2021-2022学年甘肃省合水县第一中学高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Mr Johnson, I have something I would like to trouble you with._. Just te

2、ll me what I can do.AYou have my word BDont give me thatCYou can say that again DDont stand on ceremony2I have no doubt that he will make it, but I wonder_ he is really ready enough.AwhatBwhyCwhetherDThat3In April,2009,President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao,_ the 60th anniversary of the foun

3、ding of the PLA Navy.AmarkingBmarkedChaving markedDbeing marked4The farmers are in bad need of rain,but a (an) large amount of rainfall will cause Floods.AEventuallyBconstantlyCgraduallyDextremely5The police recognized the criminal from his typical facial _. a scar on the forehead.Aexpression Bfeatu

4、reCoutline Dgesture6Along with the email was my brothers promise _ I came first in the competition, he would buy me an MP4.AwhatBthatCthat ifDwhether7Yet _ in the process of development did they stop to consider the impact of their “progress” on nature.Ain no time Bat no pointCas likely as not Dmore

5、 often than not8Everything is amazing. Thank you all. We without your help.Acant make itBmustnt have madeCwont makeDcouldn t have made it9After looking at many new cars, I found _ which I would accept just as suitable.AitBthisCthatDone10Frankly, I still feel confused about _ he could manage without

6、access to the Internet for such a long time.AwhatBwhyCthatDhow11The art historians tried to figure out how the temple _ when built around 15 BCAmight lookBmight have lookedCmust lookDmust have looked12Without your help, I _ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest.Awont getBdidnt getCwouldnt

7、getDwouldnt have got13These diagrams are especially helpful when we have a concrete problem _ at hand.Abe solved Bto solve Csolved Dbeing solved14 Could you turn the TV down a little bit? _. Is it disturbing you?ATake it easy. BIm sorry. CNot a bit DIt depends15 Is there any chance of my being promo

8、ted? If you want a promotion, youd better rather than get your way.Aplay the gameBcross your fingersCraise the red flagDkill the fatted calf16As John Lennon once said, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.AWhichBthatCwhatDwhere17Mum, do you mind if I invite some friends to

9、my birthday party?_. It will be more interesting.ABy no meansBYes, of courseCDont worryDNo doubt.18Most spending that results in debt is like a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that _, only to drag you down for years to come.Atakes offBwears offCsets offDshows off19I had hardly rung the bell _ the door

10、 was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me.Abefore BuntilCas Dsince20How long do you think it will be_the Stock Market returns to normal?At least one year, I guess.AwhenBbeforeCuntilDthat第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）In every significant relationship, there come

11、s a time when you have to ask the tough questions: whats the deal with the mysterious fifth pocket on our favorite jeans?To find out, we called in the experts: Korie Lovette and John Cunningham ,two merchandise mangers for Wrangler jeans. “The fifth pocket was introduced in the 1800s as a protective

12、 sleeve for cowboys pocket watches,” Lovette told TODAY Style. “Although the pocket is rarely used for watches today, standard jeans are still being produced in a way that can accommodate a size 2 pocket watch.”We havent seen a pocket watch since the last time we watched “Castaway” , but Cunningham

13、insists that the pocket has plenty of modern uses. “Today, men use them for pocket knives or loose change, while women might use it to hold lipstick,” he said. “Over the past couple years, it has become an increasingly popular spot to store technology devices such as cell phones or iPods.”And then,

14、of course, there is the issue of aesthetic(美感). “A classic pair of jeans would look incomplete without the fifth pocket,” Cunningham explained. “Its a tradition; an authentic construction of the jean. It was product innovation before that was a famous item. We keep the fifth pocket for the typical c

15、ompleteness of our jeans.”That said, there are times when it makes sense to break with tradition for a more pleasing fit. “When Wrangler determines whether to include the fifth pocket or not, we look at the overall aesthetic of the figure,” said Lovette. “For womens skinny jeans or leggings, we usua

16、lly dont include a fifth picket since the consumer will most likely be wearing a blouse that will cover the pocket.”1、The original use of the fifth pocket is to _.Ahold pocket knives Bcarry cowboys moneyCmake the jeans more beautiful Dprotect cowboys pocket watches2、What can we infer from the text?A

17、Women usually like the fifth pocket on their jeansBWrangler has some kinds of jeans without the fifth pocketCThe fifth pocket was designed mainly for storing cell phonesDThe question about the fifth pocket is asked often between phones3、What may be the best title for the text?AIs the extra pocket go

18、od or bad? BIs the fifth pocket to be changed?CThe reasons for having that extra pocket DThe styles of the fifth pocke22（8分）With more large solar farms being developed in the sunny southwestern United States, researchers and conservationists alike are beginning to notice surprising environmental eff

