仿Windows电子计算器的设计

1、课程设计报告课程名称 面向对象程序设计设计题目 仿Windows电子计算器的设计系别 机电系班级学生姓名学号任课老师 完成时间2009.12.23 设计任务 起至日期：2009.12.14设计题目：仿Windows电子计算器的设计设计要求：设计要求：设计一电子计算器，功能类似于Windows自带的电子计算器；基于Visual C+开发平台；给出计算器相关算法的设计思想及流程图；给出电子计算器实现的Visual C+源代码；给出运行测试结果，提交源代码包。仿Windows电子计算器的设计设计任务与要求设计一电子计算器，功能类似于Windows自带的电子计算器；基于Visual C+开发平台；给出

2、计算器相关算法的设计思想及流程图；给出电子计算器实现的Visual C+源代码；给出运行测试结果，提交源代码包。设计思想程序简介： 本程序在VS.NET2005的c+语言中的MFC开发制作，经测试(使用动态dll库)在同等环境（VS.NET2005）下可以正常运行执行文件完成计算器功能。使用静态dll库时候，不改变执行程序路径可以正常运行，但移动到其他位置的执行文件运行会缺少3D按钮效果，其他功能不变。但在VC6.0和.NET2003环境下不能直接使用（提示缺少库文件）。解决办法是使用installshield制作软件安装包。在没有装有VS.NET2005的机器上可以用安装包安装该计算器，该安

3、装包会在桌面放置一程序快捷方式和卸载图标。本软件不写注册表。程序基本实现思路：1当前输入的数据，和数据处理过程均由变量n完成。因为最多是2元运算，另设一变量n_2表示第2个数，需要时由n_2=n赋值。2数字录入部内容相似，首先建立一个函数inum()，负责处理所输入的数字，按下相应数字键时候，调用inum()完成数字的输入和显示。3数据计算部分.由函数operation(char ope)，通过选择所按下的运算符（该函数的变量）来完成相应的计算并显示。由于运算符分为单元运算和双元 所以具有类似性，分开处理。4小数输入。按下小数点后，变量setxiaoshu=true，激活小数输入功能。inum

4、()做出输入小数的判断并输出预期数。5正负号的改变可以通过每按下该键后执行n=-n来执行。对于负数的录入功能，也由inum()做出判断，完成正确的负数录入过程。6等号的实现调用operation(operate)，完成相应运算。7删除一个字符，用n=long(n/10)的思路来完成，由于long的范围，所以删除只能实现10位以内的删除。8CE和C键。CE负责清楚欲输入的第2个数据的相关变量，C清空所有变量，重置计算器。模块设计及程序清单根据上述设想编写程序，主要代码如下：/ CalculateDlg.cpp : implementation file/#include stdafx.h#inc

5、lude Calculate.h#include CalculateDlg.h#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CAboutDlg dialog used for App Aboutclass CAboutDlg : public CDialogpublic:CAboutDlg();/ Dialog Data/AFX_DATA(CAboutDlg)enum IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX ;/AFX_DATA/ ClassWizard gener

6、ated virtual function overrides/AFX_VIRTUAL(CAboutDlg)protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); / DDX/DDV support/AFX_VIRTUAL/ Implementationprotected:/AFX_MSG(CAboutDlg)/AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP();CAboutDlg:CAboutDlg() : CDialog(CAboutDlg:IDD)/AFX_DATA_INIT(CAboutDlg)/AFX_DATA_IN

7、ITvoid CAboutDlg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)CDialog:DoDataExchange(pDX);/AFX_DATA_MAP(CAboutDlg)/AFX_DATA_MAPBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialog)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CAboutDlg)/ No message handlers/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()/ CCalculateDlg dialogCCalculateDlg:CCalculateDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)

8、: CDialog(CCalculateDlg:IDD, pParent)/AFX_DATA_INIT(CCalculateDlg)/ NOTE: the ClassWizard will add member initialization here/AFX_DATA_INIT/ Note that LoadIcon does not require a subsequent DestroyIcon in Win32m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()-LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);m_str=;m_db1=0;m_db2=0;m_bOper=FALSE;m_chOpe

