2021-2022学年兰州大学高三下学期一模考试英语试题含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1The battery in my cell phone is running low.I that last night before we went to bed.Awas noticingBhave noticedC

2、would noticeDhad noticed2- Is it convenient to you if I call you up at 9 oclock tomorrow morning?- Im afraid not. I _ a meeting then.Awill have attendedBwas attendingCwill be attendingDam attending3_ gas prices are rising, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around.ANow that BEven ifCA

3、lthough DUnless4The conditions in the local school were fairly _, no electricity and no basic teaching facilities available.AuniqueBtypicalCPrimitiveDStable5What actually _ the accident has not yet been determined.Abrought outBbrought onCbrought aboutDbrought up6The children wrote magical stories to

4、gether, _ imaginary worlds of romantic and military adventure.Ato spinBspinningChaving spunDto have spun7- Mom, I m going to the graduation dance tonight but I don t think I look attractive enough. Oh, darling, don t worry. _AThey dont know what beauty is. BNobody will care about it.CYou look perfec

5、t the way you are. DImpossible is nothing,8-.We didnt find the Blacks during the lecture. - No one had told them about _ a lecture. Athere to be Bthere being Cthere be Dthere was9What made them miss the deadline was not their lack of funding, but _ their lack of planning.AevenBstillCratherDever10-Ho

6、w did she lose so much weight as expected？-_ eating less，she jogged for several miles every day.AIn addition toBIn spite ofCInstead ofDThanks to11The problem with the current system allows anyone to commit a similar crime without . It needs to be fixed.Abeing punished BpunishedCto punish Dpunishing1

7、2I wouldnt have missed the train if I _ up earlier.AgotBhad gotCwill getDhave got13Why do many students stick to private tutoring _ they could easily master such knowledge at school?AunlessBbeforeCafterDwhen14Mr Johnson, I have something I would like to trouble you with._. Just tell me what I can do

8、.AYou have my word BDont give me thatCYou can say that again DDont stand on ceremony15The people in the village are so _ that they are willing to help every visitor.AoptimisticBenergeticCenthusiasticDambitious16Peter is helping set tables in the hall, where Johns birthday party _.Ais holding Bhas he

9、ldCis held Dwill be held17What a pity! You missed my birthday party.Terribly sorry!_my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.AShouldBWouldCHadDDid18Justin a book about his adventures in TibetI hope he can find a good publisher when it is finishedAwas writingBis currently writingChas already writtenDwrot

10、e19When all is said and done, there doesnt seem to be _ a mystery to explain.Akind ofBclose toCfar fromDmuch of20British scientists have produced _ they believe is the worlds smallest Christmas cardAwhichBwhoCthatDwhat第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）Weighing too much can damag

11、e your health,and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world.Sleep might be one answer to the problem.A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds. Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weigh

12、ing more,but scientists have had a tough time determining which came first,the chicken or the egg, says Julie CLumeng of the university of Michigan in Ann Arbor.In other words,it hasnt been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping,or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain.Both

13、 scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.To get a better idea of which causes which,Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States.The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year.Three years later,the parents answered

14、 the same questions.By sixth grade ,18percent of kids involved in the study were obese.The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students race or gender.It also didnt matter how strict their parents were,or whether they were boys orgirls.Obesity struck all of these groups equally.I

15、nstead,sleep seemed to be the key factor.Over the three years of study,the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of sleepa night.Some kids,however,slept a lot moreor less than others.For the sixth graders,every hour of sleep above the 9.5houraverage was linked toa 20 percent lower risk of being obes

16、e.Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders.Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity.1、What does the underlined sentence on paragraph 2 imply?AScientists have found the exact causes of childrens obesity.BThere is always something difficult to understa

17、nd through theoryCThe causeeffect relationship between weight and sleep isnt clear.DA persons weight has something to do with the amount of his sleep.2、What did the interview find out?A9.5 hours of sleep a night is enough for children.BThe more a child sleeps,the healthier he will be.CSixth graders

18、need much more sleep than third graders.DOnes race or gender has nothing to do with his weight.3、How does the author develop the passage?ABy listing figures BBy comparing different opinionsCBy providing examples DBy conducting a survey4、What is the suitable title for the passage?AThe benefits of eno

19、ugh sleep for childrenBSleeping less increases the risk of obesityCWhich comes first,little sleep or obesityDHow many hours of sleep do children need?22（8分）The guzheng is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. It belongs to the zither（齐特琴）family of string instruments. It is the parent of many mus

20、ical instruments of some other countries.The guzheng should not be confused with the guqin, another ancient Chinese zither but without bridges. Now the guzheng is zither with movable bridges and usually 21 strings, although it can have from 15-25 strings. The guzhengs strings were formerly made of s

