2022年天津市河东区高三下学期联合考试英语试题含解析

1、2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷考生请注意：.答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记.第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的 位置上。.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题L 5分，满分30分）What do you think of Betty?Lovely, though she be naughty sometimes.A. shouldB. mustC. can D. needWhat about asking thes

2、e new graduates to take on the task?I m afraid not. While they are energetic and ambitious,of them seems to be suitable for this demanding job.A. no one B. everyone C. none D. fewIt is believed that many more popular terms on the Internet this year.A. will be createdB. have createdC. are created D.

3、are creatingYou know, people have different opinions about the construction of the project.- We welcome any comments from them, favorable orA. soB. otherwiseC. else D. ratherThis is the first time that we a film in the cinema together as a family .A. seeB. had seenC. saw D. have seenAs he works in a

4、 remote area, he visits his parents onlyA. anxiously B. occasionallyC. practically D. urgentlyProfessor Wang in our school till next Sunday.A. will have stayedB. has stayed C. is staying D. stayedWhat surprised us most is that he doesnt know the differences between the two books lie.A. that B. what

5、C. which D. whereIt is widely acknowledged in foreign companies that employees should be in terms of innovation capability.A. examinedB. evolvedC. evaluatedD. encouragedI don51 care for baseball.How can you say you dont like something youve never even tried it!A. till B. after C. unless D. whenHave

6、you seen Jiang Wen movieLe/ the Bullets F/yrecently?一Yes. I it twice last week, At home and in the theatre.A. had enjoyed B. enjoyed C. have enjoyed D. was enjoyingIt a Saturday afternoon in May Margaret could arrange for me to meet her elder,sister.A. was until; when B. was until;thatC. was not unt

7、il; when D. was not until; thatTheir flight due to bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take off.A.had beendelayedB.wasdelayedC.has beendelayedD.willbedelayedWhy do you turn to me for help you can easily work out the problem independently?A.untilB. whenC.afterD. unless Mom, can

8、you give me an extra 200 yuan a month? Son, we have just bought a house, and from now on we need to practise strict ,A. economy B. medicine C. self-control D. patienceYou should set a goal and see you can achieve it in the coming exam.A. whichB. whatC. whether D. whenIf you leave this application fo

9、rm and go to another website, you will lose you have already filled out on thisform.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whereverD. wheneverMost students study because ifs unavoidable., there are students who actually enjoy it.A. As a resultB. In additionC. In conclusion D. By contrastI have no idea what made th

10、e students so excited and crazy.-；it have been their teams victory in the finals?A. MustB. CouldC. Would D. ShouldThe number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show,families saw a rise in female breadwinners.B. asC. because D. though第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C

11、、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（6 分）Exposing living tissue to suhfreezing temperatures for long can cause permanent damage. Microscopic ice crystals （结晶体）cut cells and seize moisture （潮气）,making donor organs unsuitable for transplantation. Thus, organs can be made cold for only a few hours ahead of a procedure. But

12、 a set of lasting new antifreeze compounds （化合 物）similar to those found in particularly hardy （耐寒的）animalscould lengthen organs shelflife.Scientists at the University of Warwick in England were inspired by proteins in some species of Arctic fish, wood frogs and other organisms that prevent blood fro

13、m freezing, allowing them to flourish in extreme cold. Previous research had shown these natural antifreeze molecules （分子）could preserve rat hearts at -1.3 degrees Celsius for up to 24 hours. But these proteins are expensive to extract （提取）and highly poisonous to some species. wFor a long time every

14、one assumed you had to make synthetic （人造的）alternatives that looked exactly like antifreeze proteins to solve this problem, says Matthew Gibson, a chemist at Warwick who co-authored the new research. uBut we found that you can design new molecules that function like antifreeze proteins but do not ne

15、cessarily look like them. ”Most natural antifreeze molecules have a mixture of regions that either attract or repel water. Scientists do not know exactly how this process prevents ice crystal formation, but Gibson thinks it might throw water molecules into push-pull chaos that prevents them from tun

16、ing into ice. To copy this mechanism, he and his colleagues synthesized spiral-shaped molecules that were mostly water-repellentbut had iron atoms at their centers that made them hydrophilic, or water-loving. The resulting compounds were surprisingly effective at stopping ice crystals from forming.

