高中英语语法主谓一致讲解与练习

1、(圆满word版)高中英语语法主谓一致解说与练习(圆满word版)高中英语语法主谓一致解说与练习6/6(圆满word版)高中英语语法主谓一致解说与练习由and连结的并列单数主语前若是分别有时，其谓语动词要用单数形式:Everyman,woman,andchildneedslove.Eachboyandgirlwasgivenabook.Everyminuteandeverysecondisprecious.高中语法：主谓一致.主谓一致原则含义：在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必定和主语在人称和数上保持一致。分类：语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。.语法一致原则：谓语动词和主语在单、

2、复数形式上保持一致。以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.Whathesaidistrue.【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后边的谓语动词多半情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列构造时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.WhatIsayanddohas

3、nothingtodowithyou.apairof+表无生命的名词+单数谓语；apairof+表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语：Thispairofshoesisnotmine.Thehappypairis/aregoingtoHawaiifortheirhoneymoon.“单数名词+and+单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数：YouandIaregoodfriends.Theboyandthegirlweresosurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.【注意】若是and并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数：a/the+单数名词（人）+and+单数名词（人）+单

4、数谓语a/the+单数名词（人）+and+a/the+单数名词（人）+复数谓语Thedancerandsingerwasgreetedbyacrowdofpeople.Thedancerandthesingerweregreetedbyacrowdofpeople.no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修饰有些用and连结起来的单数名词，单词用单数。这类名词词组有：由于关系亲密，已被看作一个整体，所以作主语时，谓语knifeandfork刀叉breadandbutter面包和黄油needleandthread针线fishandchips炸鱼加薯条thestar

5、sandstripes星条旗FishandchipsisapopularfastfoodinEngland.主语为单数名词或代词，后边跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式:Thefactorywithallitsequipmenthasbeenburnt.Themanager,alongwithhissecretaries,isgoingtoadinnerpartytonight.Theteacher,aswel

6、lastheparents,istoblamefortheaccident.each;each+单数可数名词；eachof+复数名词作主语时，谓语都用单数形式：Eacharrivesontime.Eachofthebuildingispaintedadifferentcolor.由any,some,no,every与body,one,thing组成的不定代词作主语或主语的一部分，谓语用单数：Everybodyisdoinghisbest.Thereisnothingyoucandotohelp.在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语时，谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致：Hewh

7、olaughslastlaughsbest.试比较：Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.若是集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；若是它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式,这些词有army,family,audience,club,class,group,organization,troop等：Thegraduatingclassisinthelaboratory.Theclasswereallcheerful.Ateamwhichisfullofenthusiasm

8、ismorelikelytowin.Theteamweretalkingoversomenewplans.【注意】people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数:Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与此后的主语一致Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.:【练一练】Betweenthetworoads_aTVtowercalled“SkyscraperTower”.HaveyouheardthatTom,alongwithhisparents,_toFrance?-Really?NowonderI

9、haventseenhimthesedays.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.havebeenD.havegoneThere_apairoftrousersonthebed.A.areB.isC.hasD.have_and_aregoingabroadnextThursday?Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.Thefather;sonB.Thesinger;dancerC.Asinger;adancerD.He;IA_and_hasbeenboughtforyou.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.goldwatch;chainB.kn

10、ife;forkC.desk;butD.pen;pencilNothingbutonedeskandsixchairs_intheroom.A.areB.isstayedC.isD.hasEverystudentandeveryteacher_.A.aregoingtoattendthemeetingB.haveattendedthemeetingC.hasattendedthemeetingD.isattendedthemeetingTheNewYorkTimes_allovertheUnitedStates.A.isreadB.isreadingC.arereadD.arereadingT

11、here_tobesomethingwrongwithhissister,_?A.seem;isnittB.seems;doesnthereC.seem;isnthereD.seems;doesntitIthinkTom,_you,_toblame.A.ratherthan;isB.ratherthan;areC.morethan;areD.lessthan;isThespeakersatthemeetingagreedthatthewaysinwhichtelevisioncaneducateaperson_almostinfinite.A.beB.areC.isD.are“Ifanybod

12、y_,pleaseputdown_name,”saidtheteachertothemonitor.A.wantstobuythebook;hisB.wanttobuythebook;theirC.willbuythebook;onesD.wantstohavethebookbought;herMyfamily_largeandmyfamily_reading.A.is;enjoyB.is;enjoysC.are;enjoyD.are;enjoysThecustomsandcultureofAmerica_verymuchlike_ofEngland.A.is;thatB.are;thoseC

13、.havebeen;theonesD.hasbeen;theoneOnlyoneofthestudentswho_present_tospeakatthemeeting.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;are.逻辑意义一致原则：谓语动词的数必定和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数。）what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要靠意思来决定：Whichisyoufavoritesubject?Whichareyourfavoritesubjects?Allisgoingwell.