21、ilk, though most players used metal strings by the 20th century. Since the mid-20th century most performers use steel strings. The guzheng has a large resonant cavity（共振腔）.The guzheng has existed since the Warring States Period and became especially popular during the Qin dynasty. The number of stri

22、ngs on the guzheng has always fluctuated. There were as few as 6 to as many as 23 strings during the Tang dynasty. The earliest record of the guzheng belonged to the historian Sima Qian. Until 1961, the common guzheng had 16 strings, although by the mid-20th century 18-string guzheng were also in us

23、e. In 1961, Xu Zhenggao, together with Wang Xunzhi, introduced the first 21-string guzheng after two years of research and development. In 1960, they also invented the “S-shaped” left string rest, which was quickly adopted by all guzheng makers and is still used today. This curve allows for greater

24、ease in tuning the strings and, combined with strings of different thickness, allows for greater resonance in both the deeper and the higher pitch（音调）ranges. The 21-string guzheng is the most commonly used one, but some traditional musicians still use the 16-string one.1、We can infer from Paragraph

25、1 that _.Athe guzheng is a musical instrument originating from JapanBthere is only one kind of string instrument in ChinaCthere are many kinds of guzheng in the worldDmany musical instruments in other countries are related to the guzheng2、Which of the following material may NOT have been used to mak

26、e the strings of the guzheng probably?ASilk BSteelCWood DCopper3、The underlined word “fluctuated” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_”.Ajumped BchangedCflowed Dwaved4、Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?AThe guqing is an ancient Chinese zither with bridges.BThe guzhen

27、g became espevially popular in the Tang DynastyCAll musicians dont use the 21-string guzheng.DXu Zhenggao invented the “S-shaped” left string rest himself.23（8分）Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example, on a doo

28、rbell. But some buttons are actually fake (假的), like the “close” button on a lift.Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they dont have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the US the doors will not

29、close any faster no matter how hard you press.It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the

30、 door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.But to normal lift riders, the buttons arent completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.“A sense of control is very important. It reduces stress and increa

31、ses well-being,” said Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor at Harvard University. Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either. Pressing them used to help make t

32、he traffic signals change faster, but that was before computer controlled traffic signals were introduced.But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is

33、considered to be worth the effort.1、What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo analyze the functions of fake buttons. BTo describe different fake buttons.CTo explore various habits of pushing buttons. DTo explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.2、What can we learn about the “close” button

34、s on a lift in America?AThey work when people press them hard. BThey were designed for a sense of control.CThey never speed up the door-closing process. DThey take the safety of the disabled into account.3、What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?AThey can make people feel better. BThey

35、help computers work faster.CThey can control the traffic signals. DThey help pedestrians cross safely.4、Which may be the best title for the passage?AButtons in the USA BButtons Always LieCButtons May not Work D“Close” Buttons on Lifts24（8分） One of my neighbors used to have a beautiful tree in her fr

36、ont yard. Her dad had planted it for her when it was nothing more than a twig(树枝) and several years later it started to shoot towards the sky with amazing speed. Soon it blessed her with cooling shade in the summer and glorious, golden leaves in the fall.When the two-day snowstorm struck our town, h

37、eavy snow fell on the trees branches that were still full of leaves. The weight split that lovely tree down the middle. It was so sad seeing half of it laying on the ground after the storm. When I talked to my neighbor later, she said that the damage had been too much and that the entire tree would

38、have to be cut down. Thankfully she had saved a few saplings(树苗) from it that she hoped to replant in the future.Still, it was a shock to drive by her house the other day and see nothing but a stump in her front yard. I missed that tree. I missed its beauty, its leaves shinning in the afternoon sun.

39、 I missed seeing its limbs reach towards the heavens. I thought that the stump would be a sad reminder of its loss for a long time to come. My wonderful neighbor, though, had another plan. When I drove by her home today I saw a tiny bird feeder sitting on that stump and a colorful songbird having it

40、s dinner. It was such an affirmation of life. It was such a joy to see. I could feel my heart smile.Life by its very nature is a mixed bag. It hands us beauty and tragedy, love and loss, pleasure and pain. What we do with it, however, is up to us. We can let it split us in two, or we can use even it

41、s hardest times to make our souls stronger and our hearts more loving. We can spend it complaining or we can use it to help others.1、We know from the first paragraph that _.Athe tree grew very slowlyBthe tree was so strong that it could bear any weightCthe tree showed its beauty and benefitsDthe aut

42、hors neighbor was good at planting trees2、The authors neighbor left a stump in her front yard to use it as _.Aa good reminderBa place to feed birdsCa seat after dinnerDa beautiful sculpture3、What does the author mainly want to show in the passage?ALife is determined by our attitude towards it.BLife

43、consists of pain and suffering.CLife has beauty and tragedy.DLife should be pleasant rather than painful.25（10分）The year 2117 will be an eventful one for art. In May of that year in Berlin, the philosopher-artist Jonathon Keats “century cameras” cameras with a 100-year-long exposure (曝光)timewill be

