Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 单元语法讲义-高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册VIP

1、Unit1 Festivals and celebrations动词-ing形式的用法阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分1.These lanterns are amazing.2.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.3.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,in spite of

2、its religious origins.课文中以上四个句中均含有一个动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语,它们在句中充当不同的成分。在句(1)中充当_表语_成分;在句(2)和句(3)中充当_定语_成分;一、动词-ing形式做表语1.动词-ing形式做表语,往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性质、特征等。The result of the game was disappointing.比赛结果令人失望。His life story sounds very moving.他的人生故事听起来很感人。做表语的动词-ing形式,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有:moving,

3、interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等,这类分词有“令人的”的含义,常修饰物。2.动词-ing形式做表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容。可以转换到句首做主语。My hobby is collecting stamps.Collecting stamps is my hobby.我的爱好就是集邮。3.动词-ing形式做表语注意事项:(1)不定式和动词-ing形式都可以做表语,都是用于回答主语“是什么”的,但二者仍有一些区别。不定式做表语强

4、调的是具体的、将要发生的、一次性的动作;动词-ing形式做表语强调的是抽象的、经常发生的、一般性的动作。His job is to paint the walls.他的工作是要去粉刷这些墙。His job is painting walls.他的工作是粉刷墙。(2)动词-ing形式和过去分词都可以做表语,都是用于回答主语“怎么样”的。但动词-ing形式说明主语的特征,过去分词说明主语的状态。This dog is frightening.这条狗令人害怕。(说明狗的特征)This dog is frightened.这条狗害怕。(说明狗的状态)二、动词-ing形式做定语1.单个的动词-ing形式

5、可以做前置定语,一般具有两种含义。(1)表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途,相当于for引导的介词短语。a reading room=a room (which is used) for reading阅览室running shoes=shoes for running 跑鞋(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developing countries=countries that are developing 发展中国家a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles somebod

6、y 困扰人的问题2.做定语的动词-ing形式如果是一个短语,则应放在被修饰词的后面做后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。They lived in a house facing south (=which is facing south).他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basketball(=who is playing basketball)?你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗?语法填空1It is a common _belief_ (believe) that computer games affect childrens study.2Thank

7、sgiving Day is a happy festival because the food is gathered for the winter and the _agricultural_ (agriculture) work is over.3Its important that parents know of any situation that can be of great _significance_ (significant) to their childrens behaviour and school performance.4The club offers its _

8、congratulations_ (congratulate) to Brown on his appointment as president.5I compared the copy with the _original_ (origin) painting, but there was not much difference.6All the “monsters” are said to have a big party on Halloween.To celebrate the festival, kids will dress _up_ in scary clothes.7In to

9、days competitive economy where everyone is trying to do more with less, youve got to figure _out_ a way to profit from the very beginning.8My experience this summer made me reflect _on/upon_ how much we used WiFi.Its possible not to be so dependent on it.9.Its typical _of_ him to set his aim high bu

10、t do little, so he is always leaving things undone.10It was the first occasion _when_ they had both found it possible to reach an agreement.The Agricultural Feast _falls_(fall) after the Independence Day.It is not a worldwide celebration.Only Christians in Mexico look forward to its arrival for its

11、_religious_ (religion) origin.Long ago, mans ancestors were bad.They fooled and played tricks on each other and never kept their word.So annoyed was God _that_ he turned up and drowned all their crops.Consequently, many people starved to _death_(die)In order to gain Gods forgiveness, a woman poet se

12、t off _to see_(see) God, and made apologies, which moved God.With his permission, human beings finally had good harvests again.Thus to wipe sadness and remind _themselves_ (they) of the belief in God, people began to celebrate the festival.On the day of the festival, people gather in the open air, s

13、uch as in playgrounds or parking lots, and have fun with each other energetically all night long, as though they were never tired.When a beauty _dressed_ (dress) in lovely clothing reads poems in memory of _the_ poet, everyone holds their breath.Then, it is the custom that the bone of a rooster head

14、 is given to her_as_ an award.Obviously, the story may not be true, _but/yet_ the festival is interesting.七选五阅读理解The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with great significance,which is on the 15th of the first lunar month,marking the end of New Year celebrations.Here are several thin

15、gs you should know about the Lantern Festival.The Origins of Chinese lanternsThe origins of Chinese lanterns date back to the Stone Age.The coming of the Bronze Age saw the development of various kinds of lanterns,of which palace lanterns were the most fascinating.1Various lantern festivals became a

16、 hit during the Sui Dynasty,and during the Southern Song Dynasty,the custom of writing riddles on lantern arose.During the Qing Dynasty,magnificent exhibitions of lanterns were held in the capital city.Eating small dumpling ballsJust as the name implies,an important part of the Lantern Festival,or Y

17、uan Xiao Festival,is to eat small dumpling balls made of sticky rice flour.We call these balls Yuan Xiao,or Tang Yuan.2 The dumpling symbolises family unity,completeness and happiness.3When it comes to the Lantern Festival,“Guessing lantern riddles” is an essential component.Lantern owners will writ

18、e riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns in advance.If visitors can answer the riddles,they will get a little gift.Watching fireworksAt night,in addition to lighted lanterns,fireworks form a grand scene.Most families save some fireworks from the Spring Festival and set them off du

19、ring the Lantern Festival.4Dragon danceThe dragon dance is often performed during the Chinese New Year period.5 They are believed to bring good luck to people,therefore the longer the dragon in the dance,the more luck it will bring to the community.A.Guessing lantern riddlesB.Chinese dragons are a symbol of China.C.The ways of celebrating the Lantern FestivalD.Obviously,they get the name from the festival.E.All the Chinese people like watching dragon dance.F.Later,decorative lanterns came to be used in festivals.G.Some local governments will even organise a fireworks display.答