英文单词主要变化规则(总结)

1、精选文档精选文档PAGEPAGE3精选文档PAGE英文单词的一些主要变化规则一、动词此刻分词的组成：3点一般动词在词尾加-ing,如read-reading,cook-cooking,climb-climbing.2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing,如make-making,type-typing,come-coming.3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词（词尾字母次序为辅元辅次序且重读的），双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing，如put-putting,run-running,begin-beginning,而look-looking词尾不是辅元辅次序，故不双写最后字母，sharpen-sha

2、rpening词尾字母无重读，也不双写最后字母。注：部分单词组成需特别记忆，如lie-lying.二、动词第三人称单数（三单）的组成：3点一般动词在词尾加-s,如like-likes,run-runs,live-lives,work-works.2.以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词，把y变成i,再加-es,如cry-cries,fly-flies,study-studies,而元音字母加-y结尾的动词，y不变，直接加-s,buy-buys.以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词，词尾加-es,如teach-teaches,wash-washes,fix-fixes,do-does.三、动词过去式组成：4

3、点一般动词词尾加-ed,如call-called,answer-answered,finish-finished.以e结尾的动词词尾加-d,如phone-phoned,believe-believed,agree-agreed.以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词，把y变成i,再加-ed,如cry-cried,try-tried,study-studied,而元音字母加-y结尾的动词，y不变，直接加-ed,如enjoy-enjoyed,play-played.(此条近似动词三单及名词变复数规则，而变换为此刻分词无此规则)以重读闭音节结尾的动词（词尾字母次序为辅元辅次序且重读的），双写最后一个字母再加-e

4、d,如stop-stopped,beg-begged,fit-fitted.(此条近似变换此刻分词)注:不规则动词的过去式组成需独自记忆，如say-said,do-did,go-went,come-came.四、动词过去分词的组成:4点动词过去分词的组成与动词过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词需独自记忆，如go-gone,come-come.五、名词变复数组成：5点一般名词词尾加-s,如friend-friends,case-cases,handbag-handbags,umbrella-umbrellas,以-ce,-se,-ze,ge不发音的e结尾的单词，相同是加-s,如license-li

5、censes,advantage-advantages.以s,x,ch,sh,和以辅音字母+o结尾有生命的名词，词尾加-es，如dress-dresses,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes,tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes,无生命的O结尾的名词仍直接加-s,如photo-photos，注意以元音字母加O结尾的词加-s.3.以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y变成i再加-es,如baby-babies,city-cities,但以元音字母加y结尾的单词仍直接加-s，如boy-boys,key-keys.以f,fe结尾的名词把f,fe变

6、成v,再加-es,如wife-wives,wolf-wolves.Man,woman及以其结尾的名词，把man变成men,woman变成women,如policeman-policemen,policewoman-policeweman.注：不规则名词的复数组成需独自记忆，如tooth-teeth,child-children六、形容词比较级及最高等规则单音节词：4点1一般状况下单词后加-er,-est.2以e结尾的单词后加-r,-st.3以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y变成i再加-er,-est.4以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，双写辅音字母再加-er,-est.双音节及多音节词：比较级前加more

7、,最高等前加most,如beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful,expensive-moreexpensive-mostexpensive,famous-morefamous-mostfamous.七、形容词变副词规则：6点（一般直接加ly，元(e)去e加，辅(y)改i加，le结尾e改y）1一般状况下直接加ly，如：quickquickly;politepolitely;sadsadly;immediateimmediately;recentrecently2少量以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。如：true-truly;due-duly，绝大部分辅音字

8、母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly，如：polite-politely;wide-widely;wise-wisely;nice-nicely3以个y结尾的，且读音为/i/，先将y改成i，再加ly，如：happyhappily;heavyheavily;angryangrily;busybusily，可是假如读音为/ai/，直接加ly，如：dry-dryly;sly-slyly;shyshyly4以ic结尾的词，加ally，如：economiceconomically;basicbasically;scientificscientifically;automaticautomatically;energeticenergetically5以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y，如：simplesimply;considerableconsiderably;terribleterribly;gentlegently;possiblepossibly;probableprobably;incredibleincredibly，元音字母加le时加ly，如：sole-solely，可是whole-wholly例外。6以-ll结尾时，只须加y，如：dulldully;shrillshrilly注意:有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：friendly