17、Some were also harmless to the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, indicating they might be safe for other animals.“These compounds are really cool because they are not proteinsthey are other types of molecules that nonetheless can do at least part of what natural antifreeze proteins do, say Clara do

18、Amaral, a biologist at Mount St. Joseph University, who was not involved in the research. Gibsons antifreeze compounds will still need to be tested in humans, however, and may be only part of a solution. uWe dont have the whole picture yet, “do Amaral adds. wIfs not just one magical compound that he

19、lps freeze-tolerant organisms survive. Ifs a whole suite of adaptations.1、What will happen if organs are kept for a long time in temperatures below zero?They will have ice crystal formation inside.They will not suffer permanent damage.They will have longer shelf life.They will be fit for transplanta

20、tion.2、What can we learn about natural antifreeze proteins?They look like Gibsons antifreeze compounds.They are composed of antifreeze molecules harmless to other species.They are spiral-shaped and have iron atoms at their centers.They can be found in organisms living in freezing cold weather.3、How

21、are antifreeze molecules prevented from ice crystals?By creating compounds both water-repellent and water-loving.By extracting the proteins from some hardy animals.By making synthetic alternatives like antifreeze proteins.By copying spiral-shaped molecules mostly water-resistant.4、Whafs the main ide

22、a of the passage?Push-pull chaos might prevent water molecules from turning into ice.The final solution to preserving donor organs has been found recently.Chemicals inspired by Arctic animals could lengthen organs shelflife.Gibsons antifreeze compounds can do what natural antifreeze proteins do.22.（

23、8 分） A good book is indeed the best friend of a person. The same goes for high-profile CEOs of world recognized companies as well. Lefs have a look at the favorite books of some of the world-famous CEOs.Apple CEOTim Cook, Competing against Time by George Stalk Jr. and Thomas M. HoutThis book is base

24、d on 10 years of valuable research done by the authors. It talks about how new concepts of managing time in new product development, production and sales provide companies with the advantages to succeed in this highly competitive world.Microsoft CEO（Former）Bill Gates, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D.

25、SalingerA few themes explored in the novel are rebellion （叛逆）,anxiety and confusion. It tells that young people are a little confused, but can be smart about things and see things that adults dont really see. Gates said, w I didnt actually read The Catcher in the Rye until I was 13, and ever since t

26、hen Pve said thats my favorite book.”Oracle CEOLarry Ellison, Napoleon by Vincent CroninThis book is considered by far the best biography ever written on Napoleon Bonaparte. Ellison said, MIt,s interesting to read about him for a couple of reasons: to see what an ordinary man can do with his life an

27、d to see how history can distort （歪曲）the truth entirely.*OWE CEO Oprah Winfrey, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper LeeThis book talks about how a little girl observes the people around her. Winfrey said, w I read it in eighth or ninth grade, and I was trying to recommend the book to other kids. So it m

28、akes sense to me that now I have a book club, because I have been doing that probably since I read this book.” 1、What is the theme of Competing Against Time?How to increase production.B.How to improve efficiency.C.How to enrich experience.D.How to save energy.2、Which book may be chosen by parents to

29、 learn about rebellious kids?A.Competing against Time.B.The Catcher in the Rye.C.Napoleon,D.To Kill a Mockingbird,3、What can be inferred from Winfreys words?A. She loved reading when young.She read the book with other kids.The book has an influence on her career.The book is about a girls thoughts.23

30、. （8 分）Steve and I pulled trash for four solid hours continuously, except for about five minutes when we stopped to talk. My shoulder hurt badly each time I put another full barrel on it, and my legs occasionally trembled as I was heading for the street. But the rest of me said, “Go, trashman, go.”I

31、 could not have imagined there would be joy in this. Dump. Lift. Walk. Lift. Walk. The hours flew by. Saturday meant many people were outdoors working in their gardens or greenhouses. Most of them looked approachable enough. There wasnt time for lengthy talks but enough to exchange greetings that go

32、 with civilized ways. But I was shocked to find that this wasnt the case.When I said hello to them, most often the response was either nothing at all, or a surprising stare because I had spoken.One woman in a housecoat was startled as I came around the corner of her house. At the sound of my greetin

33、g, she gathered her housecoat tightly about her and retreated quickly to the door. I heard the lock click.Steve complained angrily on the long ride to the dump: They dont realize were humans.1 had originally planned to stay at this employment for only two days but now Im going to continue. 1 have de