14、AllhavegonetoBeijing.表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的名词的复数作主语时，因常表示一个整体的见解，谓语动词常用单数形式：Eighthoursofsleepisenough.Tendollarsistoomuchtopayfortheshirt.复数形式的专出名词，如书名、剧名、报名、国名等，其谓语用单数：TheUnitedNationshasitsheadquartersinNewYorkCity.TheThameshasalargepopulation.一些学科名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathematics,politics,physics，以及news，works等，都

15、属于形式上是复数的名词，实质意义是单数名词，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：Worldeconomicshasadirecteffectonworldpeace.Physicswashermajor.“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数：Therichgetricherandthepoorgetpoorer.Thegoodarewellrewarded,andthebadpunished.【练一练】_is_.Whichiswrong?A.Twodays;alongvacationforthestudentsC.TheNewYorkTimes;publisheddaily

16、Therich_notalwayshappy.A.isB.areB.Oneandahalfdollars;notenough.C.800miles;longdistanceWhatsheleftme_afewoldbooks.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveTenminutes_anhourwhenoneiswaitingforaphonecall.A.isB.areC.seemsD.seemThePhilippines_ofmorethan7,000islands.A.consistsB.consistC.makeupD.makesup.就近原则：谓语动词的人称与近来的主语保持一致。

17、当两个主语由or;eitheror;neithernor;whetheror;notonlybutalso连结时，谓语动词和周边的主语一致：GeorgeorIamwrong.EitherJohnorhisfriendsaretoblameforthebadresults.NeithermybrothernorIamgoingtothesummercamp.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisinvitedtotheparty.therebe句型be动词单复数取决于此后的主语，则应与凑近的那个主语保持一致：(here引导的句子用法相同)Thereisap

18、en,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.Therearetwentygirlsandonlyoneboyinourclass.【练一练】NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.beEithertheteachersorthepresident_themeeting.A.attendsB.attendC.areattendingD.haveattendedThemanagerorhissecretary_togiveyouaninterview.

19、A.isB.areC.wereD.haveNeitherofyoursuggestions_sense.A.makesB.makeC.ismadeD.aremadeThere_20dollarsandtwocardsinmypurse.A.areB.isC.haveD.has.表示数量的短语作主语时的谓语形式“manya/morethanone+单数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数：Manyashiphasbeenwreckedonthoserocks.Morethanonegrammaticalmistakewasfoundinhiscomposition.表示鸟兽鱼群的词,如aflockofbi

20、rds,apackofdogs,aprideoflions,aherdofcattle,aschooloffish等作主语，谓语用单数：Aflockofbirdsiscirclingoverhead.alotof,lotsof,plentyof,thepercentageof,分数词+of,aquantityof,quantitiesof作主语的一部分时，与复数名词连用，谓语用复数形式；与不可以数名词连用，谓语用单数形式：Two-fifthsofthemoneyismine.Two-fifthsofthestudentsintheclassarefromEnglish-speakingcoun

21、tries.Therewasquantitiesofrainthisfall.agreatdealof,anamountof,alittleof,muchof等与不可以数名词连用时，谓语用单数：Muchofthefurnitureisuncomfortable.Thereisalimitedamountofoilintheworld.agoodmany,agreatmany,anumberof与复数可数名词连用作主语时，谓语用复数：Therewereagreatmanypeopleinthepark.Anumberofstudentswereabsent.【注意】“thenumberof+复数

22、名词+单数谓语”，表示“的数量”：Thenumberofdaysinaweekisseven.【练一练】About60percentofthestudents_fromthesouth,therestofthem_fromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;isThenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty;butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;was,B.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;wereManyachild_tow

23、alkbeforehecanspeak.A.learnB.learnsC.learnedD.havelearnedMorethanonegirl_lateforclassthismorning.A.areB.isC.wasD.wereThepopulationofChina_over1,200millionandeightypercentofthepopulation_peasants.A.is;areB.are;isC.is;isD.are;areHomework:Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,_visitingamuseumwhenthee

24、arthquakestruck.D.wouldbe2.Therich_notalwayshappy.C.makepossibleproducingD.makeitpossibleproducing4.Avarietyofbooks_thechildrenofdifferentages.A.areinterestedinB.isinterestedinC.areintendingforD.isintendingfor5.Tomaswellastwoofhisfriends_totheconcertlastnightA.hasbeeninvitedB.hadbeeninvitedC.wereinv

25、itedD.wasinvited6.Mike,whatdidourmonitorsayjustnow?Everyboyandeverygirlaswellasteacherswhotovisitthemuseumaskedtobeattheschoolgatebefore6:30inthemorning.A.is;isB.are;isC.is;areD.are;are7.ApoetandartistcomingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingstomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were8.ItisI_my

26、parentswho_toblamefortheaccident.A.otherthan;areB.ratherthan;amC.morethan;areD.than;is9.Inourschool,manyaboy_playingfootballandmoregirlsthanone_playingit.A.likes;likesB.like;likeC.like;likesD.likes;like10.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be11.Whatweusedtothink_impossiblenowdoesseempossible.D.willbe12.Asyoucansee，thepriceofpor