英语四级选词填空练习

1、英语四级选词填空专项练习Passage 1What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We re2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity（月巴胖）. Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence（矛盾情结）li

2、es in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop（ 经济作物）wasn t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has be

3、en one of inharmony. Do as Romansdo means eating what “real Americans eat, but our nation s food has come to be5 byimports pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has

4、 been a medium for the nation s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sitins atsouthern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6But strong opinions have not b

5、rought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. Wehave become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It s nocoincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagina

6、tion in such bondage（ 束缚）.It s what we eat and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers that help define America as a community today.answerI. creativeresultJ. beliefshareK.suspiciousguiltyL. certaintyconstantM.obsesseddefinedN. identifyvanishO. idealsadaptedPassage 2Afterthe violent earthqu

7、akethat shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquakescientistshad good news to report:The damage and death toll（ 死亡人数）could havebeen much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar _1_ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.Injuries and deaths we

8、re _2_ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 . On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city s highway. In addition, _3_ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city s buildings and highways, making them more _4_ to quakes.In t

9、he past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet _5_ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building andits foundation to _6_ the impact of ground vibrations. The most

10、 _7_ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake s vibrations. Whenground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would _8_ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The

11、new designs should offer even greater _9_ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.The new smart structures could be very _10_ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.AchangesIresistantBflexibleJexpensivedecreaseKforceDrecentLaccordi

12、nglyEpushMintensityFreduceNsecurityGrelativelyOopposedHsafetyPassage 3Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually1 you moneyor can add to the cost. Take the2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buyinga

13、 hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whoselook you like and which is also the cheapest4 price. But when you get it homeyou may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5to dry your costof the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make yo

14、ur hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 6 when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable7 in excellent condition, you ll be savingmoney in the long run. Before you buy a new 8 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it

15、to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10 three items or three estimates.possessionG simpleB save H withbest I inapplianceJ elementmaterialK modelfrom L itemQ reasonableM easyQ reasonableN

16、adoptPassage 4There s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected b

17、y the same computer 4 that oft en can t get next week s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our c

18、ars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6is up 1 F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote s

19、pots have warmed much more. The results aren t pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.The 9 are happening largely out of sight.But they shouldn t be out of mind,because they are omens of what s in store for the 10 of the planet.Imelting JvanishingKerodi

20、ng Ltemperature Mcuriosity Nchanges OskillfulImelting JvanishingKeroding Ltemperature Mcuriosity Nchanges OskillfulFclimate Gskill HappetitePassage 5to work,It seems you always forget your reading glasses when you are rushing your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you ar

21、e shopping.to work,Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientistsare developing memory glasses that record everything the 2 sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the gla

22、sses also 3 the user to label items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifyingcertain 4 by pointing at them. Objectsindicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plant

23、s by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said: A car mechanic for _8_ could find at a glancewhere a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired.For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spo

24、ts or dangers on the road.In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.usercomplicatedusercomplicatedwhiteannoyingsuccessfulN articlesO simpleinstanceblankindustrialfrustrati

25、ngitemsindicatinghighlightPassage 6For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? thepopulationis ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? species are becoming _2 in vast numbers, and the planet s air

26、and w ater are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 not less so, since the book The Limits to Growth was published in 1972 by a group of scientists.Second, more food isnow produced per 4 of t

27、he world s population than at any time in history. Fewerpeople are 5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about % of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 2550%, as has so often been 或 And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have

28、been 乙 or are transient - associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution - the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well i

29、nto our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating (令人心神不安的 )problem. A bigger problemmay well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief thatenvironmental standards are declining disjunction between 10 and reality.en

30、vironmental standards are declining disjunction between 10 and reality.poseexaggeratedacceleratingextinctexistperceptionwealthymagnifiedand some factors seem to cause thisstarvingheadrunningpredictedM)abundantconceptionreducingPassage 7EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable

31、change in the climate of the strange_1happens every five to eight starts in the PAacificOcean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds( 信风 )， which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in 2,theocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current

32、flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5C.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching hot,humid(潮湿的 )air over theocean causes severe rainfall is increased acrossAounth American 4floodsto the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and while some parts of the world perpare for he

33、avy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and5.EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the most_6weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left morethan 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds 7_of 1990 EI Ninowill 9_,but t

