商务英语综合教程unit1市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、The Business of Language and the Language of BusinessUnit 1 第1页The Business of EnglishThe development of EnglishThe difference between American English and British EnglishThe influence of English 第2页Research and discussionJulius CaesarDuke of NormandyOld EnglishLatinFrenchMiddle EnglishA Table Alpha

2、beticallSamuel JohnsonWebsterOxford 第3页The difference between BE and AEspellingpronunciationvocabularygrammar第4页Spellingprogramme cataloguehonourtheatreoffenserecognisemarvellousreflexionprogramcataloghonortheateroffencerecognizemarvelousreflection第5页aestheticscepticalchequemoustachepyjamaslikeablej

3、udgementestheticskepticalcheckmustachepajamaslikablejudgment第6页Pronounciation British EnglishAmerican EnglishaskskskdancednsdnsfastfstfstpathppcantkntkntBritish EnglishAmerican Englishboxbksbkscropkrpkrphoththtspotsptsptironicarnkarnk第7页 British EnglishAmerican Englishcarka:kardoorddrpartyptprtiboar

4、dbdbrdmorningmnmrnBritish EnglishAmerican Englishdictionarydk()n()rdknrilaboratorylbr,t()rlbrtrinecessarily ness()rl,nssrlipreparatoryprprt()rprprtrisecretarysekrt()rskrtr第8页British EnglishAmerican Englishfertileftalftlfragilefrdalfrdlhostilehstalhstlmissilemsalmsl第9页British EnglishAmerican Englishc

5、lerkklkklrkeitherairfigurefgfjissuesjuuleisureleli:neithernani:scheduleedjulskdul第10页GrammarTenseSubjunctive moodCollective nounsModal verbsPrepositions第11页British EnglishAmerican EnglishIve just had lunch.I just had lunch.Have you washed your hands?Did you wash your hands?British EnglishAmerican En

6、glishShe suggested that he should quit smoking.She suggested that he quit smoking.The judge ordered that the money should be returned at once.The judge ordered that the money be returned at once.第12页British EnglishAmerican EnglishThe team are excited. The team is excited.The government are announcin

7、g an important decision.The government is announcing an important decision.British EnglishAmerican EnglishShe dared not stay in the dark.She didnt dare to stay in the dark.You neednt go with them.You dont need to go with them.第13页British EnglishAmerican Englishat the weekendon the weekendat homehome

8、The doctor felt of my pulse.The doctor felt my pulse.The play opens on Thursday.The play opens Thursday.Ill write to him.Ill write him.第14页Formatting of dates and numbersBritish EnglishAmerican English20th March, March 20, One hundred and seventy fiveOne hundred seventy five第15页As manyDetailed Readi

9、ngWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Ias many: of the same numberThere wont be as many fireworks this year. More than one hundred American colleges and universities now have educational exchanges with nearly as many Chinese institutions. not as many as we had last year or previous yearswith more or less 100 Chin

10、ese institutions第16页be exposed to1. Make (something)visiblebyuncoveringite.g. Atlow tidethesandsare exposed.e.g. weneed toexposeourweaknessesinordertolearnfromthemandgrow as a result.2. Revealthetrue,objectionablenature of (someone or something)e.g. He has beenexposed asaliarand atraitor.第17页3. If s

11、omeoneis exposed tosomething dangerous or unpleasant, they are put in a situation in which it might affect them.e.g. Mostpeoplein theworldarenon-smokersandhavea rightnottobeexposed toother peoplessmoke.4. If someoneis exposed toan idea or feeling, usually a new one, they are given experience of it,

12、or introduced to it.e.g. He wants his childrentobeexposedtoall sorts of people with different values and beliefs.第18页proficientDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Iproficient: a. to be proficient in stha proficient speakerAnt. clumsy, incompetent, unskilledn. proficiency proficiency in musicCan yo

13、u name some common proficiency tests in China?第19页Truly the tongue spoken backDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT ITruly, the tongue spoken back in the 1300s only by the “low people” of England has come a long way.Paraphrase the sentence. Indeed, the language spoken as early as 1300s by the native