19、ects. While solar energy is known for its positive environmental impacts, officials at the National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory have come to recognize one of its significant downsides: Some specks of birds that live close to large solar plants (太阳能板) are dying off, including endangered bi

20、rds.A recent federal investigation recovered 233 birds that had been killed as a direct result of solar plants. Researchers believe that some of the affected birds have mistaken the large, reflective areas of the solar panels for bodies of water. This is a phenomenon referred to by scientists as “la

21、ke effect.” The birds are drawn to what they assume to be water. They aim for the area and slam into the panels with great force. It is thought that the insects that birds cat fall victim to “lake effect” as well, leading the birds into the panels.Researchers figure that between 1,000 and 28,000 bir

22、ds are killed as a result of harvesting solar energy. The number of birds affected by wind farming is much greater, ranging from 140,000 to 328,000. Coal-fired electricity has the largest negative effect on birds, killing nearly 8 million a year. These numbers make solar farming seem like the best o

23、ption. However, conservationists are quick to point out that areas where solar is expected to boom between 2015 and 2020 are home to some of the rarest birds in the United States. This could put specific bird species at risk of extinction.There exists a state order in California that 20 percent of a

24、ll electricity of all energy sold should be renewable by the year 2017. This has been one driving force behind the rapid development of huge solar farms. The industry, which is expected to boom as a result of this change to renewable energy, is facing newly filed lawsuits (起诉) by conservationist gro

25、ups. These lawsuits could slow down the approval process for the planned solar development across the Southwest.1、What can we infer from paragraph 1?ASolar farms require a long development period.BMost people would be shocked by the size of solar farms.CSolar energy equipment looks strange to most p

26、eople.DMost people think that solar energy is very beneficial.2、The underlined word “slam” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .Adash BbreakCmove Dslide3、Which of the following best reflects the authors viewpoint?AUsing solar farms is the most practical way to create energy.BMore birds are endan

27、gered by solar farms than wind farming.CSolar farms may not be as friendly to the environment as expected.DWays should be found to reduce “lake effect” caused by solar farms.23（8分） In A History of Reading, the Canadian novelist Alberto Manguel describes a remarkable transformation of human conscious

28、ness, which took place around the 10th century AD: the arrival of silent reading. Human beings have been reading for thousands of years, but in ancient times, the normal thing was to read aloud. With the arrival of silent reading, Manguel writes, the reader was at last able to establish an unrestric

29、ted relationship with the book and the words. The words no longer needed to occupy the time required to pronounce them. The readers thoughts inspected them at leisure, drawing new ideas from them, allowing comparisons from memory or from other books.To read silently is to free your mind to reflect,

30、to remember, to question and compare. The cognitive scientist Maryanne Wolf calls this freedom “the secret gift of time to think”. A thousand years later, critics fear that digital technology has put this gift in danger. The Internets flood of information, together with the distractions of social me

31、dia, threatens to overwhelm the space of reading, leaving us in what the journalist Nicholas Carr has called “the shallows”. In Carrs view, the “endless, tempting buzz” of the Internet endangers our very being: “One of the greatest dangers we face,” he writes, “as we give up control over the flow of

32、 our thoughts and memories to a powerful electronic system, is a slow damage to our humanness and our humanity.”Theres no question that digital technology presents challenges to the reading brain. But seen from a historical perspective, digital reading and silent reading look like differences of deg

33、ree, rather than of kind. To the extent that digital reading represents something new, its potential cuts both ways. Done badly, the Internet reduces us to mindless clickers, racing numbly to the bottom of a bottomless feed; but done well, it has the potential to expand the very contemplative (沉思的)

34、space that we have prized in ourselves ever since we learned to read without moving our lips.In the fifth century BC, Socrates worried that writing would weaken human memory, and stifle(扼杀) judgment. In fact, as Wolf notes in her 2007 book Proust and the Squid: the Story and Science of the Reading B

35、rain, the opposite happened: Faced with the written page, the readers brain develops new capacities.The Internet may cause our minds to wander off, and yet a quick look at the history of books suggests that we have been wandering off all along. When we read, the eye does not progress steadily along

36、the line of text; it alternates between saccades little jumpsand brief stops, not unlike the movement of the mouses cursor across a screen of hypertext.Its true that studies have found that readers given text on a screen do worse on recall and comprehension tests than readers given the same text on

37、paper. But a 2015 study by the German educator Johannes Naumann suggests the opposite. He gave a group of high-school students the job of tracking down certain pieces of information on websites; he found that the students who regularly did research online were better at this task than students who u

38、sed the Internet mostly to send email, chat, and blog.A new generation of digital writers prefers to include interactive features. The 2014 iPad novel, Pry, tells the story of a demolition(爆破) expert returning home from the first Gulf War. The story is told in text, photographs, video clips, and aud