34、hey are still not _10_sure what leads to it or what affectshow strong it will be.I)completely J)destructive K)starvation L)bringing M)exhaustion N)worth O)strikeA)estimateI)completely J)destructive K)starvation L)bringing M)exhaustion N)worth O)strikeB)strength C)deliberately D)notify E)tropicalF)ph

35、enomenonG)stable H)attractionPassage 8Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them _1_ to people saying there is anything different about them.“ I m really just a normal guy, _2_ an actor who has recentl

36、y rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their _3_ fans suggest. They start to wear _4_ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. Theyfa

37、ll back to reality as fast as they had _5_ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such _6_ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to _7_ from your dream andrealize you; are only human? Some only see the _8_ in l

38、osing something they had gained. They often make _9_ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become _10_ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.A) desperateB) disappointi

39、ngA) desperateC) cruelty D) bankrupt E) fancy F) protectsG) altitude H) similarlyC) cruelty D) bankrupt E) fancy F) protectsG) altitude H) similarlyI) wakeobjectworshippingdignityoriginallyprotestsPassage 9When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of En

40、glish .Education soon became a _1_. “ I couldn t understandanything, ” he said. He _2_ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thoughtabout dropping out.Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his _3_Spanish. “ She helped me stay sma

41、rt while teaching me English , ” he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he _4_ confidence and began to succeed in school.Today, he is a _5_ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he _6_ through bilingual educa

42、tion to treat his patients.Roberto s story is just one of _7_ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most _8_ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students _9_ outperform their peers in monolingual

43、programs. Calexico, Calif. , implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college _10_ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nat

44、ion.wonderacquiredconsistentlyregainednightmarenativeacceptanceeffectivePassage 10hidprominentdecentcountlesshidprominentdecentcountlessrecalledbreakthroughO) automaticallybeendrawn intofor Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名 ) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998.children have been taking part in

45、 peace education _1_. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名 ) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998.groups of children_3_ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues inColombia, eventually forming a group with five other sc

46、hools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom _4_ opportunitiesfor children to replace angry,violent behaviors with _5_, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step _6_toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators

47、 have access to many online resources that are _7_ useful when helping children along the pathto peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and _8_ on starting a Kindness Campaign.The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call

48、attention to children s rights and how to help the _9_ of war. Starting a Peacemakers Clubis a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the _10_ school.victimstechnologyvictimstechnologyC) roleD) respectivelyE) projectsF) offers

49、G) informationH) imagesI) forwardJ) especiallyK) entireL) cooperativeM) comprehensiveN) assumingO) acting【答案及详解】Passage 1【全文翻译】美国人如何看待食物呢?我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要最好的，但是却热衷于享受垃圾食品; 我们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥胖却又空前地在蔓延。也许，这种矛盾源于我们的历史。首批来到这个大陆的欧洲人是为了寻找新的香料，但却一无所获;首种经济作物不是用来吃的，而是用来吸得。那时， 旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。移

50、民的经历也与此有内在的关系。入乡随俗意味着要吃“典型的美国人”的饮食， 但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。美国最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。无论是在波士顿倾茶事件中，还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中，食物都曾被用来作为界定斗争的一种手段，这也许是不足为奇的。无论是出于宗教原因而戒酒，还是由于政治避难而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的。美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的。我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们的成分时。对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的想象力束缚在食物之中

51、，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是偶然的。1. D feel 是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. 对感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。be obsessed with为固定搭配，原意为“被附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。A 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to 的搭配， 可以推断出正确选项answer.I本句根据more和ways可以判

52、断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令， 却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”， 可以确定I 为正确选项。F 本题较难。根据 be 和 by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过 but 转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定 F 为正确选项。政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons 来推断此处填政治结果。L 由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring 的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词， 做 bring 的宾语。根据下文解释， “美国人对他们所吃的食

53、物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定 L 为正确选项。K 系动词 become 后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of 形成短语be/becomesuspicious of 对感到怀疑“。J 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in 的搭配， 可以推断出正确选项belief ，(have)belief in sth. 相信”。C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项为share, share sth.with sb., “与某人分享某事”。Passage 2【全文翻译】1994 年洛杉矶发生强烈大地震后，地震学家报告了一个好消息：地

