法律英语常用词汇以和表达方式翻译市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、惯用词汇以及表示方式翻译第1页概 要一、概述二、“otherwise”以及对应搭配翻译三、 “subject to ” 翻译四、“for the purposes of-” 翻译五、“provided that-”翻译六、“where”翻译七、相关英汉法律法规名称互译第2页概 述示例1: For the purposes of subsection (3), permission shall be in the form of a thirty (30) business day prior notice in writing.译文1: 为第三款目标,许可必须提前30个营业日以书面通知形式做出

2、。译文2: 就第3款而言，必须提前30营业日以书面通知形式做出许可。示例2: 借款人未偿还本协议项下任何一笔贷款，贷款人有权向借款人收取约定年利率150%罚息 。译文1：If the Borrower does not repay any loan under this Agreement, the Lender has the right to charge the Borrower the penalty interest at a rate of 150% of the stipulated annual interest.译文2: Where the Borrower fails to

3、 repay any loan under this Agreement, the Lender has the right to charge the Borrower the penalty interest at a rate of 150% of the stipulated annual interest.示例3: 本目录上商品价格和规格以我方最终确认为准。译文1: The price and specification of the goods in this catalogue shall be determined by our final confirmation.译文2:

4、The price and specification of the goods in this catalogue shall be subject to our final confirmation.第3页概 述法律英语惯用句式或短语神秘与艰涩，原因在于：1. 有虽来自生活,却”脱离生活”。如“for the purposes of ” (示例1), 在法律英语中,与详细法律条款连用,就表示 “就-而言、基于-” 等含义。如 “where” (示例2), 常在汉英翻译中用作 “”含义。2.有基本只限于法律领域,纯属 “法言法语”。示例4：The matters in dispute ari

5、sing from this Contract or in connection with performance hereof shall be referred to arbitration as hereinbefore defined.译文：因协议产生或与协议推行相关争议事项，应按前所要求，提请仲裁。示例5：Unless( it is) otherwise arranged by and between Parties to this Contract, any Party must not by reference to any Contract terms exclude or r

6、estrict any liability of his breach hereof.译文：除非协议各方另有安排，任何一方不得援引任何协议条款排除或限制其违约责任。第4页概 述为何要归纳总结惯用短语或句式？1. 符正当律翻译 “重复就是美”标准（consistency and identity)。Henry Weihofen: “-Exactness often demands repeating the same term to express the same idea. Where that is true, never be afraid of using the same term

7、over and over again. Many more sentences are spoiled by trying to avoid repetition than by repetition.”目标：保持术语习语相同句式译文保持法律精度。2. 提升翻译效率。第5页二、“otherwise”以及对应搭配翻译“otherwise is used in Legal English in the way as follows:1、 置于由“UNLESS” 之后,普通译为“除-另有-外”或“-另有-除外”。 示例6：Unless the law provides otherwise, the

8、 Seller has the obligation to guarantee that no third party shall claim rights against the Buyer over the target matter delivered subject to the Shipment Notice. 译文：除法律另有要求外，出卖人就依照装运通知交付标物，负有确保第三人不得向买受人主张任何权利义务(有义务确保第三人不得向买受人主张任何权利)。示例7：Unless this Contract prescribes otherwise, the manager of the p

9、ledged Goods shall not use or operate or permit such use or operation of said pledged Goods by a third party.译文：除本协议另有要求外，质押物管理人不得使用或操作，或允许第三方使用或操作质押物。示例8：Unless otherwise stipulated, the attorney, as the perennial consultant appointed by Party B to represent Party A, has no obligation to render any

10、 legal service to employees of Party A.译文：除非另有约定，作为乙方为甲方指派法律顾问，律师无义务为甲方职员提供法律服务。示例9： Unless otherwise agreed in writing by and between Parties hereto, Party A shall pay Party B the above charges for attorneys legal service in a lump sum within thirty days commencing from the date on which this Contr

11、act comes into effect. 译文：除双方另有书面协议外，甲方应在协议生效之日起30天内向乙方一次性支付前述律师费。 此种结构普通为：“Unless + law +states/provides +otherwise” or “Unless + contract +stipulates/arranges +otherwise.或者为：” Unless + otherwise + stated/provided (+by-)” 第6页二、“otherwise”以及对应搭配翻译2.置于与“OR”之后，译作“其它-” ，详细内容视“OR”之前结构而定。 示例10：If two or

