初中英语时态语态教案终极版

1、初中英语时态语态总结英语中一共有十六种时态，初中阶段主要学习和考到八种时态，主要包含一般此刻时，一般过去时，一般未来时，此刻进行时，过去进行时，此刻达成时，过去未来时和过去达成时。一、一般此刻时1.用法:1）表示现阶段常常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态、特点或客观真谛。常用的时间状语有often，usually，sometimes，always，everyday，never，inthemorning，everyweek/day等。e.g.Igetupatsixeverymorning.Heplaystennisonceaweek.Thesunrisesintheeast.（常常性动作）（习惯性动

2、作）（客观真谛）Mymotherisateacher.SheteachesEnglishinaschool.（此刻的状态）在条件状语从句和时间状语从句顶用一般此刻时表示未来。e.g.Ifyoudontgosoon,youllbelate.begin,come.,go,leave,start,stop等动词常用一般此刻时表示按计划、规定将要发生的事情。e.g.Classbeginsateightinthemorning.2.组成：1）主语是I,we,you,they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he,she,it和名词单数时，动词使用第三人称单数。2）主语为第三人称和名词单数时：必定

3、式:S+V/动词的第三人称单数否认式:S+dont/doesnt+V+其余疑问式:Do/Does+S+V+其余简单回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does(否)No,S+do/doesnot主语必定式否认式疑问式第一、二人Iamastudent.We/You/TheyareIamnotastudent.We/You/TheyarenotAreyouastudent.Areyou/theystudents?称和第三人称复数以及名词复数students.students.Ishe/sheastudent?He/Sheisastudent.He/Sheisnotastudent.I/We/You/Th

4、ey/dontlikeDoyou/theylikemusic?I/We/You/They/likemusic.Domanypeoplelikemusic.Manypeopledontlikemusic?Manypeoplelikemusic.music.3）当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：必定式:S+be+否认式:S+be+not+疑问式:Am/Is/Are+S+?简单回答:(肯)Yes,S+be.(否)No,S+be.真题：1.Canyourfatherdrive?(08武汉)Yes,andheusuallytoschool.AdroveBisdrivingCdrivesD

5、hasdriven2.IfIfindhisphonenumber,Iyou.(09北京)AtellBtoldCwilltellDhavetold3.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthround,notflat.(08天津)AisBwasChasbeenDisbeing二、一般过去时表示过去某段时间发生的事，存在的状态或过去频频发生的动作时用一般过去时。常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，threemonthsago，lastyear，in1979等。用法：1）过去发生的动作。e.g.Thepolicestoppedmeonmywayhomel

6、astnight.2）过去存在的状态。e.g.Theywerentabletocomebecausetheyweresobusy.3）beusedtodoing表示过去常常做某事。也是一般过去时的标志。e.g.Shewasusedtofeedingthecatsintheyard.组成：S+V-ed1）用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化以下：一般状况+ed以e字母结尾的辅音+d以辅音字母y结尾去y变ied重读闭音节结尾的单词，末端只有一个辅音字母双写词尾字母+ed2）一般过去时态的必定句、否认句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：主语必定式否认式疑问式第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名

7、词复数真题：Iwasastudent.Iwasnotastudent.Wereyouastudent.We/You/TheywereWe/You/TheywereWereyou/theystudents?students.notstudents.Washe/sheastudent?He/ShewasaHe/Shewasnotastudent.student.Didyou/theylikemusic?I/We/You/They/Didmanypeoplelikemusic?I/We/You/They/didntlikemusic.likedmusic.ManypeopledidntManypeo

8、plelikedlikemusic.music.1.Yesterday，Tonysfamilyagoodtime.(08泸州)AhasBhaveChad2.WewereinQingdaolastweekandgreatfunthere.(08北京)AwillhaveBhavehadChadDhave3.MygrandmotherusstorieswhenIwasyoung.(09锦州)AwasusedtotellBisusedtotellingCareusedtotellDwasusedtotelling三、一般未来时1.用法：表示未来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于一般未来时的时间状

