高考中冠词的用法-完整精讲版课件

1、 Grammar 2 The definite article and zero article 冠词的定义 冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。冠词有三个:即定冠词(definite article)、不定冠词(indefinite article)和零冠 (zero article)。 不定冠词有两个形式,一个是a, 另一个是an。 a 用在辅音(指的是音标不是指字母)开头的词前, an 用在以元音开头的词前。 a university, an umbrella, a European, an example, a

2、 one-act play, an hourMrs. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for painting -she has won two national prizes.A. a; a B. an; theC. an; a D. the; a不定冠词的基本用法 泛指某一类人或事物的一个。 A boy is waiting for you. 表示某一类人或事物, 相当于any, A horse is an animal. 用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前 面。An old cock is sitting in a tall

3、tree. 用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示“一 阵”、“一场”、“一种”等。例如： snow- a snow 一场雪shower- a shower 一阵暴雨 用在抽象名词之前表示具体介绍:是 什么样的人，是什么样的事物。The little girl is a joy to her parents. He is a success. 和你一块共事很愉快。It is a pleasure to work with you.He did me a great kindness.What a great surprise you gave me. 用于某些固定的词组。 a lot of/ a lo

4、ts 很多 a few 有些 a little 一些 a piece of 一张 to have a rest 休息一下 as a matter of face 事实上定冠词的基本用法: 特指某个或某些人或事物, 或指谈话 双方都知道的人或事物, 或重复上文 提到的人或事物。例如：How do you like the film?There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby is very fat. 指世界上独一无二的事物。The earth i

5、s biggest than the moon, but smaller than the sun. the sky; the universe; the atmosphere 用在单数可数名词之前, 表示某一类 人或事物。如：The lion is more fierce than the wolf. The compass was invented in ancient China. 常用在乐器的名称之前。如： play the violin/piano 用在某些专有名词前：the Peoples Republic of China, the Great Wall, the White H

6、ouse; 在江河、山脉、海洋、湖泊、群岛的名词之前： the Changjiang River; the Yellow River; the Salt Lake在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词, 表示一家人。 the Smiths 史密斯一家人 The Wangs live in the next-door house.不加冠词的情况： 在大多数专有名词、泛指的抽象名 词和物质名词前： We love science. She is fond of music. 在星期、月份、季节或节假日等名 词前： National Day; New Years Day; Womens Day 在称呼语、表示头

7、衔或职务的名词前 Whats wrong with you, Uncle? This is Comrade Yang, chairman of the Students Union.He reported this to Mr Black headmaster of the school. 在三餐饭和球类运动、棋类运动的名词前： I like rice for supper. Lets go and watch them play chess. 国名、人名前面，一般不加定冠词。 China, Japan, England, Mary, Henry等。但有的国名例外，如: the United

8、States, the Philippines, the Peoples Republic of China。 Finish activity 1 on students books. Because they are all uniquethere is only one of them.We usually use the definite article (the) with them. Why do you think this is necessary?The Internet, the World Wide Web , the head teacher , the universe

9、,The world, the sun, the moon, the president, the capitalNotice:I decided to take a year off to travel the world Theres a world of difference between the US and Europe It was the first of August, a perfect day, with a burning sun and cloudless sky.Finish activity 2. Continents: Asia, Europe, Oceania

10、; America,AntarcticaCountries: China, Argentina, Australia, India, France (exceptions: The Netherlands, The Lebanon, the Philippians)Cities: Beijing, London, New York, Sydney, Shanghai (exceptions: The Hague)Plural and uncountable nouns in general statements: Snow is cold. Guns are dangerous.Is ther

11、e (a/the) computer at your school?Do you have (a/the) lesson in the computer room?_Finish activity 3. Choose the correct article to complete each question.3. Can you access (an/the) Internet at school?4. Have you got (a/ the) phone at home?5. Have you got (a/the) computer at home? _1. Does _ headmas

12、ter know how to use a computer?2. Are_ computer important?3. Can you access _ Internet at school?the/theComplete the sentences with the definite article if necessary.4. You need _ software to use a computer?5. _ World Wide Web is full of _ websites./The/EXX. 1.In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck by_

13、beauty of _ nature that he stayed or another night. A. /;/ B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 2. Many people are still in _habit of writing silly things in _ public places. A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the 3. Five years ago her brother was _ university student of _ physics. A. a; the B. an; the

14、C. an; / D. a; / 4. -Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning. - Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 5. I love _ history because it give us _ knowledge of past events. A.the, a B. /;a C. /; / D. a; the 6. Most animals have little connection with_ animals of _ different kind unless they kill them for food. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the7. Many people agree that _ knowledge of English is a must in _ international trade today. A. a; / B. the; an C. the; the D. /;