中考英语复习定语从句讲解

1、 第 第 页 定语从句【思考：什么是定语？】a lovely girl一个可爱的小女孩 形容词lovely 做定语置于名词 boy 前面the panda in the basin盆里的那只熊猫 介词短语in the basin 做定语置于名词panda 后面（1）正在发言的那个男人是钟南山。The man who/that is speaking is zhong nanshan.（2）我想读的那本书是关于钟南山的。The book that/which I want to read is about zhong nanshan.定语从句的定义：由句子充当定语。在句子中对名词/代词起修饰限定

2、的单词或短语先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句。定语从句的结构：_+_+_She is a lovely girl.The girl is running.合成一句: _【思考：如何把两个句子连在一起的？】She is a lovely girl who is running.关系词：连接先行词和定语从句，引导定语从句代替先行词，在从句中充当一定的句子成分先行词：被定语从句修饰限定的名词或代词注意：1.关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要先行词保持一致。 2.关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，可以省略。1.I am waiting forthe girl who /

3、thatis wearing a white coat. （关系代词作_）2.The dictionary(that /which) my sister gave me is very expensive last Sunday. （关系代词作_）3. She will go home where she can rest. 关系词 关系代词 关系副词基本思路 缺主语：指人用_指物用：_找定语从句在哪里 缺主干 缺宾语：指人用_指物用：_看是否缺主干 缺表语：_(可省)（主谓宾） 充当定语（的）：_ 不缺主干 时间状语：_ 充当状语 地点状语：_ 原因状语：_【注】万能that指人也指物，可充

4、当主语、宾语、表语成分summary定语从句：在复合句中，用来修饰名词或代词的句子先行词：被定语从句修饰的词结构：先行词+关系词+句子 关系代词：_关系词 关系副词：_【练习1】找出定语从句，标出先行词、关系词，并讨论关系词在从句中做的成分The book which you borrowed me yesterday is interesting.He is the man who lives next door.This is the reason why I was lateThis is the town where he was born.This is the reason tha

5、t I told you.【练习】用关系代词、关系副词填空This is the man _wants to see you.Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees? Yes, he does. The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important.He talked about the classmates and the school_ he had visited. You have seen the girl _sister is a Chinese te

6、acher. I went to the school _my father once worked. I like the house _windows look beautiful.This is the dictionary _mom gave me.July and August are the months _the weather is hot. We lived in a house _window faces south. 【练习3】课后练习题.用that，不用which的情况当先行词是不定代词all, one, few, little, everything, nothing

7、, any, anything, little等不定代词或被它们修饰时。Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么要我做的事吗?He answered few questions _ the teacher asked.他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。This was one of the most interesting books _ were sold in this book store.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。当先行词有the very，the only，the same等修饰时。Thats t

8、he only thing _ we can do now.目前我们只能这样了。Those are the very words _ he used.那就是他的原话。当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。 They were talking about the persons and things _ they saw in the factory.他们在谈论在工厂里看到的人和事。当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。China is not the country that it was.中国已经不是过去的中国了。当要避免与疑问词which重复时。Which is the car that wa

9、s made in Beijing?哪辆车是北京制造的?当先行词为the way, the time, the period等时，关系代词常用that，但通常被省略。I dont like the way_you speak to her.我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。【其他补充知识点】1、who，whom的用法who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。In the beginning, people _ bought the tomato often got angry. 起初，买到西红柿的人常常会生气。

10、(作主语)The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball. 你应该给他写信的人是波尔先生。(whom作宾语能省略)His mother, _ he loved dearly, died in 1818. 他很爱你的母亲，她于1818年去世了。（whom引导非限时，作宾语但不能省略）2、whose的用法whose 指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时常可用of which取代。（）I have a friend _ father is a mayor. 我有个朋友，他父亲是市长。（）We lived in a house _window faces so

11、uth. 我们住在窗口朝南的房子里。3、which 的用法which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。（）They needed a plant _ didnt need as much water as rice.他们需要一种不像水稻那样需要水的作物。（作主语，不能省略）（）It is used to record the tickets _ passengers buy.它用来记录乘客所购买的车票。(作宾语，可以省略)He came late, _ we all know. 我们都知道，他来晚了。（作宾语，在非限制性定语从句中不省略）4、that 的用法that 多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指物时其用法和which大致相同，但也有区别。All the people _ come from the country work much harder. 所有来自农村的人工作都更努力。（that指人，在从句中作主语，不能省略）She is the only person_ I can trust. 她是我唯一可以依赖的人。（that指人，在从句中作宾语，可以省略）5、关系代词that和whi