2022年6月英语四级真题听力原文及翻译(第二套)

1、 Youprobablythinkcollegestudentsareexpertsatsleeping.你可能会认为大学生是睡眠大师， sleephabits,whichcanbebadforthebodyandthemind.很坏的影响。TexasTechUniversityisevenofferingaclasscalled“ImprovingYourSleepHabits“.得克萨斯理工大学甚至开设了一门名为改善你的睡眠习惯的课程。andcarcrashes.被失眠困扰的人消灭肥胖或心理问题的可能性更高，被卷入车祸大事的几率更大。Studentswhodon”tgetenoughsle

2、ephavepoorerattendanceandlowergrades.缺乏睡眠的学生出勤率偏低，成绩相对较差。On top of all that, a new study published in the journal Learning & Memory finds you areprobablybetteroffsleepingthanmakinglast-minutepreparationsforatest.果。200 名大学生被指导如何玩一款他们不生疏的视频玩耍。Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some ski

3、lls when they played again 12hourslater,buttheydidmuchbetteraftergettingagoodnightsleep. 的睡眠之后其次天玩得更好了。So,ifyoureallywanttodoyourjobwell,don”tforgettogetsomesleep.所以，假设你想做好一份工作，不要忘了睡眠的重要性。1-2。Question1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?1：闻报道的主要内容是什么？ Question2.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudypublishedinth

4、ejournalLearning&Memory? 2：登载在学习与记忆日报上的争辩觉察了什么？ forconversationinBritainasthetraditionalcomplainingabouttheweather.超他们长期以来的吐槽对象坏天气了。Meanwhile,therearecomplaintsthatpoorserviceatLondon”smajorairportsisdiscouraging foreignersfromdoingbusinessinBritain.同时，还有人指责伦敦几个主要机场糟糕的效劳使得外国人越来越不情愿来英国做生意。Much of the

5、 criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority, which runs seven majorairports,includingthethreemainonesservingLondon.众多指责的焦点是英国机场治理局。该机构运营着七家大型机场，其中三家在伦敦。The Competition Commission is now to investigate whether the British Airports Authorityneedstoselloffsomeofitsassets.资产出售。Theideaisthat

6、competitionbetweenrivaloperatorswouldleadtobetterserviceatairports.其目的是通过加强竞争来推动机场效劳质量的提升。最近被一家西班牙公司收购的英国机场治理局，says the root cause of the problem is not the ownership structure but a lack of runway andterminalcapacity,表示问题的根源不在于产权构造而在于跑道和航空站容客量缺乏，whichitisaddressingthroughaprogramofheavyinvestment.而

7、他们正在投巨资解决这一问题。3-4。Question3.WhatistheCompetitionCommissiongoingtoinvestigate?问题 3：竞争委员会将对什么开放调查？Question 4. What is the root cause of the poor service at British airports according to theBritishAirportsAuthority?问题 4：英国机场治理局认为导致英国机场效劳质量差的根源问题是什么？UnderthelawinMassachusetts,tobaccocompanieshavetomeasu

8、rethe nicotine contentofeverytypeofcigaretteandreporttheresults.马萨诸塞州法律规定，烟草公司必需测量并公布其各类香烟中的尼古丁含量。drawsitsconclusion.波士顿公共卫生部会收集并认真审查这些数据，最终进展总结。Ahundredandsixteenbrandswerelookedatforthestudy.116 个。92 6 年前。Thebiggestincreasestendedtobeinbrandsthatwerepopularwithyoungsmokers. 而增福最大的是受年轻人宠爱的品牌。Thatwo

9、rriesthedepartmentbecauseoftheaddictivenatureofnicotine.这令卫生部感到担忧，由于尼古丁是一种能让人上瘾的物质。StandGlance,aprofessorofmedicineinSanFrancisco,explainswhy:旧金山的医学教授斯坦德格兰斯解释了缘由： yearago,10%，whichmeansthatiseasiertogethookedandhardertoquit.这就意味着人们会更简洁上瘾，戒烟也会更加困难。thedangersofsmokingandprovidethemwithenoughdetailtoma

10、keaninformeddecision.让他们在知情的状况下做出购置打算。However, none of them were prepared to comment on this study or discuss the detailednicotinecontentoftheirproducts.“。Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5-7。5：马萨储塞州法律对烟草公司做出了什么规定？Question6.WhatdowelearnfromthestudybytheDepartmentofPublicHealthin