9、语：tomorrow，nextweek，in2008等。1）将要发生的动作。e.g.IwillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.2）将要存在的状态。e.g.ThistimenextyearIwillbeinJapan.Wherewillyoube?3）打算要做的事。e.g.Areyougoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?4）come，go,start,move,sail等动词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事。e.g.Thewholefamilyisgoingfortwomonths.在条件状语从句和时间状语从句顶用一般此刻时表示未来。e

10、.g.Ifyoudontgosoon,youllbelate.2.组成：1）助动词will(shall)+v2）be+goingto+v3.will和begoingto的差别：1）表示带意向色彩的未来用will。e.g.Iwillstaywithyouinthefuture.2)咨询对方能否愿意或表示客气的邀请和命令时用will。e.g.Willyougototheparkwithme?Willyoupleaseopenthedoor?表示客观的未来，用will。e.g.Iwillbe22yearsoldnextyear.begoingto常用于口语顶用来表示马上发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g

11、.Weregoingtohelpsomefarmerswiththeirwork.5)表示打算或准备要做的事用begoingtoe.g.Shesgoingtoleaveat10oclocktomorrow.6)依据某种迹象判断可能要发生的事用begoingto。e.g.Lookattheclouds.Itsgoingtorain.真题：1.Whyareyouinsuchahurry,Mike?(09福州)ThereanNBAbasketballgameintenminutes.AwillhaveBwillbeCisgoingtohaveDaregoingtobe2.Infiveyears,Ia

12、doctor.(08AwillbeBwasCam3.Iftheycome,weameeting.AhaveBwillhaveChad泸州)Dwouldhave四、此刻进行时用法：1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。常用于此刻进行时态的时间状语：now,look,listen等。e.g.Sheishavingabathnow.2）现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（可是动作其实不是一定在说话时正在进行）。e.g.Youareworkinghardtoday.KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian.Thepopulationofth

13、eworldisgrowingveryfast.3）频度副词always,forever等词连用时，表示某种激烈的感情。e.g.Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.4）表示按计划马上发生的动作（仅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等动词）。e.g.Thepartyisbeginningat8:00oclock.“系动词+介词/副词”表示正在进行的动作。e.g.Heisatwork.表示感觉、梦想和状态的某些动词如hope,smell,hear,see等一般不用进行时态。2.组成：be+v-ing1）v-ing此刻分词的组成

14、：一般状况cook-cooking以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ingmake-making,taste-tasting以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末端只有一个辅音字母时.run-running,stop-stopping,2)必定句、否认句、疑问句形式：必定句：S+be+V-ing否认句：S+be+not+V-ing一般疑问句：Is(Are)+S+V-ing？特别疑问：wh_+be+S+V-ing?主语必定式否认式疑问式第一、二人称Iamdriving.Iamnotdriving.Areyoudriving?和第三人称He/She/Itisworking.He/She/Itisnotwork

15、ing.Ishe/she/itworking?复数以及名We/You/TheyaredoingWe/You/TheyarenotAreyou/theydoing词复数something.doinganything.something?真题：1.Mr.Greentothemanagernow.Youdbettercallhimlater.(09北京)AtalkBistalkingCtalkedDwastalking2.Everythingontheearthallthetime.AischangingBischangedChaschangedDhasbeenchanged3.Bequiet,pl

16、ease.Thestudentsaclassnow.(08长春)AhaveBhadCarehavingDwerehaving五、过去进行时1.用法：过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用于过去进行时的时间状语有atfouryesterdayafternoon，then，atthattime/moment等。e.g.ThistimelastyearIwaslivinginBrazil.Whatwereyoudoingat10oclocklastnight?2.组成：was/were+v-ing一般过去时和过去进行时的差别：1）一般过去时：重申过去某个时候曾有过某个动作（已经达成的）。2）过去

17、进行时：重申换作在过去的某个时候或某个时间段内正在进行（能否达成不明确）。e.g.Marywrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.Marywaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.真题：Wereyouathomeat7oclocklastnight?(09宁波)Yes,Iashoweratthattime.AtookBamtakingCwastakingDwastaken2.TheboydownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.(09仙桃)AwalksBwalkCiswalkingDwaswalking3.Imyho

