人教版高中英语必修2《ONTENTSUnit3ComputersLearningaboutLanguage》公开课教案13

1、语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所表达的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe构造、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或神态动词后边。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。比如：Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）Weoftenspea

2、kEnglishinclass.（代词）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词）1Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure（.不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真实的主语为后边的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语

3、所做的动作或拥有的特点和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语以后。谓语的组成以下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语组成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语：（1）由神态动词或其余助动词加动词原形组成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系动词加表语组成。2如：Wearestudents.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特点和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）以后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式

4、、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。比如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican（.名词）Isityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（喜好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehas

5、neverbeenabroad.3（表语从句）（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后边。比如：Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代词）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopu

6、larmusic.（动名词短语）Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice（.宾语从句）宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），4比如：Lendmeyourdictionary,please（.2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），比如：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语之外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完好。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充任。比如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.

7、（名词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefreshairin.（副词）Youmustnforcethimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（此刻分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityis5now.（从句）（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以低等成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Chinaisadevelopin

8、gcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分词）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名词）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.（不定式短语）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（动名词）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（介词短语）6（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句

9、子，说明动作或状态特点的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短语）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分词短语）Waitaminute.（名词）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（状语从句）状语种类以下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（时间状语）Lastn

10、ightshedidngottothedancepartybecauseoftherain.（原由状语）7Ishallgothereifitdoesn.（train条件状语）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地址状语）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式状语）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（陪伴状语）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的状语）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（

11、结果状语）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（退步状语）Iamtallerthanheis.（比较状语）练习一一、指出以下句子划线部分是什么句子成分：Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.Hehandedmethenewspaper.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.8WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.Hetookmanyphotosofthepalaces

12、inBeijing.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?Hesat

13、there,readinganewspaper.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.9Theapplestastedsweet.四、选择填空：()1._willleaveforBeijing.herenowisherenow()2.Theweather_.()3.Theappletasted_.D.sweet()4.Hegotup_yesterdaymorning.D.latter()5.Theactor_attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded10(

14、)6._wereallverytired,butnoneof_wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch_.D.crowdedly()8.Ithink_necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis()9.Thedog_mad.lookedD.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.where二、用符号划出以下短文各句中的主语（）、11谓语（）、宾语（）：Ihopeyou

15、areverywell.Imfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandImhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscolderthey

16、growwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesntoftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelsto

17、differentpartsofthegarden.12三、用符号划出以下短文各句中的定语（）、状语（）、补语（）：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.Itsgreat!Americanseatalotofmeattoomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idont,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.Inyourlet

18、teryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.二、简单句、并列句和复合句（一）句子种类两种分类法1、按句子的用途可分四种：131）陈说句（一定、否认）：

19、Heissixyearsold;Shedidnthearofyoubefore.2）疑问句（一般、特别、选择、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Ishesixorsevenyearsold?Marycanswim,cants3）祈使句：Becareful,boys;Dontcltalkssin4）叹息句：Howclevertheboyis!2、按句子的构造可分三种：1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelik

20、esdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.并列句：由并列连词（and,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一同组成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.14Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前程是光明的，道路是波折的。3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包括：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。e.g.Theforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereatth

21、eGreatWall.（二）简单句的五种基本句型1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g.Heisastudent.2、主语+不及物动词：e.g.Wework.3、主语+及物动词+宾语：dictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g.Myfatherboughtmeacar.5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g.Tommadethebabylaugh.注：其余各样句子都可由这一种基本句型扩15展、变化或省略而组成。（三）并列句的分类1、表示连结两个同样观点，常用and,notonlybutalso,neithernor等连,then接。namesisSmit

22、h,andthestudentsnameisJohn.2、表示选择，常用的连词有or,eitherorotherwise等。e.g.Hurryup,oryoullmissthetrain.3、表示转折，常用的连词有but,still,however,yet,while,when等。e.g.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so,for,therefore等。e.g.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforr

23、iveharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.16（四）高考考点商讨1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年纯真考察这类基础句型的题不多，可是在阅读中有时需借助于区分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣辞造句的能力是不行能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。2、祈使句、反意疑问句和叹息句是高考命题的热门之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句联合于一体来考察。一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的发展趋向。3、高考对简单句、并列句和各样复合句的考察常表此刻对连词的选择和使用上。如：and,but,or,while，以及其余连结名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的

24、连结词、关系词。4、各样主从复合句的考察常常与动词的时态联系在一同，以宾语从句与状语从句最为显然，时间从句与条件从句中，假如主句是未来17时，从句则用一般式表未来，这一点在高考取常常考察。如：Wewillgooutingifitdoesntraintomo.练习二、简单句、并列句和复合句一、判断以下句子是简单句、并列句仍是复合句：WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.Thereisachairinthisroom,isnMybrotherandIgotoschoola

25、thalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.18Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.三、选择填空：1.Gi

26、vemeonemoreminute_Illbeafinishit.A.andB.orC.ifD.so2.ItthesthirdtimethatJohnhasbeenlate,_?A.hasntheB.isntheC.isntitD.hasntit3._joyfulhewastomeethisbrotheragain!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan4.Letuspass,_?19A.shantweB.shallweC.wontweD.willyou5.Isupposehesserious,_?A.doIB.dontIC.isheD.isnthe6.Youhadbettern

27、otsmokehere,_?A.willyouB.hadyouC.shallyouD.haveyou7.Trainashardasyoucan_youllswimmingcompetition.A.thenB.butC.andD.or8.Imsorrytohavetosaythis,_youforgottoturnoffthelightswhenyoulefttheroomlastnight.A.andB.butC.soD.becauseJohnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,and_.A.Henryhasn20Henry10.Therearemanysportsl

28、oversinhisoffice.Someloveclimbing,_othersenjoyswimming.D.so-Doyoufeellikegoingout_wouldyouratherhavedinnerathome?-Idliketogoout.D.so12.-“_isthetemperaturetoday?”-“Its38degrees.”A.WhichB.HowC.HowhotD.Howhigh-Youruncleisntanengineer,ishe?_.A.Yes,heisntB.No,heisntC.No,heisD.Heis14._friendly_toeveryone!

29、A.How,issheB.What,isshe21C.How,sheisD.What,sheis15.Marywenttobedearly,_shefeltverytired.16.Mother_adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.wasmakingB.makesHelayinbed_readsomethingborrowedfromlibrary.18.-IdreallylikesomelunchbutIhavesomuchworktodo._whatyouwantandIcangetitforyou.C.YouwilltellmeD.Ifyoutellme19.Ashe

30、isstrong,_canliftonehundredpounds.D.he2220.-Ithoughtyouhadanumbrella.-Ihad,_Ivelostit.D.so21._downtheradio-thebabysasleepinthenextroom.-Idontlikechicken_fish.Idontlikechicken_Ilikefishverymuch.A.and,andB.and,butC.or,andD.or,but23.-Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?-Idliketo,_Imtoobusy.D.butWouldyoul

31、ikeacupofcoffee_shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?25.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.23C.havingarrivedD.andarrived“Canyoutread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.C.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointed27.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.28._itwithmeandIllseewhatIcanA.W

32、henleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave-Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,_?ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didntyouD.dontyou24二、判断以下短文中各句是简单句、并列句仍是复合句：Ihopeyouareverywell（）.Imfine,buttired（）.RightnowitisthesummervacationandImhelpingmyDadonthefarm（）.Augustisthehottestmonthhere（）.Itisthetimeofyearfortherice

33、harvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（）Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors（）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat（）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（）.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim（）.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest（）.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden（.Itdoesntoftenraininthesummerhere（）.Asares