11、Boston?6：从波士顿公共卫生部的争辩中我们可以知道什么？ 7：从这则闻报道中我们对大烟草公司有哪些了解？M:And you know one thing that I wanted to ask you. It is great that you have had thisexperienceofteachinginIndonesiaandfollowinguponwhatyoujustmentioned,whatwould yourecommendforstudentswhodonotliveinanEnglish-speakingcountry?And,youknow, they w

12、ant to learn. I don”t know about perfecting but they want at least to be able tocommunicatedecently.Howcantheygoaboutthis?他们怎样才能做到呢？W: Yeah,itisreallyhard.ThatstherealstrugglebecauserightnowIdoliveinHollandbutI justbasicallyspeakEnglishallthetime.SoIhavetomakearealefforttopractice.There”sas muchlist

13、eningexposureasIwant.AllIhavetodoisturnontheTV.我能够获得的听力资源很充分，只要翻开电视就可以。M:Andreadingalso,right?男士：还有阅读，对吗？W: Yeah,reading.There”splentyIcangettoreadandlistento.Butforspeaking,therereallyis nosubstitutefortryingtospeakandusethelanguageinarelaxedatmosphere.SoIthinkthatis reallythechallengeforpeoplewhol

14、iveinacountrywheretheirtargetlanguageisn”tspoken. Andforthat,gosh,whatwouldIdo?IfIdidn”thavepeoplehere,probablytrytofindaclub?In Sweden,theyhave a really cool system called study circles where notIt”s like a course, butreallyyoujusthaveacourseleader,whoisthere,sortof,asacoachingguideandtohelpout.And

15、youdon”tgetgrade,andyougojustbecauseyouwanttolearn.对，阅读。我能找到的阅读和听力资料很多。但是至于“说”，没有什么比能够让人放松地应用乐部？在瑞典有一种叫做“学习圈”的组织。它就像一种语言班，有班领导，像指导员一样帮助我们。但是不会有评分，大家去那里全靠兴趣。Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8-11 题。8：女士现在住在哪里？ 9：女士说真正的挑战是什么？Question10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingtolearntospeakaf

16、oreignlanguage?关于学习“说”外语，女士给出了什么建议？ “学习圈”女士说了什么？liketochange?女士：南森，我们正在争辩关于开车的话题，你有没有想要改的交通规章呢？M: I”mnotsureIwanttochangerules.ButI”dlikethepolicetobestricterontherules.Likeif peopledoingthat.Orlikespeeding.Itisveryeasytoputspeedcamerasincertainplaces.装超速监控也很简洁啊。W:Maybe car manufacturers should have

17、 some responsibility in limiting the power of theirengines.Whatsthepointinproducinganenginethatisbigandpowerfulenoughtogolike200 km/hwhenthespeedlimitisonly100?100 千米每200 千米每小时的引擎又有何用呢？M:Right.ButdoyouknowtherearenospeedlimitsinGermany?男士：对。但是你知道吗？德国没有车速限制。are there.Ifthelawisn”tthere,peoplewilldriv

18、ewithin theirabilityrange.Whenyou”vespeedlimit,thiscreatessituationthatactuallypresentsdangersontheroad.有法律，人们都会量力而行。设定了限速，反而导致了大路上一些危急状况的发生。 男士：你认为德国人对驾车责任感方面的培育比中国人要好吗？W: Possibly.Theyalsohaveverygoodcars. M: Right.男士：对。W: Ifyouvegotagoodcarthatcangoathighspeed,thenit”sreallynicetodothat. M: Butst

19、illwithcare.男士：但是仍旧要慎重。W:SoIthinkitistherestrictionthatcreatesthedangerssometimes.女士：所以我觉得正正这些制度导致了危急状况的发生。M: OK.男士：好吧。havespeedpoliceman.女士：固然，居民区和校区这类地方需要设置减速设施。M:Speedbumps.男士：减速带。女士：对，减速带，它能迫使车辆减速。我觉得这个东西很好。M:Soyoudon”tthinkfiningpeopleisuseful?男士：那你觉得罚款没有用喽？女士：用处不大，由于警察没有时间对全部的司机进展一一监管。Question

20、s12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12-15 题。12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?说话者争辩的主要内容是什么？13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcarmanufacturerscoulddo?女士认为汽车生产商能够做什么？14.WhatcanwelearnaboutpeopledrivinginGermany?对于人们在德国的驾车状况我们了解了什么？15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepolicefiningdrivers?女士对惩罚司机的警察有什