9、rator= ;m_store=0;m_b2=FALSE;void CCalculateDlg:DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)CDialog:DoDataExchange(pDX);/AFX_DATA_MAP(CCalculateDlg)/ NOTE: the ClassWizard will add DDX and DDV calls here/AFX_DATA_MAPBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CCalculateDlg, CDialog)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CCalculateDlg)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PA

10、INT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN0, OnBtn0)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN1, OnBtn1)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN2, OnBtn2)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN3, OnBtn3)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN4, OnBtn4)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN5, OnBtn5)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN6, OnBtn6)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN7, OnBtn7)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN8, On

11、Btn8)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN9, OnBtn9)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_DIVIDE, OnBtnDivide)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_MULTIPLY, OnBtnMultiply)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_MINUS, OnBtnMinus)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_ADD, OnBtnAdd)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_EQUAL, OnBtnEqual)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_DOT, OnBtnDot)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_SQ

12、RT, OnBtnSqrt)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_REC, OnBtnRec)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_NEGATIVE, OnBtnNegative)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_MC, OnBtnMc)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_MPLUS, OnBtnMplus)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_MR, OnBtnMr)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_MS, OnBtnMs)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_BACKSPACE, OnBtnBackspace)ON_BN_CLICKED(

13、IDC_BTN_CE, OnBtnCe)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BTN_C, OnBtnC)/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()/ CCalculateDlg message handlersBOOL CCalculateDlg:OnInitDialog()CDialog:OnInitDialog();/ Add About. menu item to system menu./ IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0 xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUT

14、BOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu-AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);/ Set the icon for this dialog. The framework does this automatically/ when the applications main window is not a dialogSetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);/ Set big iconSetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);/ Set smal

15、l icon/ TODO: Add extra initialization hereSetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,0);return TRUE; / return TRUE unless you set the focus to a controlvoid CCalculateDlg:OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)if (nID & 0 xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX)CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();elseCDialog:OnSysCommand(nID,

16、lParam);/ If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below/ to draw the icon. For MFC applications using the document/view model,/ this is automatically done for you by the framework.void CCalculateDlg:OnPaint() if (IsIconic()CPaintDC dc(this); / device context for paintingS

17、endMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);/ Center icon in client rectangleint cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;/ Draw the ic

18、ondc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);elseCDialog:OnPaint();/ The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags/ the minimized window.HCURSOR CCalculateDlg:OnQueryDragIcon()return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn0() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(

19、m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=0;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn1() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=1;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn2() / TO

20、DO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=2;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn3() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=3;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str)

21、;if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn4() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=4;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn5() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.E

22、mpty();m_str+=5;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn6() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=6;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn7() / TODO: Add your co

23、ntrol notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=7;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn8() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=8;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b

24、2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtn9() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str=0)m_str.Empty();m_str+=9;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);if(m_bOper)m_b2=TRUE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnDivide() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_bOper)if(m_b2)Calculate

25、();elseGetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_db1=atof(m_str);m_str=;m_bOper=TRUE;m_chOperator=/;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnMultiply() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_bOper)if(m_b2)Calculate();elseGetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_db1=atof(m_str);m_str=;m_bOper=TRUE

26、;m_chOperator=*;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnMinus() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_bOper)if(m_b2)Calculate();elseGetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_db1=atof(m_str);m_str=;m_bOper=TRUE;m_chOperator=-;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnAdd() / TODO: Add your control notification ha

27、ndler code hereif(m_bOper)if(m_b2)Calculate();elseGetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_db1=atof(m_str);m_str=;m_bOper=TRUE;m_chOperator=+;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnEqual() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_bOper)Calculate();m_bOper=FALSE;void CCalculateDlg:Calculate()GetD

28、lgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_db2=atof(m_str);switch(m_chOperator)case /:if(m_db2=0)SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,零不能做除数);return;m_db1=m_db1 / m_db2;break;case *:m_db1=m_db1 * m_db2;break;case -:m_db1=m_db1 - m_db2;break;case +:m_db1=m_db1 + m_db2;break;default:break;m_str.Format(%.10f,m_db

29、1);m_str=round(m_str);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_str.Empty();m_b2=FALSE;void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnDot() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(m_str.Find(.)!=-1)return;m_str+=.;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnSqrt() / TODO: Add your contr