44、brought back from hiding places around the city to have their results developed and exhibited. Six months after that, the Future Library in Oslo, Norway, will open its doors for the first time, presenting 100 books printed on the wood of trees planted in the distant past of 2017.As Katie Paterson, t

45、he creator of the Future Library, puts it: “Future Library is an artwork for future generations.” These projects, more than a century in the making, are part of a new wave of slow art intended to push viewers and Participants to think beyond their own lifetimes. They aim to challenge todays short-te

46、rm thinking and the brief attention spans of modern consumers, forcing people into considering works more deliberately. In their way, too, they are fighting against modern culturenot just regarding money, but also the way in which artistic worth is measured by attention.In a similar fashion, every A

47、pril on Slow Art Day, visitors are encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a timea tough task for the average museum visitor, who typically spends less than30seconds on each piece of art.Like the Future Library, the century cameras are very much a project for cities, since its in

48、cities that time runs fastest and the pace of life is fastest. “Since I started living in a city, Ive somehow been quite disconnected,” Anne Beate Hovind, the Future Library project manager, who described how working on the library drew her back to the Pace of life she knew when she was growing up o

49、n a farm in her youth, told The Atlantic magazine.1、According to the first paragraph, what will NOT happenin2117?AA camera which was produced 100 years ago will be exhibited.BThe Future Library will be0pen to the public for the first time.CPhotos with a 100-year exposure time will be developed and e

50、xhibited.DBooks printed on the wood of trees planted in 2017 will be displayed.2、What can we learn about todays peoples attitude toward works of art?AThey consider works deliberately.BThey spend little time on Works.CThey spend much money 0n works.DThey stare at works for 10 minutes at a time.3、What

51、 is the purpose of the wave of slow art?ATo advocate creating works of art slowly.BTo protect works of art from being damaged.CTo promote works of art for modern culture.DTo encourage people to pay more attention to works of art.4、How would Anne Beate Hovind feel about the city life?AIts discouragin

52、gBIts dullCIts developed.DIts busy第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） Axel Winch was born nearly 13 weeks prematurely(早产地). He 1 2 pounds, 12 ounces and had bleeding in his brain, vision and hearing 2 . After a week in the 3 in Grand Junction, where p

53、arents Melissa and Adam Winch live, he 4 a life-threatening intestinal(肠道的) condition. Doctors 5 to airlift(空运) Axel and Melissa more than 200 miles to Childrens Hospital in Aurora.His health remained 6 over the next few weeks as his lungs shut down. “There were many times we didnt think he was goin

54、g to 7 .” Adam said. 8 , support was on the way. Melissa, 39, is a police officer. The police department in Grand Junction 9 officers in Aurora. Soon, members of the Aurora police department 10 the hospital with offers of help. One brought them banana bread. A detective gave the 11 a place to stay.B

55、ut then things got 12 again. After weeks of caring for Axel in Aurora, the couple had to briefly return to Grand Junction on two separate 13 . First, their house had been under contract and they had to 14 in two days. The second time, Melissas 15 had run out, so she had to return to work for a few d

56、ays. They hated having to abandon their son, who had improved but was still facing 16 surgeries.“We were afraid he was going to die while we were gone,” Adam says. Aurora police Mike set up a 17 for his officers to spend time with Axelwhen his 18 couldnt he there. They 19 the parents photos of thems

57、elves asleep with Axel and updates from the nurses. After four months in the hospital, Axel was 20 enough to go home.1、AlostBmeasuredCweighedDgained2、AmistakesBproblemsCsystemsDaids3、AhospitalBfamilyCprisonDchurch4、AdeterminedBchangedCimprovedDdeveloped5、AdecidedBpromisedCwaitedDhoped6、AstableBsafeC

58、dangerousDharmful7、AplayBliveCworkDstudy8、AGraduallyBObviouslyCProperlyDFortunately9、AcontactedBfiredCpraisedDpersuaded10、AescapedBleftCfloodedDshut11、AteamBchildCcoupleDpoliceman12、AcorrectBtoughCnormalDeasy13、AareasBclassesCoccasionsDgroups14、Amove outBbreak downCpull inDstay up15、AideaBluckCenerg

59、yDleave16、AopenBfurtherCpreviousDquiet17、AhouseBcompanyCscheduleDlibrary18、AclassmatesBfriendsCteachersDparents19、AhandedBaskedCtextedDreturned20、AstrongBbraveCfastDconfident第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate 1 a

60、really old man with huge bags sat down across from me. I said hello 2 him, smiling sweetly and then I suddenly thought, “Why not offer him a piece of chocolate？” So I did. He was quite 3(surprise), but accepted and thanked me. He said that people didnt usually do things like this for 4(strange) and