英美报刊选读答案

1、英美报刊选读一、教课目标经过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个清楚的认识，认识英美报刊语言、文体、词汇、语法等基本特色，掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧，为独立阅读英美报刊打下优秀的基础。二、教材特色与该课程旧教材（第1版）对比，本教材拥有以下特色：1为使学生改变过去依靠教师和英汉字典的学习习惯，培育他们单独调解疑难词语的能力，编者不只向他们介绍工具书，并教授他们使用方法；为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆，还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。2为使学生掌握必需的新闻词语和扩大词汇量，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量联合课文，讲透疑难词语。别的还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容相关的课外词汇。3为使学生掌握必需的读

2、报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量联合课文，介绍重要的并经常有诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等，并举例说明其重要性。4为使学生对新闻写作有一个大概的认识，加深对课文的理解，编者较系统地说明标题的若干特色，对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特色及常语等做了简介。三、教课内容英美报刊选读为省开课程。1讲课内容：要点为第1、3、4、5、6、8、13、15、17、19、20、21、24、28、30课（共15课），其余内容主要供自学。2课时安排：学员自学：2学时/周，共30学时学完15课。b)面授指导：4学时/次，共4次。每学时指导一课，最后一学时复习。3作业：共四次，在湖北电大网站英语本科网页上下载，课后达成，

3、交指导教师批阅，评分，作为平常成绩的主要依照。学员达成作业后，可阅读网页上的“答案及详解”，以加深理解，检查自己掌握的状况四、教课建议教师讲课时应以学生为中心，鼓舞学生自己去探究和获得知识。在上课时，可要修业生先回答每课后的练习题Questions,使他们基本认识课文的主要内容。而后，再逐段或跳跃式选段对学生需要掌握的内容、新闻词语和背景知识进行阅读和问答式方式解说。假如备课充分，学生的英语水平又高，教员可采纳美英教员教授母语的方法，抛开课本或讲义，只讲相关课文的要点词语、背景知识和写作手法等。这样，学生除预习外，课后还要联合教员在讲堂上所讲的内容好好复习课文。这两种讲课方式的利处是，使学生经

4、过自学（指预习）和教师的指导，自己主动去掌握知识。与以教员为中心的灌注式教课方式对比，学生更能巩固所学，并使他们此后更能发挥学习潜能。别的，这也使有的教员挣脱了那种课文说明那么详尽而感觉在讲堂上没有多少可讲的被动地位和场面。自然，这不过自己的实践和见解。我相信在调换学生主动学习的踊跃性方面还有更多、更好的教课法。.考试说明“英美报刊选读”期末考试题型介绍1报刊名称及常有报刊词汇英译汉：十小题，每题2分，共20分内容以指导书的附录为主.2阅读理解：2篇文章，选自作业题，选择题或判断题，共40分。3阅读与翻译：一篇文章，选自教材要点课目练习，共40分。问答题：20分。2).段落英译汉：20分。.课

5、程指导英美报刊选读指导一NewspapersandHeadlinesDoyouhavethehabitofreadingnewspapersinEnglishWhatnewspapersdoyouliketoreadThefollowingisalistofthemajornewspapersinBritainandtheUnitedStates.ThemajornewspapersinBritainDailiesSundaysTheTimesNewsoftheWorldTheGuardianTheObserverFinancialTimesTheSundayPeopleTheDailyTel

6、egraphSundayMirrorDailyExpressTheSundayTelegraphDailyMailTheSundayTimesDailyMirrorThemajordailynewspapersintheUnitedStatesNewYorkTimesUSATodayWashingtonPostChicagoDailyTribuneLosAngelesTimesDetroltNewsWallStreetJournalNewYorkDailyNewsChristianScienceMonitorNewspapers,alongwithreportingthenews,instru

7、ct,entertain,andgiveopinions.Anewspaperhasseparatesections:worldnews,nationalandlocalnews,sports,business,entertainment,opinions,comics,classifiedads,etc.Youcanbeabetterreaderifyouknowwhattoexpectinaexample,whenyoureadanewspaperyouusuallylookquicklyatheadlinesfirst.Newspaperheadlineshavealanguageoft