30、ol notification handler code heredouble dbTemp;GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);dbTemp=atof(m_str);dbTemp=sqrt(dbTemp);m_str.Format(%.10f,dbTemp);m_str=round(m_str);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_str.Empty();void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnRec() / TODO: Add your control notification handler

31、code heredouble dbTemp;GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);dbTemp=atof(m_str);dbTemp=1/dbTemp;m_str.Format(%.10f,dbTemp);m_str=round(m_str);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_str.Empty();void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnNegative() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code heredouble dbTemp;

32、GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);dbTemp=atof(m_str);dbTemp=-dbTemp;m_str.Format(%.10f,dbTemp);m_str=round(m_str);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnMc() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_store=0;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_M,);void CCalculateDlg:O

33、nBtnMplus() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code heredouble dbTemp;GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);dbTemp=atof(m_str);m_store+=dbTemp;m_str.Empty();SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_M,M);void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnMr() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_str.Format(%.10f

34、,m_store);m_str=round(m_str);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);m_str.Empty();void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnMs() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code heredouble dbTemp;GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);dbTemp=atof(m_str);m_store=dbTemp;m_str.Empty();SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_M,M);void

35、 CCalculateDlg:OnBtnBackspace() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereGetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);int len=m_str.GetLength();if(len=1)m_str=0;elsem_str=m_str.Left(len-1);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnCe() / TODO: Add your control notificati

36、on handler code herem_str=0;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);void CCalculateDlg:OnBtnC() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code herem_db1=0;m_db2=0;m_bOper=FALSE;m_str=0;SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_DISPLAY,m_str);CString CCalculateDlg:round(CString str)int index=str.Find(.);if(index=-1

37、)return str;int len=str.GetLength();int i;for(i=len-1; i=index; i-)if(str.GetAt(i)!=0)break;if(i=index)str=str.Left(i);elsestr=str.Left(i+1);return str;运行测试结果与分析计算器设计成宽型的,更符合人们手移动鼠标的习惯,因为横向移动比纵向简单.把数字录入部分放在中间,右边放上常用的运算符,左边放上不常用的函数,可以减少移动鼠标的总距离.CE C Backspace放在上面,分成明显的4大块布局,使用户更快适应新计算器的各键位置.设计心得这次程序设

38、计,让我对windows编程有了新的体会.一个程序的严密性是最重要的.而简单的实现加减乘除等运算和backspace的功能并不难,难得是设计的合理.所谓合理就是在各种情况下用户的输入都是预期的结果.而不是受到前次输入数据的干扰.如实现不按等号的连续运算(e.g. 1+1+1可以直接通过按这5个键实现.不用按1 + 1 = + 1 =,即避免了中间按等号的麻烦).按了等号后,显示出计算结果后直接输入数据不会和上次显示的结果混为一个数(e.g. 如按了=显示上次运算的结果为1,这时再按1,应该显示的是新的运算的开始,即显示1,而不严密的计算器会把上次显示的1和这次输入的1合成一个数,即显示11.这

39、不是用户预期的效果.)如按下backspace后应该可以直接修改数据.但不严密的计算器会存在这样一个bug,即如果是多位小数,如12.34时候,这时按下两次backspace时候,显示的是1但要在接着输入数据时候,比如按下2,预期的显示应该是12.而部分计算器会显示1.002,因为它没有同步改变小数点的判断,致使输入数据时候不是预期结果.再如代码里解释的正负数的输入地方,用户按下2 +/- 2时候,显示的依次应该是2,-2,-22,但部分计算器会出现显示的数据为2,-2,-18.这是由于正负数没有分开讨论的结果系统在处理时候第3个按键会处理成-2*10+2,即显示的-18.本计算器很好的处理了这一bug.类似的bug处理细节还有很多,就不一一列举了.下面指出本计算器的缺陷.backspace键的实现,调用了类型转换long int(double),这样就局限了退格的范围为10e10的范围.在输入0 . 0 3时候,计算器默认应该显示的依次是0,0.,0.0,0.03,但由于数据会自动去掉最后的0,所以中间会只显示0.,直至按下3 后才会显示0.03这个预期的结果.解决办法是把显示的变量换成string型的.并把输入的数据默认为char型的,