18、meworkwhilemyparentsTVlastnight.(06南京)Adid;havewatchedBwasdoing;werewatchingChaddone;werewalkingDwoulddo;werewatching六、此刻达成时用法：1)表示过去发生或已经达成的动作对此刻造成的影响或结果，常与already,just,ever,never,before等副词连用。e.g.Shehasneverreadthisnovel.2)表示“过去的动作”向来连续到此刻并有可能连续连续下去。常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用。e.g.Ihavebeenamember

19、ofthePartyfor10years.IhavebeenamemberofthePartysince10yearsago.3)在有for和since指引时间状语的句子中不可以用短暂性动词（die,arrive,close,become,come,fall,leave,go,lose,give,jump），应用与之相应的表示状态的词。e.g.(F)Hehasdiedfor3years.(T)Hehasbeendeadfor3years.4)当表示动作、状态连续时用连续性动词（work,stand,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,read,sleep）。连续性动词

20、一般不与表示“点”的时间状语连用。e.g.WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.(F)Itrainedateightyesterdaymorning.(T)Itbegantorainateightyesterdaymorning.组成：1)have/has+v-ing2）此刻达成时态的必定句、否认句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：必定句：S+have（has）+V-ed否认句：S+have（has）+not(havent,hasn-edt)+V一般疑问句：Have(Has)+S+V-ed+？特别疑问句：wh_+have(has)+S+V-ed+？主语第一、二人

21、称和第三人称复数以及名词复数必定式否认式疑问式I/We/You/TheyhaveI/We/You/TheyhaventHaveyou/theybeenherebeenherebefore.beenherebefore.before?He/ShehasbeenhereHe/ShehasntbeenHashe/shebeenherebefore.herebefore.before?.I/We/You/They/Many.I/We/You/They/Haveyou/they/manypeoplepeoplehaveseenthefilm.Manypeoplehaventseenthefilm?see

22、nthefilm.此刻达成时与一般过去时的差别1）重视点不一样。此刻达成时重申过去的动作对此刻造成的影响；一般过去时不过一种过去的时态，与此刻没关。e.g.YesterdayIwenttothezoo.LiLeihasreadthebook.标志的时间状语不一样。此刻过去时：already,yet,still,just,sofar,before,ever,never,since+一段时间，for+一段时间。一般过去时：ago,yesterday,lastyear,in2000,justnow.e.g.Haveyoueverpickedflowersorsteppedonthegrassinap

23、ark?Fatherboughtthatwatchtenyearsago.4.havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin的差别1）havebeento表示过去曾去过某地，此刻已经不在该地了。常与just,ever,never等连用，后边可接次数，表示去过某地几次。e.g.HehasbeentoGuangzhouforthreetimes.HaveyoueverbeentotheUnitedStates?Yes,twice.2）havegoneto表示到某地去了，说话时该人不在说话地址，或许已到该地，或在途中。一般主语不用第一、第二人称。e.g.WhereisMrs.Smi

24、th?Sheisnthere.ShehasgonetoEngland.3）havebeenin表示已经在某地待了多久。常跟for+一段时间，表示在某地待了多长时间。e.g.HaveyoursisterbeeninChinaforalongtime?Yes.Shewenttherefiveyearsago.DavidhasbeeninShanghaiformorethanthreemonths.真题：HowdoyoulikeBeijing,Mr.Smith?Oh,Isuchabeautifulcitybefore.AdontvisitBdidntvisitChaventvisitedDhadnt

25、visited2.Sheasananimaltrainersince2003.(09北京)AhasworkedBworksCwillworkDworked3.IsMr.Greenathome?(09黔东)No,heShanghai.AhasbeentoBhasgonetoCisgoingto4.WhereisZhangMing?(10.湖南)Oh，dontyouknowhetoBeijingtoseehisparentsandhellbebacktomorrow.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.hadgone5.Jack，Ihaventseenyourbrotherforalongti