14、 people in England has developed for a long time.people of the lower class, those who were at the bottom of the society第20页Text I_ BG_2.1Detailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundWhat do these languages have to do with English Romance, Germanic, Norse, Celtic?The English language derives from or is influence

15、d by them. Romance:e.g. French, Italian, Spanish, PortugueseGermanic:e.g. German, SwedishNorse:language spoken by Scandinavian inhabitantsCeltic:mainly spoken in Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Cornwall and the Isle of ManTEXT I第21页But its elasticity makes it messierDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT I

16、But its elasticity makes it messier, as well as stronger.What represents the elasticity of English?e.g. It absorbs words from other languages and accepts created ones, thus a much larger vocabulary than many languages. In its history, it accepts, both in spoken and written form, influences from othe

17、r languages, religion, law and science. flexibility, adaptability第22页But its elasticity makes it messier 2Detailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IHow does the elasticity of English make it messier and stronger?messier: There are many varieties of English,differences among them in pronunciation, vocab

18、ulary, grammar and so on, which can be very confusing sometimes.Stronger: English can be used in many fields and so itbecomes a lingual franca, and enjoys a dominant status.第23页When it comes toDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IWhen it comes to saving the planet do celebrities practice what they

19、 preach?When it comes to renting or buying, youll spend about the same amount.When it comes to as regardsn.b. “to” is not followed by an infinitive, but a noun or noun phrase.第24页barrierDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Ibarrier: n. ( to)obstaclelanguage barrier, trade barrierto remove barriers

20、to successset barriers to communicationSyn. obstaclehindrance第25页A host ofDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Ia host ofa great number ofa host of billsa host of new devicesOther similar phrases: a crowd of, a throng of, a swarm of(ants, bees, locusts), a flock of (sheep, birds), 第26页Angst-freeDet

21、ailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IAngst-free: a.without anger or worryWord Formation -free: not containing a specified substance (often used in combination)tax-free, a sugar-free soft drinklaisser-faire attitude:laisser-faire often refers to the principles of free trade, allowing for freedom to a

22、great degree. Here it means hardly any restriction in the use and development of English.第27页To see a committee se up to regulate the languageDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Ito see a committee set up to regulate the languageto see done: to make sureYou will see the work done properly.He is al

23、ways the last to go to bed to see all the doors locked.第28页To have little to do withDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Ito have little to do with:Other similar phrases: to have everything to do withto have something to do withto have much to do withto have nothing to do with第29页Thus 2Detailed Rea

24、dingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT ITranslate the following sentences.1. If you throw the ball thus, as Im showing you, youll have better luck hitting the target. 假如你像我这么扔球，命中机会更大些。2. I have all the tools I need. Thus I should be able to fix the bike myself. 我有全部必要工具所以应该自己把自行车修好。3. Register your phone right

25、after purchase thus enabling us to provide you even better service in case of questions or in case of a warranty claim. 购置后请马上登记你电话，以使我们在你万一提出保修 要求时能提供更加好服务。tr.tr.tr.第30页All-engulfingDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Iall-engulfing:all-knowing:knowing everythingall-important: of greatest importa

26、nceall-powerful:having unlimited powerengulf： If one thingengulfsanother, it completely covers or hides it, often in a sudden and unexpected way.e.g. A seven-year-old boy was found dead after a landslide engulfed an apartment block.第31页Though the language that now sweeps theDetailed ReadingWarm-upBa

27、ckgroundTEXT IParaphrase the sentence. though the language that now sweeps the world is called English, the culture carried with it is American.Different from the history of English when English was spread through the power of the British Empire, now it is spread through the culture of a different p

28、owerful country the USA.Americanization is equivalent to globalization to a large extent.第32页aspireDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Iaspire: v. (to)desire, hopeHuman beings have the power to accomplish whatever they intensely aspire to accomplish, provided they adhere to the method advocated.n.