54、震所造成的伤亡和损害并不大。此次地震有60 多人丧生。相较而言，美国 1998 年发生的相似强度的地震造成的伤亡多达25， 000 人。洛杉矶地震伤亡人数相对较少，是因为地震发生在凌晨4： 31 ，而当天是个假日。当时城市公路上的车辆稀少。此外，在过去的20 年中洛杉矶市对建筑法规所做的修订使城市的建筑和道路系统更加坚固，增强了抗震能力。在过去，防震建材指的是坚固并且有弹性的材料，如钢材和木材，它们即使弯曲也不会折断。 后来， 人们尝试着将建筑物从地基上提起来，然后在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材，从而减少地面震动对建筑物的影响。最新的建筑设计不仅为建筑提供水泥和钢筋支撑，而且还赋予它智能，从

55、而成为智能建筑，让建筑物能像生命有机体那样对地震做出反应。当地面震动而导致建筑物顶部向前倾斜时，计算机将会迫使建筑物向相反方向移动。这种新的建筑设计能够使处于地震多发区的城市更为安全。这种新型的智能型建筑造价高昂。然而，它可以挽救许多人的生命，而且在地震中不大可能受到损害。1.选M)。此处应填名词，作介词 of的宾语，作为后置定语修饰earthquake ，说明该名词是“地震”的自然属性。选项中的名词有 changes， safety ， intensity 和 security ，只有 intensity 可以表示地震的强度，故选M)。选G)。此处应填副词，用来修饰形容词less。选项中的副

56、词有relatively 相对的”和 accordingly “相应的”，第一段说这次地震和 1998 年的那次地震程度一样，但造成的损失却小很多，再从后句中“高速路上的车辆不是很多”可以推断： 这次的地震造成的“死伤人数”与 1998 年比少很多，即少是相对的，故选G)relatively 。选 A) 。空格中要填的词是本句话中的主语，应为名词。这句话的主干是havestrengthened the city s buildings and highways, 从第三段的内容和注释3 的解析可知：建筑结构发生了变化，故应选择A)changes 。选 I) 。此处应填形容词，和其前面的more

57、 构成形容词的比较级，描述新型建筑与地震有关的性能。them = the city s buildings and highways, have strengthened 被加固 说明他们更有抵御风险的能力了。选项中的四个形容词只有resistant 符合这个意思，故选I) 。选 B)。 此处应填形容词，修饰名词materials 。 从后面的.bentwithout breaking 即使弯曲也不会折断 ， 说明是有韧性的材料。选项中的四个形容词只有flexible 表示“柔韧的，可变形的，故 B)正确。选 F) 。此处应填名词。根据上下文insert rubber and steel be

58、tween the buildingand its foundation “在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材”是为了减少 the impact of ground vibrations 地面震动对建筑物的影响 。 选项中 decrease 和 reduce 都可以表示“减少”的意思，前者指稳定的逐步地减少， 后者强调在大小、程度或强度方面下降或减少。故 F)reduce 更符合题意。选D)。根据注释3,可以推知，这里要填的词是和前面的In the past, Laer 相对应的， 选项中的形容词中只有recent 可表示时间，the most recent desighs “最近的设计”，在原

59、文中可以对应“过去，后来”，故D)为正确答案。18.选K)。前面提到了智能建筑，这里说明当地震使这样的建筑向前倒的时候，电脑会 怎样它，使它相反方向移动。在动词push 和 force 之间悬着。push 强调的是外加的力量，而这里的拖力者是与智能建筑一体的计算机系统，故这里force 符合文意。. 选 N) 。此后应填名词，做动词offer 的宾语。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的抗震措施，本句是这些措施的结果。抗震型建筑为城市提供的应该是更多的安全保障，选项中表示“安全”的词有 safety 和 security ，前者是处于安全状态，不受伤害，没有危险， 多用于人身，货物。后者常指国家社

60、会的免遭战争，灾难而安然无恙，故N)security 更符合文意。.选J)。此处应填形容词。从后面的However后的一句说明智能建筑的优点而得知，However 前所说的是智能建筑的缺点。既然智能建筑很聪明，又是新事物，那么建造起来肯 定会耗费很多资金的，所以选J)expensive 。导读：After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll( 死亡人数) could haveb