34、cided, too, to keep saying hello in peoples yards. It doesnt do any harm, and it still feels right. Frankly, Im doing an essential task. I left this country a little cleaner than I found it this morning. Not many people can say that tonight.John Gardner wrote that a society which praises its philoso

35、phers and looks down on its plumbers （管子工）is in trouble. Neither its pipes nsr its theories will hold water, he warned. He might have gone a step further and called for respect for both our economists and our trashmen; otherwise, theyll both leave rubbish behind.1、How did the woman feel when she hea

36、rd the authors greeting?A. Doubtful. B. Embarrassed.C. Frightened. D. Pitiful.2、At the end of the passage, whafs the authors attitude to his job?He is ashamed of it. B. He is boastful about it.C. He is proud of it. D. He isnt serious about it.3、What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph

37、 mean?A. Both the facilities and the thoughts of society may go wrong.Both the trashmen and the economists should not be respected.Both practice and theories are important.Both the pipes and the theories make sense.4、Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. An Experience as a Tra

38、shman B. The TrashmanC. Economists and Trashmen D. Misunderstanding24. （8 分） Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder （圆柱体）rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when th

39、e rooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcohol-soaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylinder is returned, carefully, to its rest

40、ing place.Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its holiest relic. It is the defining mass （质量）against which all other kilograms are measured. This is the intern

41、ational prototype, or standard, of the kilogram. The IPK, in short.Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations9 weights and measures systems.But the days of the IPK, in its current form, are numbered.

42、 The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement - based on electric current - in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.“One key reason for doing this work is to

43、provide international security,” says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson.uIf the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the worlds metric weights system. There would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder i

44、n Paris, after all.”Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. fcfcDrug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gr

45、am, says Robinson. wWe need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”1、What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?Ifs cared for with great devotion.Its used in religious ceremonies.Its beautifully designed and decorated.Its the most valuable metal in the world.

46、2、Which of the following best explains dethroned” underlined in paragraph 5?A. rebuiltB. removedC. destroyedD. upgraded3、What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?To protect the metal cylinder from damage.To make taking measurements more economical.To provide all countries with the same standar

47、d.To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.4、What can be a suitable title for the text?No more kilosA heavy technologyThe future of the kiloThe history of measures25. （10 分）Dark Sky Parks around the WorldWarrumbungle National ParkSituated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Austra

48、lias only dark sky park, Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australias largest optical telescope withi

49、n the park boundaries to view the auroras（极光），the Milky Way, and faint shooting stars.SarkSark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the Worlds First Dark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourist

50、s annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies. A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.Pic du Midi de BigorrePic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark sky park in December

51、 201 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3.112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCOs World Heritage site, Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyrenees, which was b

52、uilt in 1870, is one of the worlds highest museums at a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.Ramon Crater/Makhtesh RamonRamon Crater is a unique 1,100-square-kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the M

53、iddle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, pl

54、anets, and the Milky Way.1、Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?Sark.Pic du Midi de Bigorre.Warrumbungle National Park.Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.2、What do we know about Sark from the passage?Not a single car runs there.It was an island belonging to Normandy.The Milky Way can only be

55、seen there.Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.3、What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?A. High altitude.B. The large area.C. Geographical conditions.D. Cultural features.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题L 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.（30 分） Even if youve n

56、ever been to Phoenix in Arizona, you probably know this about the place: its terrible1, From June to September, the temperature can easily climb up to an unbearable point. But thatdoesnt2 hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hard walk to the top of the citys famous Camelback Mountain.Signs 3 that the

57、 trail is extremely difficult. If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And 4 voure still not stopped, another 5 farther up declares: If youre halfway through your water, turn around!”6 many people hardly pay any attention to the warnings. Fortunately, Scott

58、 Cullymore does. When hes not 7 his carpet-cleaning company nearby, the 53-year-o）d Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, 8 cold bottles of water to 9 hikers. He has helped so many hikers that he has 10 a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel. uFd like a more manl

59、y name, but, you know/9 he joked. Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 201511 a British tourist died after being lost for nearly sixhours in the hot July. That experience 12 him to start helping people 13 caught by the unforgiving version of Mother Nature. “They lack deep understanding of

60、the mountain, and they feel too 14 of what they can do, and so they get themselves in trouble/9 he told the Arizona Republic. If a hiker has a flushed face and is not sweating anymore, Cullymore says that he 15 his backpack, pulls out a frosty bottle, and hands it to the person. Its 16 that were saf