29、 aspiration What is the life-long aspiration of the football player?a. aspiring ambitiousToday, e-learning is turning out to be a great business proposition for the aspiring entrepreneurs.第33页As the 20th century drew onDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IAs the 20th century drew on, however, and

30、English continued to encroach, French was driven on to the defensive.Paraphrase the sentence. As the 20th century was approaching, and English kept on expanding beyond limits, French was put in a cornered position, having to fight for protection.to advance beyond proper, established, or usual limits

31、第34页Go into effectDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Igo into effectto become effectiveThe new tax laws wont go into effect until next year.Other uses of effect:To bring/put/carry a plan into effect 使一个计划付诸实施She disapproved of the proposal and wrote to that effect. 她不赞成此提议，并以书面形式表示此意。His silence

32、was in effect a confirmation of the rumor. 他缄默实际上是证实了谣言。The prescribed medicine failed to take effect. 医生开药没能起作用。第35页aspireDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Ioblige: v. (to)The storm got worse and worse. Finally, I was obliged to abandon the car and continue on foot.n. obligation When teachers a

33、ssign homework, students usually feel an obligation to do it. The United States will do that which is necessary to meet its obligations to its own citizens.If youare obligedtodo something, a situation, rule, or law makes it necessary for you to do that thing.第36页In india some people see english as a

34、nDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IIn India some people see English as an oppressive legacy of colonialism that should be exterminated.Paraphrase the sentence. India was once regarded as the Jewel in the Crown of the British Empire. People in India would think the English language reminds them

35、of the period of colonialism, which should be wiped out.第37页But for many peoples the triumph ofDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IBut for many peoples the triumph of English is the defeat, if not outright destruction, of their own language.Paraphrase the sentence. But for many peoples the succes

36、s or the wide spread of English means the defeat, if not a complete extinction, of their own language.第38页Text I_ BG_2.1Detailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundWhat is homogenisation?Homogenization, a word used in many fields, means making everything the same. This text uses the term to refer to homogeniza

37、tion of language, to show that English has become the dominant language of the world while at the same time many other languages face extinction.TEXT Ihomo- : being the same or likehomonym homophonehomographhomogenoushomogenizehomosexual同音同形异义词同音词同形异义词同质，同类使类同同性恋，同性恋者第39页multilingualismDetailed Read

38、ingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Imultilingualism: n.using or able to speak several or many languages with some facilitya. multilinguala multilingual dictionarya multilingual personWord Formation (prefix) many, much relating to languagemulti lingualmultinational, multi-colored, multimediamultiply: v. 第40页Ba

39、ckgroundListeningDetailed ReadingText II_ BG_4.2What are these rhetorical devices: humor, metaphors, analogies, and literary allusions?humor:TEXT IIbeing funny, the speech or writing with ingenuity, verbal skill, or incongruity that may evoke laughtermetaphor:a figure of speech in which a word or ph

40、rase is applied to an object or action that it does not literally denote in order to imply a resemblanceanalogy:a comparison between two situations, processes etc that is intended to show that the two are similarHe uses the analogy of the family to explain the role of the state.An analogy attributed

41、 to Samuel Johnson is: “Dictionaries are like watches; the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true.”第41页BackgroundListeningDetailed ReadingText II_ BG_4.2TEXT IIliterary allusion:a figure of speech that makes a reference to, or representation of, a place, event, l

42、iterary work, myth, or work of art, either directly or by implication.In the stock market, he met his Waterloo.Martin Luther King, Jr., alluded to the Gettysburg Address in starting his I Have a Dream speech by saying Five score years ago.; his hearers were immediately reminded of Abraham Lincolns F

43、our score and seven years ago, which opened the Gettysburg Address. Kings allusion effectively called up parallels in two historic moments.第42页multilingualismDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Icircumlocution: n.an indirect way of speaking, roundabout, ambiguousWord Formation (prefix) round about

44、, aroundcircum locutiona particular form of expression; a word, phrase, expression, or idiom, especially as used by a particular person, group, etc.第43页multilingualismDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT IOther words starting with circum-circum+vent: to go around or bypasscomecircum+spect: cautious

45、lookcircum+scribe: draw a line aroundwrite第44页BackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingText III_ Bg_ 3_popThe story of the tower of Babel is found in Genesis 11:1-9: “And the whole earth was of one language, and of one speech And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may r