12、more persons are defendants to a claim for compensation, as partners or otherwise(=other identity), a process may be served on any of them .译文：假如有2名或以上人以合作人或者其它身份作为赔偿请求被告，法律程序文书可送达其中任何一人 。 示例11：任何人使用恐吓、怂恿或以其它伎俩诱使证人或一方当事人不作证，即属违法。译文：Any person who by threats, persuasion or otherwise (=other means) in

13、duces a witness or a party not to give evidence commits an offence.第7页三、“subject to”翻译“subject to” used in Legal English in the way as follows:1. 与法律文件名称或法条连用,通常译作“按照-、依据-、受-限制/约束、见-”等。示例11：Subject to this section ,an repossession of the Pledged Property by the Party A from Party B shall be subject

14、to such conditions as are prescribed by the Pledge Agreement.译文：依据本条要求，甲方从乙方收回质押物须受质押协议要求条件限制（或甲方应依照质押协议要求条件从乙方收回质押物）。示例12：合营企业各方权利义务见本协议第8条要求。译文： Rights and obligations of Parties to this Equity Joint Venture shall be subject to Art.8 hereof.2. 在法律英语其它场所，围绕“取决于、受制于、受-约束” 基本意义，应做灵活处理。示例13：货物数量可由卖方选择

15、作出5%上下浮动。 译文1：Seller has the right to decide a variation of 5% plus or minus of Goods quantity. 译文2：Quantity of Goods shall be subject to a variation of 5% plus or minus at Sellers option. 示例14：Subject to the other partys written consent, this contract period may be extended. 译文：经另一方书面同意，可延长本协议期限。第8

16、页四、 “for the purposes of-” 翻译1、翻译为“为-目标” （汉译英法律文本中多见）示例15:有以下情形之一，以非法占有为目标，在签署、推行协议过程中，骗取对方财物，-，处三年以下有期徒刑。.译文: Whoever, for the purpose of illegal possession, uses one of the following means during signing or performing a contract to obtain property and goods of the opposite party by fraud, -, is to

17、 be sentenced to no more than three years of fixed-term imprisonment.示例16:为提升合营企业技术水平和产品质量，扩大合营企业产品在中国以及海外市场销售，进而为合营企业各方创造最正确利润,甲乙双方特签立本协议。 译文:This Contract is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B for the purposes of improving this JVs technological level and product quality, pro

18、moting this JVs products in Chinese market and overseas market , and creating the optimum profits for Parties to this JV. 注意，这种使用方法不妥，要表示“为目标” 或“出于目标” 而使用“for the purpose (s) of -”比较少见，普通使用“for”或者“in order to”。示例17: This contract is entered into by and between Party A and Party B as follows in order

19、 to arrange the matters in respect of the loan provided by Party A to Party B for the purchase of the target goods.译文: 为安排相关甲方向乙方提供购置标货物贷款事宜，甲乙双方订立协议以下。小结：之所以提议用“for”或者“in order to”，是因为“for the purpose (s) -” 在英语法律文本中使用方法通常不作“为-目标”讲。 第9页四、 “for the purposes of-” 翻译2.译为“就-而言”，或“为了施行或实施-” 示例18: For th

20、e purposes of subsection 8.5 hereof, permission shall be in the form of a thirty (30) business day prior notice in writing - .译文:就本协议第8.5款而言，许可必须提前30天以书面通知形式做出-。示例19：For the purpose of this law, “invention creation” means inventions ,utility models and designs. (Patent Act of PRC, Art.2) 译文:就本法而言/为施

21、行本法，创造创造指创造、实用新型和外观设计。 小结：该短语恰当译法是“就-而言”，或“为施行-（法律条款名），尤其在其后跟详细法规编号时，最好可译为“就该（法规编号，比如第几条、款、章）而言”。 第10页五、“provided that”翻译1.普通使用方法，译作“在-条件下、假如”，等同于“if”.示例20:Provided that there is no opposition in writing by both Parties hereto at the expiration of its term, this Contract shall be renewed automatical

22、ly for one year. 译文:如协议到期时双方均未提出书面反对，则协议自动顺延一年。示例21：如受要约人超出承诺期限做出承诺，除要约人及时通知受要约人该承诺有效外，为新要约。译文:Provided that the offeree makes an acceptance beyond the time limit for acceptance, it shall constitute a new offer unless the offeror notifies the offeree in time that the acceptance is effective. 第11页五、“

23、provided that”翻译2. 放在某主句之后，以分号与主句隔开，表示与之前陈说相反“例外”，译成“但，不过” 。法律英语中称为“但书” 。示例22：The interest rate applicable to each loan hereunder shall be the interest rate stipulated herein; provided that we have the right, in the manner as we deem appropriate, to adjust it from to time to the extent permitted by