8、heirownanditisnecessarytolearnaboutreadthefollowingheadlines:MoscowofficialwoundedbygunmenEarthquakerocksTurkeyHusbandtosuewifeBoyoncliffrescuedYoungSudaneserefugeesenduredfamine,separationsfromfamilyFromabovewecanseetwoprominentfeaturesofEnglishnewspaperheadlines:Headlinesarealmostalwaysinthepresen

9、ttenseandevenfutureeventsareputinthepresenttense。Headlinesgenerallyomitunnecessarywords,especiallyarticlesandtheverbtoisoftenreplacedbyacomma.Newspaperheadlinescanbeclassifiedintoseveraltypes:Straightheadlinesgiveyouthemaintopicofthearethemostcommontypeofheadlineandaretheeasiesttounderstand.Snowhasc

10、hillingeffectsonSouthClintonoffersBushadvice.Headlinesthataskaquestion,reportafuturepossibilityoroffersomedoubtaboutthetruthoraccuracyofthestory.CantechnologyfixballotwoesDomarketanalystshavebadaimorbadintentionsHeadlinesthatcontainaquotationwhichisimportantorwhichshowsthatastatementisnotproven.Moth

11、er:Letmybabygo“Wewontquit”Doubleheadlinesaretwo-partheadlinesforthesamestoryandareoftenusedformajorevents.HowExpressbrokediplomaticsilenceHUSHUP-ON“SPY”ENVOYSFeatureheadlinesareusedforstoriesthatareeitherhighlyunusualorforsuchstoriestrytobeascleveraspossibletocatchthereadersinterest.Teletubblesmaker

12、seeksfundsforexpansionDeadstudentfellunderthecrushduringclashes英美报刊选读指导二UnderstandingHeadlineVocabularyEnglishnewspaperheadlinesuseaspecialheadlinecontractsalotofinformationintoashortspaceandhenceinheadlinesweoftenseeShortwordsusedinsteadoflongones.aid=assistbare=exposeorreveal;blast=explodeprobe=in

13、vestigationwoo=seektowinAbbreviationssuchasshortnameswhichcanbeusedwhentheyarelikelytobeidentifiedbytheinitialsareusedwheneverpossible.Close-uponWILL(WILL=WillamShakespeare)Yardsmashairportgang(Yard=ScotlandYard)MPslamshospitaldelay(MP=memberofParliament)shortenedwordsandslang.Weeklymagforstamplover

14、stobelaunched(mag=magazine)Brflyintostormoverplgeonban(Br=Britain)Olivierdenies“blackmail”jibe(jibe=aninsultingattack)Thefollowingisalistofwordswiththeirbefamillarwiththesewords.WordCommonheadlinemeaningExamplAccordagreementAccordpossibletodaycommonheadlinetoAirtomakeknownTVairs“facts”onarmsdelivery

15、AssailtocriticizestronglyRussassailsUSonA-testsAxetodismissfromajobGovernortoaxeaideBacktosupportAlgeriabacksdecisiontoignoredollarBalktorefusetoacceptUnionbalksatcourtorderBarnottoallowClubfacesshutdownforbarringwomenBidattemptBidtoopenborderofferUnionrejectslatestbidBilktocheatClerkbilkscompanyof$

16、1mBlast(noun)explosion;strongcriticismTankerblastnearManila(verb)criticizestronglyMPblastsdemocratsstrikewithexplosivesblazefireBlazekillsthreecitementionManagementciteslaborunrestforshutdownclaimtodeclaretobetrueManclaimsghostsightingclaim(claimtokillBombsclaim40thelifeof)clash(noun)battle;disputeM

17、arinediesinclash(verb)disagreestrongly;fightMayorclasheswithcitycouncilcooluninterested;unfriendlyMoscowcooltoaidoffercurblimit;controlSundaydrivingcurbsplanneddeadlockadisagreementthatJurydeadlockinkidnaptrialcannotbesettleddriveastrongwell-plannedeffortCancerdriveexceedsgoaldueeyevotebyagroupforap

18、articularpurposeexpectedGreekFMduetodaytowatchwithinterestWomensgroupseyecourteasetoreduceorloosenRomeeasesmartiallawevethedaybeforeViolenceindependenceoneveoffaulttofindinthewrongStudyfaultspolicefeuddispute;Borderfeuddangertoregionalpeaceflayfoefoilgripgutstrongdisagreementaccuse;criticizestrongly