46、each onto heavenAnd the Lord said, Behold, the people is one, and have all one language; and this they begin to do; and nothing will be restrained from themlet us go down and there confound their language that they may not understand one anothers speechTherefore is the name of it called Babel”.What

47、do you know about the story of the Babel?TEXT III第45页第46页BackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingText III_ Bg_ 3_popHere the tower is a symbol of mans aspiring arrogance, rebuked by God. Babel in modern English simply means a noisy confusion.What does the tower of Babel refer to?TEXT III第47页manage

48、BackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIImanage: v.(used with object)1) to bring about or succeed in accomplishing, sometimes despite difficulty or hardshipTranslate the following sentences.tr.工作和家庭都需要付出很多，她怎么都能做得这么好？Work and Family are big commitments. How does she manage it all?tr.尽管两人没有见

49、过面，不过他们还是从人群中找出了对方。Although they have never met, they managed to identify each other among the crowds.第48页Manage 2BackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT III2) to take charge or care ofTranslate the following sentence.tr.他决定自己来掌管投资事物。He decided to manage his investments by himself.tr.3) to ha

50、ndle, direct, govern, or control in action or useTranslate the following sentence.tr.对于经验不足水手来说，在大风中控制好船帆是很困难事。For less experienced sailors it is difficult to manage the sail in strong winds.第49页Manage 3BackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT III(used without object)4) to continue to function

51、, progress, or succeed, usually despite hardship or difficulty; get alongTranslate the following sentences.tr.这是艰辛年代，不过我们挺过来了。It was a rough time, but we managed.tr.他太太要出差了，他既要接送小孩还要买菜做饭。他怎么办啊？His wife will be away on business, so he has to send and pick up the kids and do the shopping. How will he

52、manage?第50页perceptivelyBackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIIperceptively: adv.keenly, sensitivelyOther forms of the word:对问题深入透彻分析a perceptive analysis of the problems involvedperceptive: a. having or showing keenness of insight, understandina. g, or intuition觉察到危险临近perceive the approac

53、h of threatperceive: v. to be aware of, know在能预见到未来in the perceivable futureperceivable: a. can be perceived, can be seen第51页Filter outBackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIIfilter out: to remove or separate sth by the action of a filterThe software magnate has almost an entire department

54、 working to filter out unwanted mails.filter out the dirt过滤出脏东西 filter out impurities 滤除杂质 第52页Londons rich linguistic medleyBackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIILondons rich linguistic medley passes through, and is connected by, English but since the English dont speak different langua

55、ges, cosmopolitanism is in London but not really of it.Can you paraphrase the sentence?In London there is a large variety of languages used, together with English, and is connected by this common language. But the English people can speak only one language, so London is not a real international city

56、 although it appears or sounds so.第53页Now above all what once soundedBackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIINow, above all, what once sounded like a joyous babel can take on a more sinister ring.Can you paraphrase the sentence?The sentence refers to the previous sentence that regards Engl

57、ish as “a two-edged sword”. Being the native speaker of the world language, English, used to be bliss. Now it has become a curse when they do not understand any other languages.第54页Laisser-faire attitudeDetailed ReadingWarm-upBackgroundTEXT Idebilitate: v. If youare debilitatedbysomething such as an

58、 illness, it causes your body or mind to become gradually weaker.Stewart took over yesterday when Russell was debilitated by a stomach virus.2. Todebilitatean organization, society, or government means to gradually make it weaker.Their made efforts to debilitate the political will of the Western all

59、iance.debilitating adj. 第55页Susceptible toBackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIIsusceptible to:easily influenced and affectedTranslate the following sentences.tr.Some people are more susceptible to symptoms of anxiety, and stress induced illnesses.有些人更轻易出现焦虑症状，或者其它因为压力而引发疾病。tr.年轻人更轻易受到毒品

60、诱惑。The young are susceptible to the allure of drugs.第56页Falling off a cliffBackgroundGroup AssignmentDetailed ReadingTEXT IIIfalling off a cliff:a sharp decrease, a sudden drop to the bottomTranslate the following sentences.tr.上个月美国经济如同上演了一场惊悚秀，经济数据急转直下。The last month has been a horror show for the