39、io. It uses an interface(界面) that allows you to follow the action and shift between levels of awareness. As you read text on the screen, describing characters and plot, you draw your fingers apart and see a photograph of the chief character, his eyes opening on the world. Pinch your finger shut and

40、you visit his troubled unconscious; words and images race by, as if you are inside his memory. Pry is the opposite of a shallow work; its whole play is between the surface and the depths of the human mind. Reading it is stimulating.1、In Alberto Manguels opinion, silent reading _.Ais an abnormal thin

41、g to human consciousnessBoffers readers mind freedom and time to thinkCstrengthens readers power of memory and reflectionDallows readers to gain an insight into books and words2、Why is digital technology considered to have endangered our being?AIt presents challenges to the reading brain.BIt harms o

42、ur humanness and humanity gradually.CIt is very likely to expand our contemplative space.DIt leaves our thoughts and memories out of control.3、The sentence “The fear of technology is not new.” should be placed in _.ABCD4、What can we infer from Johannes Naumanns study?AIts easier to collect informati

43、on on the Internet than in books.BPeoples habit of using the Internet influences their performance.CThe Internet isnt supposed to be used as a tool of entertainment.DPaper reading is better than screen reading in improving comprehension.5、The 2014 iPad novel, Pry, is mentioned in the last paragraph

44、to _.Aintroduce the occurrence of a reading revolutionBshow the technology employed in digital readingCprove digital reading not shallow but attractiveDillustrate the impact digital reading has on our life.6、What is probably the best title for the passage?AThe deep space of digital readingBThe timel

45、y arrival of silent readingCThe development of traditional readingDThe potential damage of electronic books24（8分）The term healthy obesity has gained value over the past 15 years,but scientists have recently questioned its very existence.Our new findings suggest that health measures may be necessary

46、for all obese（肥胖的）individuals, even those previously considered to be metabolically（代谢的）healthy,says study first author Mikael,Since obesity is the major driver changing gene expression in fat cells,we should continue to focus on preventing obesity.Obesity has been a global problem,affecting approxi

47、mately 600 million people worldwide and increasing the risk of heart disease,stroke,cancer,and so on.But in the 1970s and 80s,experts began to question the extent to which obesity increases the risk for these disorders.Later studies in the late 90s and early 2000s showed that some obese people show

48、a relatively healthy life.However,there are no accepted measures for measuring metabolically healthy obesity,and whether or not such a thing exists is now up for discussion.Our study suggests that the idea of metabolically healthy obesity may be more difficult than thought,Mikael says,There doesnt a

49、ppear to be a clear line that separates obese subjects with high or low insulin（胰岛素）sensitivity,indicating that obesity is the major driver explaining the changes in gene expression.One limitation of the study is that it examined gene expression only in white fat cells,not other types.Moreover, all

50、of the obese subjects were scheduled to experience obesity operations,so the findings may only apply to people with severe obesity.In future research,Mikael and his group will track the study patients after surgery to determine whether weight loss normalizes gene expression responses.They will also

51、look for specific genes linked to improved metabolic health in these people.In the meantime,the study has an important take-home message.Obese people may not be as metabolically healthy as previously believed,Ryden says.1、What does the underlined phrase healthy obesity mean?AIt can be healthy with o

52、besity.BObesity is necessary to be healthy.CUnhealthy people have no obesity.DHealth has something to do with obesity.2、What leads to healthy obesity failing to prove true?ALack of related patients.BLack of genetic evidence.CLack of research funding.DLack of needed standards.3、What advice can reader

53、s get from the passage?APeople should have a healthy lifestyle.BPeople should accept obesity in a way.CPeople should keep a balanced weight.DPeople should avoid obesity operations.4、Which can best describe the authors intention in writing the passage?ACompare,analyze and conclude.BShow,appreciate,an

54、d persuade.CIntroduce,argue and advertise.DPresent,inform and inspire.25（10分） Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? Youve got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons(神经元). New research suggests rapid fire abilities of the y

55、oung brain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information.The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the jo

56、urnal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception(知觉) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures become more complex and eventually beg

57、in to degrade.Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because theyre processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though theyre happening more q

58、uickly.1、What causes time to fly faster as we get old?AChanges of our nerves and neurons.BInformation in our brain .CThe electrical signals.DRapid fire abilities.2、What is unavoidable in the process of getting old?ALonger days.BAging brains.CMore images.DLess experience.3、Why do the days seem longer

59、 earlier in life?AYoung people are more energetic in their life.BThe younger brain takes less time to process informationCOld people have fewer things to do than young people.DLittle babies move their eyes much more often.4、What is the best title of the text?ANerves and NeuronsBTime Flies FastCThe O

60、lder, the FasterDThe Function of the Brain第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分）完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）Its good to make mistakes, and here is whyFirst of all, mistakes are a clear 36 that you are trying new thingsIts always If you never try anything new,