19、USflaysRussiaopponent;enemyClintontalkswithcongressionalfoestopreventfromsucceedingFBIfollsbidtohijackplanetoIrantotakeholdofCholerafeargripsJapantodestroycompletelybyfireYearsbiggestfireguts178homesheadofftopreventPresidentheadsoffrailstrikeheistholdinktheftJewelheistfoiledkeepinpolicecontrol;7held

20、forsmugglingarresttosignThailand,MalaysiainkseatreatykeyveryimportantkickofftobeginlashoutcriticizeGovkeyvoteFieryspeechkicksoffcampaignstrongly;CollegeheadslashoutatNUSaccuselaudtopraiselineposition;demandlaunchtobeginlinkconnectedtoloomexpectedinthenearPMlaudscommunityspiritIsraelsoftenslinePolice

21、launchanti-drugdriveFunguslinkedtomysterydiseasTreatydisputeloomingfutureloot(noun)stolenmoneyorgoodsPolicerecoverloot(verb)unlawfultakingawayofRioterslootstoresgoodsvaluablenabtocaptureGangleadernabbednettotakepossessionof;Customschecknetsover$2mcapturenodapprovalMinisterseeksnodforoilsavingplanoff

22、iceanimportantgovernmentMinisterquits,tiredofofficepositionoptchoose;decideSwissopttobacktaxforchurchesousttotakepowerawayfromVotersoustincumbentspactasolemnagreementPeacepacttodayPleadeeplyfeltrequestMothersplea;LetmeseemybabyastatementincourtindicatingGuiltypleasexpectedguiltorinnocenceGuiltypleas

23、expectedpledgepromiseIOCpledgessupportpoisedreadyforactionWorkerspoisedtostrikepollelectionOctoberpollVotingstationVotersgotothepollsinJapanPostpositioningovernment,UnknowngetskeyCabinetpostBusinessProbeinvestigationGovernorordersfireprobePrompttocauseCourtdecisionpromptspublicangerRagetoburnoutofco

24、ntrolForestfireragesRap(noun)accusationchargeCorruptionrapunfairsayssenator(verb)criticizeSafetycommissionrapsautocompaniesrocktoshock;tosurpriseGovrocksstockmarketroutdefeatcompletelyRebelsrouted,leave70deadrowaquarrelOilpricerowmaybringdowngovt.ruledecideCourtrulesoutPLOtalkssackdismissfromajobJai

25、lchiefsackedsack(fromtosearchthoroughlyandrob14heldforUSembassysacking“ransack”)setdecidedon;readyIMFtalkssetforAprilslaytokillormurder2slaininfamilyrowsnagproblem;difficultyLastminutesnaghitsarmstalkssnubsoarsparktopaynoattentiontoProtestantssnubUlstertoriserapidlyInflationratesoarstocause;toleadto

26、actionFrontierfeudingsparksattackpeacebidstalemateadisagreementthatcannotbesettledNewbidtobreakhostagestalematestallmakingnoprogressPeaceeffortinLebanonstalledstanceattitude;wayofthinkingNewstancetowardpowercutsstemtopreventorstopRainyseasonstemsrefugeeexitswaytoinfluenceorpersuadePresidentfailstosw

27、ayunion-strikesetswindleanunlawfulwayofgettingmoneyStockswindleinNYthwartpreventfrombeingsuccessfulHondurasattackthwartedtiesrelationsVietnamtiessoonTrimtocutSenatetrimsbudgetTriggertocauseKillingtriggersriotVietocompeteIrishtopranksvieforofficeVoidtodeterminetobeinvalidVotinglawvoidesbycourtVowasol

28、emnpromisekidnappersPolicechiefvowstocatchWeightoconsiderBushweightstaxincrease英美报刊选读指导三TheNewspaperLeadThefirstparagraphofanewsstoryiscalledthelead.Italmostalwaysgivesyouthestorysmaintopicandmostimportantfacts.Whenyoureadanewspaperleadsentence,trytofindthesubjectandmainverbandnotehowtherestofthesen

29、tenceaddsinformationtothesubjectandmainverb.AnwarSadatAssassinatedatCairoMilitaryReviewCAIRO,October7-EgyptianPresidentAnwarSadat,amodern-daypharaohwhoattemptedtoleadtheArabworldtowardapermanentMideastpeacewithIsreal,wasassassinatedyesterdaybyabandofsoldierswhoattackedamilitaryparadereviewingstandwi

30、thautomaticriflesandhandgrenades.Notethatagreatdealofinformationisincludedinasinglewriterhasorganizedthesentencearoundthesubject(EgyptianPresidentAnwarSadat)andmainverb(wasassassinate)verycarefully.Theleadsentenceusuallydoesthefollowing:Answersquestionssuchas“who”“what”“where”“when”“result”Addsbackg

31、roundtohelpyoubetterunderstandthestoryorStatewherethesourceofthestorycomesfrom.英美报刊选读指导四ReadtheNewsStoryInmostnewsstoriesthemostimportantfactswillbefoundnearthebeginning-usuallywithinthefirsttwoorthreeremainderofthestorywillgivedetailsexplainingandclarifyingthemainpoints,orintroducingnew,butlessimpo

32、rtantinformation.Thefollowingisaformulaforatypicalnewsstory;ParagraphOneThestoryssubjectandmostimportantfacts.ParagraphTwoImportantfactsthatthewriterwasunabletoincludeinthelead;Informationtoclarifythefactsinthelead;Aparticularlyimportantquote.TherestofthestorySpecificdetailstoanswerreadersquestions;

33、Statementsandopinionsbypeopleinvolvedinthestoryorbyoutsideobservers;Backgroundinformation;New,butlessimportantfacts.Accordingly,whenyoureadanewsstory,youareto:Readthebeginningofthestoryverycarefullybecauseitcontainsthemostimportantfact.Trytolookformorefactsthanthosegiveninthelead.Ifyoudontunderstand

34、somethingatthebeginningofastory,keepreadingforasecond(andperhapsathird)chancetounderstand.英美报刊选读指导五ReadingtheFeatureStoryinaNewspaperInmostnewsstoriesthemainpointscomeveryearlyandlessimpotantinformationcomesisanotherkindofstory_thefeaturestorywhichfollowsadifferentformat,thefeatureformat.PopularMaga

35、zinesandMagazineArticlesReadingpopularmagazinesisagoodwaytoenlargeourvocabularyandlearnalittlebitaboutmanytopicsinfollowingisalistofmajormagazinesinBritainandtheUnitedStates.MagazinesinBritainTheEconomistBritainTodayTheSpectatorContemporaryReviewNewStatesmanLondonMagazineNewScientistObserverReviewTh

36、eListenerPunchBritishWeeklyMagazinesintheUnitedStatesTimeUSNews&WorldReportNewsweekReadersDigestLifeBusinessWeeklyFortuneHarpersPeopleAmericanReviewTheNewYorkerVeryoftenwereadmagazineswhiletravelingorrelaxingofmagazinearticlesdonotexpecttheiraudiencetospendtoomuchtimereadingandtrytomakethemainideass

37、tandoutclearly.Thetaskforthereaderistolocatethesemainideasquickly.Popularmagazinewritersusevariousdevicestocaptureanounstoeconomizeoninmagazineoftenhavecharacteristicssimilartothosefoundinnewsstoriesorarticlesfoundinaresomefeauturesofmagazinearticles:Anintroductoryparagraphsummarizethemainidea;Thede

38、tailsaregivenintherestofthearticles;Theauthorsviewofthesubjectisdirectedtoaparticularaudiencebutmayinterestreadersingeneral.英美报刊选读指导六ReadingAdvertisementsMostmagazinesandnewspaperscontainadvertisementsthataredesignedtomakeuswantthewantustobelievethattheirproductisimportantforagoodlife.Someadvertisementsevenpresentviewpointsontimelynewspaperadstrytoinfluencethereadersopinions.Thelanguageofadvertisingmustbealanguageofimmediateimpactandrapidpersuasion.Nooneislikelytospendmuchtimedecidingwhethertoreadaprintedadvertisementorlistentoaspokenone:Iftheirattentionisnotattractedimmediatelyandheldfi