26、me.HeShanghaionbusinessfortwomonths.A.wenttoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeento(09,福建)七、过去未来时过去未来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，“从过去看未来”，常用于宾语从句。用法：1）主句为一般过去时，宾语从句表示将要发生的事情。e.g.Nobodyknewwhatwouldhappenafterahundredyears.表达过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去未来时表示在当时看将会发生的事。e.g.ItwasonSundayafternoon,Tomwasgoingtostartworkth

27、efollowingweek.组成：1）助would(should)+v2）was/were+goingto+v真：1.Daddypromisedmehemeacomputer.AwasboughtBhadboughtCboughtDwouldbuy2.Theteachersaidshesomebookstotheclassintheafternoon.(08阳)AwouldbringBwillbringCbringDbrought3.JennysaidsheherholidayinChina.AspentBwouldspentCwasgoingtospentDwouldspend八、过去达成

28、时用法：1）表示在去某一或作以前已生或达成的作。在上表示“去的去”，常与by/before+去组成的介短用。e.g.Shesaidshehadseenthefilm4times.Bythetimetheyarrived,thebushadleft.2）常与before/when引的一般去的从句用。e.g.WhenMr.Ligottotheclassroom,allthestudentshadbegunreading.3）常出的状有till，untilthen等。e.g.Shetoldmeshehadbeenillrecently.4）表示从去某一开始向来延到去另一的作或状。常与for(后跟段)

29、或since(后跟点)等用。e.g.Shehadworkedinthisschoolsinceitopened25yearsago.组成：必定式：had+V_ed否认式：hadnt+V_ed疑式：Had+V_ed略回答：Yes,S+have/hashad.No,S+had真：1.Theteacherstheofficeforafewminuteswhenwearrived.Wedidntmeetthem.(09常州)AhadbeenawayfromBhadleftChavebeenawayfromDhaveleft2.TheyabouteighthundredEnglishwordsbythe

30、endoflastterm.(09广州)AwilllearnBhadlearnedCaregoingtolearnDhavelearned3.Mr.Wangdinnerwhenwegottohishouse.(07青岛)AhadboiledBhadmadeChadkept语态所谓语态，就是说明主语和谓语之间关系的一种动词形式。分两种形式：主动语态：句中的主语是动作的履行者或发出者。被动语态：句中的主语是动作的承受者或接受者。语态的考察是全国各地中考的热门，也是初中一定掌握的语法之一。我们要点学习被动语态。实质上,英语中的被动式就相当于汉语表达中的”把字句和被字句”.即:“把如何”；“被如何”初

31、中阶段我们学习的被动式构造，概括以下：一般此刻时的被动式：构造：am/is/are+Ved(过去分词）例句：Mybrotherasksmetocleanthewindows.主(动句句式)步骤：）找到主动句中的宾语，假如有双宾语（间宾直宾），把间宾作为被动句中的主语）确立主动句中的动词时态）对应变换为被动构造）有时，主动句中的主语在被动式中可省略被动式：Iamaskedtocleanthewindowsby（mybrother）.此刻达成式的被动式：构造：主语have/has+been+Ved.例句：Wehavefinishedourhomeworkalready.改：Ourhomeworkh

32、asbeenfinishedalready(byus)此刻进行时的被动式：构造：am/is/are+beingVed例句：Look,thestudentsareplayingbasketballintheopenair.Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudentsintheopenair.Iamaskedtocleanthewindowsby（mybrother）.此刻达成式的被动式：构造：主语have/has+been+Ved例.句：Wehavefinishedourhomeworkalready.改：Ourhomeworkhasbeenfinishedalrea

33、dy(byus)此刻进行时的被动式：构造：am/is/are+beingVed例句：Look,thestudentsareplayingbasketballintheopenair.Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudentsintheopenair.一般过去时的被动式：构造：was/were+Ved例句：Wecookedthelunchanhourago.改：Thelunchwascooked(byus)anhourago.Wedidntmakethemodelplane.Themodelplanewasntmadebyus.过去进行时的被动式：构造：was/were+being+Ved例句：HewaswatchingTVwhenIcalledhimlastnight.TVwasbeingwatchedbyhimwhenIcalledhimlastnight.过去达成式的被动式：构造：had+been+Ved例句：Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearnedabouteighthundredEng