2023年人教版高考英语教材常考考点复习 选择性必修第2册

1、国圄回国园图目画UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（主题语境：人与社会科学与科学家）课前自主预习I .单词巧练写准并记牢高考与教材分类识记课标词汇（一）重点词汇一我会写subscribe况.认购（股份）;定期订购；定期交纳（会费）household .一家人:家庭；同住一所（套）房子的 人suspect.&况.怀疑:疑有；不信任九犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象blame ”.把 归咎于；责怪；指责儿责备； 指责handle n.把手；拉手；柄”.处理；搬动；操 纵（车辆、动物、工具等）link n.联系：纽带”.把连接起来；相关联raw a办未煮的;生的；未经处理的；原始的dec

2、rease n.减少；降低；减少量vt.&山.（使大小、数量等）减少；减小；降低thinking.思想；思维；见解cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房virusn.病毒findingn.发现；调查结果；（法律）判决solida力.可靠的:固体的；坚实的”.固体cast ”.投射；向投以（视线、笑容等）；投 掷shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处pour of.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）leadershipn.领导；领导地位；领导才能oulslanding。力.优秀的；杰出的；明显的gifted 叱/.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的（2020全国卷 II）The fur trade kept nut

3、ria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animalsmulglied （multiDle）like crazy.（2021 全国甲卷）Its the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blameforgetting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. （20

4、21 1 月浙江卷）What has caused thedecrease in Australian childrensphysical activity?（2020山东卷）In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods whensuspected （susecDofdrug dealing.（2020全国卷 III） If you do, you wont be ableto handle （ha

5、ndle）it and thewhole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyones day.（2020全国卷 III）Official reports suggest that the number ofhouseholds（household）with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.（2020全国卷 III）Publishedstatistics（statistic）

6、is the authors statement about multigenerational family based on.（2020江苏卷）But if you do it too often, you cantransform （改变:转变）in the eyesconceptn,概念；观念brilliant”中聪颖的；绝妙的：明亮的fault n.弱点；过错shift n.改变；转换；轮班&式.转移；挪动；转向vivid 。力生动的；鲜明的；丰富的（二）阅读词汇一我会认1. pump n. 泵； 抽水机； 打气筒of others from a confident joker to

7、 a Chihuahua dog.9.（2020-天津卷）Theyhave transformed（transform） themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge, meet interesting people, or find out how to start a business.10. （2021 全国乙卷）Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative2. statistic n. pl 统计数字；统计资料；统

8、计学thinking （think）does not differ that much inmissile n. 导弹intervention n. 介入； 出面； 干涉substantial a力.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变； 转变protein n. 蛋白质framework n. 框架；结构rainbow n.彩虹concrete n. 混凝土 adi. 混凝土制的；确实的; 具体的abstract adj. 抽象的；理性的 九（文献等的）摘要telescope n. 望远镜（三）拓展词汇一我会变severe adj.极为恶劣的

9、；十分严重的；严厉的f severelya血.严重地；严厉地；严格地；苛刻地contradictory ，的.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 - contradict v,反驳；驳斥；批驳；相抵触； 相矛盾；相反一 contradiction.（事实、看法、行动等的）不一致，矛盾，对立；驳斥infect”.使感染；传染f infection n,感染；传 染infectious力传染性的；具有传染性的； 有传染力的一 infected力带细菌的；感染了病菌的proofn.证据；证明；检验一prove v.证明；证实；最终显现为；展现multiple 力数量多的；多种多样的fmultiplyres

10、ponse to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.（20214月浙江卷）一What did Dr Shultz think of the study?一It was a good try but thefindings（finding）were limited. （2020-江苏卷）Many of these genes produceproleins （protein） that canimprove blood sugar regulation and insulin （胰 岛素）levels throughout the

11、 body and so are associated with improved metabolic health.（2020全国卷 I）After that Ipoured（pour）oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently until the oil was hot.（2020全国卷 I） Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assi

12、stant（assist） professor of exercisescience at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.（2021 全国甲卷）After spending some time looking at all thedefensive （defend）equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!（2020山东卷）Its better to leave yo

13、ur listeners wishing for more thanshifting（shift） restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.V.乘；乘以；成倍增加；迅速增加；（使）繁殖， 增殖pure。力纯的；纯粹的；干净的；不含有害物质的 fpurely 。加.仅仅；完全fDuritv n.纯洁；纯净；纯粹 purify 。.使（某物）洁净；洗 涤（思想）；净化（心灵）；提纯；精炼initial。力.最初的；开始的；第一的一 initially 4面.开始；最初；起初一 initiative .倡议；新

14、 方案mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工；力学;机械学f mechanical灯.机械的；发动机的；机器的defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解f defenc（s）e n.防 御；保卫；防御物；防务；防御能力-defensive 防御的；保护的；保卫的；怀有戒心的assistant n.助理；助手- assist v,帮助；协 助；援助fassistance n.帮助；援助；支持astronomer n, 天文学家astronomy n. 天文 学17. (2021 全国乙卷)Peoplehave beenpouring (pour) into stadiums since the da

15、ys of ancient Greece. In around 80 A. D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the worlds best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.曾联想积累：.常见“trans-词根的单词transplant v.移植translate v.翻译transmit。.传送；传播transfer v.转移；转让transparent 0.透明的.常见英语反义形容词面面观abstract抽象的concrete具体的posit

16、ive积极的negative消极的joptimistic 乐观的pessimistic 悲观的.以“一ship”为后缀的高频名词一览 scholarship奖学金；学问；学术成就 friendship 友谊leadership领导地位relationship 关系hardship苦难championship 冠军称号II .短语巧练写准并记牢高考与教材once and for all 最终地；彻底地subscribe to 同意； 赞同thanks to 幸亏:由于water pump 水泵give birth （lo sb.）生孩子:分娩；生育in general总的来说:总体上来看；通常a

17、s a result of （作）为的结果；由于Iheoretical framework 理论框架make sense有道理:讲得通calm down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定 下来gel down to doing sth. 开 始认 真做某 事；开始做某事depend on 依靠focus on集中于:专注于in charge of 主管;掌管put pressure on 给施加压力in fact :实际上:事实上in the form of 以的形式breakout （战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始；爆发come down 患（病）:染上（小病）above all最重要的是;尤

18、其是point out 指出benefit from 从获益（2020天津卷）While libraries still loan out（出 借）books, youll find it easier to get a copy of whatever youre looking for,thanks lo acooperative network of area libraries.（2021 全国甲卷）Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose todealwith the

19、problems on our own.（2020江苏卷）Instead ofgetting down to anew task as I had expected , he examined the previous work again.（2021 浙江卷）I realized that my labor was very hard, but my growth and our whole family had been depending on the hard work of my parents!（2020江苏卷）Those scientists very often see the

20、 same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and theyfocus onthem to the point of exhaustion （穷尽），and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers.（2020全国卷 HI）Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately.（2020浙江卷）It i

21、s not my intentionto pointoul the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.里联想积累:.表示“最终地”含义的词和词组finallylastlyultimatelyeventuallyat lengthat lastin the

22、 endonce and for all.表示“由于，因为”含义的短语due toowing tothanks tobecause ofas a result ofon account of. “动词+out”短语荟萃block out挡住（光线）break out突发；爆发let out泄露；发出（声音）look/watch out 当心；提防put out扑灭die out 灭绝III .经典句型写准并记牢高考与教材1 .where引导的定语从句Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died

23、had lived.斯诺先在地图上标出了所有死者 曾经生活的精确地点。（教材P 2.so that引导的目的状语从句 Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.因此，他把水泵的把手拆除了， 这样水泵就不能用了。（教材P2） 3.that引导表语从句The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.事实是宽街水泵的水已被废物污（2020全国卷I）工程师也在尽力研发一

24、种电源开关， 当有日光照耀时，植物的光就会变暗。The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch“where the glow would fade whenexposed to daylight.（2021全国新高考I卷）虽然在上山的路上，这是唯 一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供 了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the

25、whole adventure and offers a placewhece you can sit down to rest youraching legs.（20213月天津卷）关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气 温越低，温泉越暖和。The amazing thing about the spring isthat thecolder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring!染了。（教材P3）课堂考点突破重点词汇精讲suspect W.&泣怀疑；疑有；不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象j教材原句Snow suspected that the wate

26、r pump was to blame.(P2)斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。C词块必记suspect sb. of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做 了)某事suspect sb. to be怀疑某人是suspect that怀疑，猜想j即学即用单句语法填空The drugis suspected (suspect) of causing over 200 deaths. Suspecting (suspect) nothing, he walked right into the trap.Twosuspects (suspect) are now being interrogated in

27、connection with the killing.blame M把归咎于；责怪；指责.责备；指责j教材原句Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.(P?)斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。C词块必记(l)biame sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb.把某事怪到某人头上be to blame(for)(因)应受责备；应负责任(不能用被动形式)(2)bear/take/accept the blame for.对负责，承担责任lay/put the blame for sth. on s

28、b.把某事的责任推到某人身上j即学即用单句语法填空Dont always blame your own failureon others. You should take the blame for failure. Blamed (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.一句多译诚实地说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。To be honest, Li Hua was to blame for the conflict.(blame v.)(4)To be honest, Li

29、 Hua should take/bear/accept the blame for the conflict.(blame n.)link/i.联系；纽带M把连接起来；相关联j教材原句Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.(P3)而且，后来斯诺能够表明，其他霍乱的病例和伦敦不同的自来水公司有关。C词块必记|link A to/with Blink A and B (together)把A与B连

30、接/联系起来be linked with/to与有联系/有关link up (with)(与)结合,连接(2)There is a link between.and.和之间有联系M名师点津be related to与有联系，与有关系relate.to.把和联系起来be connected with与有关系；与有亲戚关系connect. wilh把和连接起来j即学即用单句语法填空The two citiesare linked (link) by a railway.The policemen are looking for people linked (link) to the acciden

31、t which happened last night.完成句子这些摄像机与一台功能强大的计算机相连接。The video cameras are linked to a powerful computer.英吉利海峡隧道把英国和欧洲其他国家连接起来。The Channel Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 比&而.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小;降低j教材原句Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean wa

32、ter, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.(P3)通过斯诺孜孜不倦的努力，自来水公司开始销售干净的水，全世界范围内的霍乱威胁有了很大的下降。C词块必记(l)decrease to减少到decrease by.减少了decrease from.to. 从减少到(2)on the decrease 正在减少on the increase 正在增加j即学即用单句语法填空The charge for transportation is on the decrease because of low

33、er fuel costs.Its reported that the population of that country has increased to more than 1.3 billion and by_ 0.5% every year in the past ten years.They are making every effort to decrease (decrease) the production cost.There was a sharp decrease in unemployment, which was 30 percent.transform ”.使改观

34、；使改变形态 泣改变；转变j教材原句Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.(P?)斯诺改变了科学家研究疾病的方法。C词块必记(1 o.把变成transform sb./sth. from.把某人/物从中转变(2)transformation n.改变；变革M名师点津trans 表示“从一到另一，如 translate, transplant, transfusion, transport 等。j即学即用单句语法填空Water can transform a desert into a garden. Transformed (tr

35、ansform) into a frog by the witch, the prince was driven out of the castle.(3)As is known to all, water can be transformed (transform) into power.In recent years, the movie industry has undergone a substantial transformatinn (transform).defend”保卫；防守；辩解j教材原句However, after the Songhu Battle broke out

36、in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. (P7)然而，在1932年淞沪会战爆发后，钱做出了把专业改为航空制造业的决定，因为他意识到中国需要自 己强大的空军来保护并且保卫这个国家。C词块必记(l)defend .from/against 保护以免受defend oneself为自己辩解；自卫(2)defence

37、n.防御；保卫in defence of 为了 保卫j即学即用单句语法填空The Great Wall was built from the Qin Dynasty and its purpose was to defend (defend) their own territories from/against the invasion of their enemies.When a dog attacked me, I picked up a stick to defend myself ( I ).The monument is in memory of the soldiers who

38、died in defence (defend) of their country.break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发j教材原句However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.(P7)然而，在1932年淞沪会

39、战爆发后，钱做出了把专业改为航空制造业的决定，因为他意识到中国需要自 己强大的空军来保护并且保卫这个国家。C词块必记break down(机器)损坏；破坏；(身体/精神)垮下来；感情失去控制break up拆散，分开；驱散，解散；分手break in强行闯入，侵入；插话break into闯入，侵入；突然发出/做出break off折断；中断；停止说话；(工作中)稍作休息break through 突破j即学即用选短语填空break out, break off, break through, break in, break into, break down, break upThe meet

40、ing didnt break up until noon.A big firebroke out in the town last night.Dontbreak in while others are speaking.After ten years of hard work, his health is breaking down .We hope tobreak through soon in the fight against AIDS.There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break into the house.T

41、he two countries broke off diplomatic relations because of war.n charge of主管；掌管j教材原句He received a heros welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing Chinas rocket science but also its space and missile programme.(Ps)他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎，不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭事业还有它的太空导弹项目。C词块必记(l)in char

42、ge负责；掌管in the charge of sb./in ones charge 由负责take charge of 掌管/负责(2)free of charge 免费(3)charge sb. for sth.为某物向某人收取费用charge sb. with (doing) sth.控告某人(做)某事j即学即用单句语法填空They left me in chargeof the children for a week.I am leaving the school in your charge.How much did they charge for the repairs?句式升级H

43、e is in charge of the newspapers advertisement section.-*The newspapers advertisement sectionis in ihe charge of him .The newspapers advertisement sectionis in his charge .典型句式精析. where引导的定语从句j教材原句Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.(P2)斯诺先在地图上标出了所有死者曾经

44、生活的精确地点。K考点必记IX(l)where引导定语从句时，其先行词一般是表示地点的名词，它在定语从句中作地点状语，此时where 相当于 at/in/on+whicho(2)用where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，因为先行词也可能是含有抽象地点意 义的名词。如：point, case, stage, condition, situation, occasion, activity, relationship(3)使用where引导时在从句里的意思为“在情况/程度/关系/状况下在关系中在 中”等。j即学即用单句语法填空This zoo is not the only pla

45、ce where the animal can be seen.Shes got herself into a dangerous situation where shes likely to lose her life. Noise is coming to the point where we cant put up with it.I have heard of a case where a soldier riding a bus did not offer his seat to a woman with a baby.that引导表语从句j教材原句The truth was tha

46、t the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.(P3) 事实是宽街水泵的水已被废物污染了。K考点必记IX(1)从属连词that引导表语从句时，没有实际意义，也不作任何成分，仅起连接作用。但通常不可省略。(2)可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。(3)在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”表示， should 可省略。常见的词有 advice, suggestion order, proposal, plan, i

47、dea 等。j即学即用单句语法填空The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.The chance is that our team will finish at the top, as our remaining matches arent too difficult.完成句子我难过的原因是他没

48、有理解我。The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me .我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。My suggestion is that we (should) start early inmorrow课后巩固运用.单句语法填空We are faced with two apparently contradictory (contradict) statements.The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against infection (infecl).The

49、authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.I think Tom, rather than you is to blame (blame) for the matter.Pilcher was suspecled (suspect) of giving away government secrets to the enemy.Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were

50、handled (handle).Despite theintervention (intervene) ofhe international community, the two countries were unableto settle their differences.To decrease (decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.(2020天津卷)Thanksto the Si

51、lence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the soundwithout upsetting the boy or his parents.(2020江苏卷)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation (transform).完成句子.我们还没决定去哪儿过暑假。(疑问词+todo)We havent decided where to go for our summer holiday.放学后我

52、要去修自行车。(have sth.+o.-ed)ril have my bike repaired after school.通常，公共汽车太拥挤，我们找不到坐的地方。(so.that)Usually, its so crowded on the bus that we cant find anywhere to sit.今年春季我国的所有学校推迟开学的原因是新冠病毒的全球暴发。(表语从句；定语从句)The reason why all schools in our country delayed opening this spring is that the novel coronaviru

53、s broke out all over the world .这位老师不能理解的是对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少。(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句) What the teacher couldnt understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.我感觉我的心脏好像停止跳动了。(as if引导表语从句)I felt as if my hearl had slopped .此教材与语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。John Snow Defea

54、ts “King CholeraCholera used to be one of the most feared1. diseases (disease) in the world until John Snow showedhow it could be overcome. Cholera, as 2. a deadly disease of its day, threatened ordinary people. No one knew its cause or its cure. Every time cholera broke out, large numbers of 3. fri

55、ghtened (frighten) people died. John Snow was determined 4. to solve (solve) this problem. He knew only if he found its cause would it be controlled.There were two theories that 5. possibly (possible) explained how people got infected. John Snow 6. subscribed (subscribe) to the theory that cholera w

56、as caused by an infection from germs in food or water.In 1854 another outbreak of cholera hit London. John Snow began to investigate. He marked the places on a map, 7. which gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. He found many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.

57、 Some households had no deaths 8. because these people drank free beer. It seemed that the water pump was 9. to blamn (blame). He made further research and concluded that polluted water led to the disease. Finally “King Cholera 10. was defeated (defeat). Thanks to John Snow, we now know how to preve

58、nt cholera.w.单元主题与高考写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成满分作文假定你是李华，应你校校报英文版编辑邀请写一篇介绍亚历山大弗莱明的短文，写作要点如下：1.简 要介绍人物；2.人物的贡献；3.对人物进行评价。1. Born in Scotland (出生在苏格兰)，Alexander Fleming was brought up by his mother and his elder brother.Supported by them the brilliant boy got educated in a medical school in London. 2. After g

59、raduating from college (大学毕业之后),he made great contributions to medical science, but 3, il was his discovery of penicillin that (正是他发现了青霉素)earned him a lasting reputation.Once and for all, he was known for that achievement, 4. for which he received a Nobel Prize (为此他获得了 诺贝尔奖).It is clear that Fleming

60、 is one of the most outstanding scientists in history.UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES(主题语境：人与社会跨文化沟通)课前自主预习I .单词巧练写准并记牢高考与教材分类识记课标词汇（一）重点词汇一我会写complexa/复杂的；难懂的：（语法）复合的recall vt. &式.记起；回想起involve .包含；需要：涉及；影响；（使）参加insightn.洞察力；眼光departure n.离开；启程；出发settingn.环境；背景；（小说等的）情节背景grasp5.理解；领会；抓紧dramatic时.巨大的；突然的；急