24、the applicable laws or regulations. 译文：该协议项下每一笔贷款利率以该协议约定利率为准，但我方有权在法律法规允许范围内，以本方认为适当方式不时调整利率。示例23：被许可方无权对被许可商标侵权行为提起诉讼，但许可方可采取诉讼或其它方式阻止实际发生该类侵权行为。译文： The Licensee has no right to start any action against the infringement on the Licensed Trademark ; provided that the Licensor may prosecute or otherw

25、ise to prevent such actual infringement. 小结：“provided that ” 作为但书使用场所远远多于其作为 “假如”讲时使用场所。作为“假如”来讲，正式词很多，有“where” ，“in the event that ” ，“in case that”，“in case of” 等，而取代“but”含义，在法律英语中主要只有 “provided that” ，作为“但书”讲时，“provided that ”被大量使用。 第12页六. “where”翻译1.在法律英语语篇当中， “where”经常表示“假如” 之义,引导条件从句，正式程度高于 “i

26、f ”，英译汉时，通常做“凡-”或“-”讲，而汉译英时，表示“-”，“如-”意义时，可考虑使用这个词，也能够使用“in case that-, in the event that-“等表示方式。示例24: Where the Borrower does not repay any loan under this Agreement, the Lender has the right to charge the penalty interest from the Borrower at a rate of 150% of the stipulated annual Interest Rate.

27、译文:借款人未偿还本协议下任何一笔贷款，贷款人有权向借款人收取约定年利率150%罚息。 示例25:有以下情形之一，本协议应解除：(a) 甲方或乙方提前30天书面通知解除；(b) 丙方未完全推行协议约定义务，经甲方或乙方合理催告后仍拒不推行。译文:In any of the following circumstances, this Agreement may be rescinded(a). Where Party A or Party B issues a thirty (30) day prior written notice to rescind this Agreement;(b).

28、Where Party C fails to fulfill its obligations in full hereunder and still refuses to fulfill aforesaid obligations after being reasonably urged by Party A or Party B.第13页表示“”其它选择在汉语法律文本中 ,“-”结构表示条件,可能在其中出现满足此条件行为者,也可能省略：1.出现满足此条件行为者。示例26: Where any Party hereto fails to redress its breach within th

29、irty days commencing from receiving the other Partys written notice requiring so, the non-breaching Party has right to rescind this Contract and claim for damages.译文:任何一方在收到对方要求其纠正违约行为书面通知之日起30日内未予纠正,非违约方有权解除协议并要求取得损害赔偿.2. 未出现满足此条件行为者,只强调行为本身。示例27:符合以下条件，可参加执业律师资格考试。译文: Whoever /Anyone who meets the

30、 following requirements may take the examination for the qualification of a licensed lawyer.示例28: 有以下情形之一，不得注册为执业医师-。译文: No one who is found in one of the following circumstances shall be registered as a licensed doctor-.第14页七.相关英汉法律法规名称翻译法规名称 参考英译法 act :立法机关制订之法（详细），law（抽象）条例 ordinance:指地方立法机构颁布地方性

31、法规; regulation:行政机关制订颁布条例、规则。要求 provisions方法 measures实施细则 implementing rules暂行要求 interim provisions试行方法 trial measures通知 notice/circular意见 opinions 示例29：“关于西部大开发若干政策方法实施意见”译文：“Opinions on the Implementation of Certain Policies for the Development of the Western Region”示例30：“中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法”译文：“ Law

32、 of the Peoples Republic of China on Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Venture”示例31: “反倾销条例”译文： “Anti-dumping Regulations”第15页课后翻译作业Please translate the following sentences into Chinese.(1) Unless otherwise stated herein, Buyer shall be deemed to have waived his right to assert any claim if Buyer fails to n

33、otify Seller of full details of the defective Goods within the period specified above.参考译文：除非合同另有规定，若买方在上述规定时限内未能通知卖方有关瑕疵产品完整细节，则视其放弃提出索赔权利。 (2) Any plan for profit distribution of JV shall be subject to the approval of the board of directors of JV. 参考译文：合营企业任何利润分配方案均需合营企业董事会批准。(3) The party in breach shall assume the liability for breach by making monetary compensation or otherwise. 参考译文：违约方应做出金钱赔偿或以其他方式负担违约责任。 (4) For the purposes of Clause 9.1 hereof, Goods refers to