赛课3 详细版课件

1、虚拟语气.虚拟语气用于条件从句中与现在事实相反动词过去式(be的过去式用were)would(could/should/might)动词原形与过去事实相反had动词过去分词would(could/shoud/might)have过去分词与将来事实可能相反动词过去式，should动词原形，were to动词原形would(could/should/ might)动词原形If she knew English，she wouldnt ask me for help.如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。If I were you，I would go to hospital.如果我是你，我会去医院的

2、。If I had known her number，I would have called her.如果我知道她的电话号码的话，我就给她打电话了。If it were to snow this evening，they would not go out.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。(1)在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，而把这几个词放到主语之前，构成倒装结构。Should they have patience，they could do the work well.如果他们有耐心的话，他们就可能把这项工作做好。Had he worked har

3、der，he would have got through the exams.他当时要是学习努力点的话，就会通过这些考试了。Were she to move right now，she would get there on Sunday.她要是马上动身的话，星期天就到那儿了。(2)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。If you had followed my advice just now，you would be better now.如果你刚才接受我的建议，你现在会好些。If you ha

4、d studied hard before，you would be a college student now.如果你从前努力学习，你现在会是一名大学生。 2.虚拟语气用于主语从句中(1)在句型Itbe形容词that.(should).中。常见的形容词有：necessary，good，important，right，wrong，better，natural，proper，funny，strange，surprising，unthinkable等。Its necessary that we (should) have a walk now.我们有必要出去散散步。Its natural that

5、 she (should) do so.她这样做是很自然的。(2)在句型Itbe过去分词that.(should).中。常见的过去分词有：desired，decided，suggested，requested，ordered，proposed等。It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.有人建议会议应推迟。(3)在句型Itbea pity/no wonder that.(should).中。It is a pity that you (should) lose the chance.很遗憾你失去了这个机会。 3.虚拟语气用于宾语从

6、句中(1)wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。其谓语动词构成形式为：宾语从句动作与wish同时，用过去时。宾语从句动作先于wish时，用过去完成时。宾语从句动作后于wish时，用could/would/might动词原形，即过去将来时。I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday.I wish they would stop fighting.(2)表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后的从句，用“sh

7、ould动词原形”，should常可省略。常见的动词有：advise，direct，demand，decide，desire，insist，order，prefer，propose，request，suggest等。The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。 4.虚拟语气用于表语从句和同位语从句中

8、与表示决定、主张、要求、建议、命令的动词相对应的名词advice，demand，order，insistence，desire，requirement，request，proposal，suggestion，command，decision等构成的表语从句和同位语从句中常用“(should)动词原形”结构。He made a suggestion that he (should) stay there.他建议他留在那儿。My advice is that we should think it over before accepting it.我的建议是三思而后行。 5.虚拟语气在其他句型中的应

9、用(1)虚拟语气用于It is(high/about)time(that).句型中(定语从句)在此句型中，从句中的谓语动词一般用过去时或should动词原形，should不可省。It is high time you went home.你该回家了。(2)在as if (as though)引导的从句中，常用虚拟语气，其动词形式的判断要通过与主句动词的比较而定。Alan talked about Rome as if he were a Roman.艾伦谈起罗马来好像他是个罗马人一样。(从句中的动作与主句的动作同时进行)He talks as if he had been to the moo

10、n.他说得就好像去过月球似的。(从句动作发生在主句动作之前)He talks as if he would go to the moon.他说得就好像要去月球似的。(从句动作发生在主句动作之后)(3)would rather后面接从句，用虚拟语气若表示现在或将来要做某事，从句谓语动词需用一般过去时；表示过去已经做的事，从句谓语动词用过去完成时。Frankly speaking，Id rather you didnt do anything about it for the time being.坦白地说，我宁愿你现在对于此事什么也不要做。I would rather you had retur

11、ned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。(4)用介词短语代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with，without，but for。What would you do with a million dollars(if you had a million dollars)？如果你有百万美元，你会怎么做？We couldnt have finished the work ahead of time without your help.(if we hadnt got your help)Without your help，we couldnt have finishe

12、d the work ahead of time.But for your help，.If it had not been for your help，.Had it not been for your help，.要不是你的帮助，我们无法提前完成工作。(5)含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词)He telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.(连词)A man who stopped drinki