21、么看法？ topayforapackofcigarettes.旧金山市中心的一家商店收银处，山姆阿扎正在用信用卡支付一包香烟的钱。luck.商店的读卡器无法识别他卡上的词条，阿扎试了又试，总是不行。眼看顾客们开头排队，阿扎在收银台后面拿出了一个黑色的塑料袋。Hewrappedonelayeroftheplasticaroundthecardandtriedagain.Success.他把卡用一层塑料包起来然后有刷了一次，这次成功了。trickfromanotherclerk.那里学来的小窍门。Verifone,thecompanythatmakesthestore”scardreader,wo

22、uldnotconfirmordenythatthe plasticbagtrickworked.这家商店读卡机的生产商，惠尔丰，对这种塑料袋技巧的成效不置可否。But it”s one of many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures that people without engineeringdegreeshavediscoveredoftenoutofdesperation，andshared.人共享。这只是其中之一。Today”sshakyeconomyislikelytoproducemanymoresuchtricks.如今不稳定的经济可

23、能会催生更多这种小窍门。“Inpost -warJapan,theeconomywasn”tdoingsogreatsoyoucouldn”tgeteverydaylikehouseholdcleaners,“战后日本经济不景气，所以人们买不到一些日用器具，比方家用清洁器。”says Lisa Katayama, author of Urawaza, a book named after the Japanese term for cleverlifestyletipsandtricks.裏技的作者片山丽萨说。“裏技”在日语中是聪明的生活贴士和技巧的意思。“所以人们就会用现有的东西想方法。”s

24、uppliesassimpleaspaperandglue.Some,likeMr.Azar”splasticbag,areopentoargumentastohowtheyworkorwhetherthey reallyworkatall.其中一些和阿扎先生包塑料袋的窍门一样，其工作原理和成效饱受争议。但很多“丹方”是可以用科学解释的。Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 16-18 题。Question16.WhathappenedwhenSamAzarswipedhiscreditcardtopayforhispurch

25、ase?Question17.HowdidSamAzarmanagetocompletethesale?阿扎是如何完成交易的？ Ifyouareagraduatestudent,youmaydependonyouradviserformanythings,假设你是一名争辩生，那么你会在很多方面需要导师的帮助，including help with improving grades, acquiring financial support, forming an examiningcommitteeandgettinglettersofrecommendation.包括提高成绩、申请助学资金、组

26、建审核委员会以及写推举信。而假设你是争辩生助教，那么你的导师也就是你的“老板”了。Academic departments vary in their procedures for assigning academic advisers to graduatestudents.各个学术院系为争辩生安排导师的机制不同。thefirstsemesterasanewstudentadviser.在一些院系，系主任至少要在生的第一学期担当导师。之后，学生依据学术兴趣选择导师。In other departments, a new student is assigned a faculty advise

27、r based on some system ofdistributionofthedepartment”s“advisingload“.另外一些院系则有某种导师安排体系，这种体系的安排原则以“指导量”为根底。Later,studentsmayhavetheopportunityofselectingtheadviserthattheyprefer.之后，学生可以依据自己的喜好选择导师。visitingoremailingthedepartmentalofficeandaskingfortheinformation.导师或者临时导师的信息。Graduationrequirementsspeci

28、fythenumberofcreditsyoumustearn,毕业要求中写明白你需要修的学分总数、havefromamongdifferingdepartmentsorfieldsofstudy.必需取得的平均学分绩点的下限、以及在各院系或学科需修学分的分布状况。In addition,itisnecessarytoapplyforgraduation when younearthattimethatyouwillbecompletingyourgraduationrequirements.另外，你的各项指标马上到达毕业要求前，你必需向学校申请毕业。 BulletinofInformatio

29、n.由于大学各科系的毕业要求不同，你需要查阅信息手册。你还应当就这些问题向系办公室或学业导师请教。Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19-21 题。 Question20.Howcannewgraduatestudentslearnwhotheiradvisersare? JodyHubbardisadietandnutritionexpertwhotravelsaroundthestatetospeakinmiddleandhighschools.乔迪哈伯德是一位饮食养分专家，她经常到本州各所初高中学校去做演讲。 hertospeaktoseveraldifferentgroupsofgirls.HerbiggestconcernistheemphasisAmericancultureplacesonthinnessandthenegativeway thataffectsgirlstoday.她最大的担忧是美国社会对瘦的重视以及这对现在女学生带来的负面影响。乔迪获得了养分学博士学位，但更重要的是她的个人阅历。Hermothertaughthertodietwhenshewasonly8yearsold.她八