成果。祝你在你的成年生活中成功!UNIT 2 Understanding each other We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen twice as much

43、 as we speak.Epictetus我们只有两只耳朵和一张嘴巴，所以我们可以听到的是我们所说的两倍。 爱比克泰德Reading (P16-17)Effective communication有效沟通If you heard someone shout “Hey you!” from across the room, how would you react? Just these two words can carry a lot of information. They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close

44、friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile. When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention. Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. So. lets look a little deeper into the topic of communication

45、.如果你听到有人从房间的另一头喊 “嘿,你!”,你会作何反应?仅仅这两个词 就可以承载很多信息。它们(这两个词) 可以解读成来自亲密朋友的热情问候,特别 是如果伴随着亲切的笑容。当陌生人这样 说话时,它们可以作为吸引你注意的一种方 式。我们交流的大部分内容不仅取决于我 们使用的词语,还取决于我们如何使用它 们。那么,咱们更深入地探讨一下交流的话题吧。 Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver. The sender encodes a message and se

46、nds it face to face, or through video, telephone, mail or social media. This message is then received and decoded by the receiver. In response, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback, This feedback is decoded by the original sender and the entire cycle repeats i

47、tself until they have finished communicating. 沟通是发送者和接收者之间交换信息的过程。发送者对信息进行编码,然后面对面发通或通过视频、电话、邮件或社交媒体发送,然后该消息被接收方接收并解码,作为回应,接收者发回一组编码的信息,这被称为反馈。这个反馈信息被原始发送者解码,然后整个循环重复,直到他们完成通信。This communication process can be challenging but, with practice and patience, you can become a highly competent communicato

48、r. To accomplish this, you need to know with whom you are communicating. What is their age or position? What is their relationship with you? What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have? Once you have obtained this information you can use it to determine how best to communicate with them.

49、 Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation. Furthermore, you will need to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be. For exam

50、ple, if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal, you should do it face to face, using formal language in a straightforward manner. 这个沟通过程可能是具有挑战性的,但是,通过练习和耐心,你可以成为一个非常称职的沟通者。要做到这一点,你需要知道你在和谁交流,他们的年龄或职位是什么?他们和你的关系如何?他们有什么样的期望和文化背景?一旦你获得了此休息,你可以用它来决定如何最好地与他们沟通。根据你是与陌

51、生人、朋友、家人还是问事沟通,你需要决定哪种沟通渠道最适合这类情况。此外,你还需要确定使用的方式适当,以及你的措辞应该多复杂。例如,如果你是一个商人,正在与一家大企业洽谈一笔交易,你应该面对面地,用正式的语言,以直截了当的方式进行沟通。Your body language is equally important, since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and attitudes. Make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver. A smile shows you ar

52、e attentive to the issues being discussed, while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction. Additionally, you should not ignore the other persons body language, which will give you clues as to whether the conversation is going well or not. When you n

53、otice a change in the other persons body language. you should adjust how you are communicating accordingly. If someone looks at you with a confused expression, this could indicate that they have not completely understood your point. Then you will need to clarify your message before moving on. 你的肢体语言

54、同样重要,因为它揭示了你的想法和态度。确保它清楚地支持你想要传递的信息。微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注,而双臂交叉、日光移开可能表明你不感兴趣,这样会造成不信任或导致摩擦。另外,你也不应该忽视对方的肢体语言,因为它会提示你对话是否顺利。当你注意到别人肢体语言的变化时,你应该相应地调整你交流的方式。如果有人带着困惑的表情看着你,这可能表明他们没有完全理解你的观点。那么在继续之前,你需要阐明你的信息。While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not be understa

55、ted. Seek to understand the other persons emotions, by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective. Suppose you are discussing a project with your partner, who has just lost an important basketball game and is inactive. To engage him or her in the discussion a

56、nd make your communication more effective. you may express your sympathy by, for instance, saying, “I understand how you feel .” However, some issues may be complicated and you may he confused about why others feel the way they do. Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view wil

57、l you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them. You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from, which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly. 虽然了解肢体语言很重要,但同情的价值也不应该被低估,通过设身处地从对方的角度看问题来试着理

58、解对方的情绪。假设你和你的伙伴正在讨论一个项目,他/她刚刚输了一场重要的篮球比赛,而且现在不活跃。为了让他或她参与讨论,使你的交流更有效,你可以表达你的同情,例如,说:“我理解你的感受”但是,有些问题可能很复杂,你可能会困惑为什么其他人会有这样的感觉。只有当你认真考虑他们的观点,你才能明白他们的情绪是如何产生的,并与他们产生共鸣。你可能不赞成他们的想法,但至少你会明白这些想法从何而来,这意味着你可以相应地调整自己的语气和措辞。Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appro

59、priately and improve your interactions with others. Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect, allowing relationships to become more positive and productive. So, get practising and good luck!有效的沟通能让你恰当地解决差异与分歧,并改善你与他人的互动交流。良好的沟通技巧还能帮助你建立信任,获得尊重,使人际关系变得更加积极和富有成效。所以,好好练

60、习,祝你好运!Grammar and usage(P 20)Some people say that the UK and the USA are two countries that are separated by a common language. However, after studying in each of them. I found it is more than that. Apart from the differences in language such as pronunciation and vocabulary, there is a significant