医学英语课件资料：Advances in treating acute myeloid leukemia

1、Advances in treating acute myeloid leukemiaMargaret M. Showel and Mark Levis*文章大意abstract摘 要1 insights into the pathogenesis of AML over the last several decades have led to the development of a relatively sophisticated classification scheme that allows more nuanced risk stratification to guide trea

2、tment choices过去几十年对AML的发病机制的认识逐渐加深，相对复杂的分类体系得以提出，差别细微风险分层是更精细的治疗得以进行2improvements in stem cell transplantation have allowed many more patients to take advantage of this highly effective therapeutic technique.提高造血干细胞移植技术的发展使其能在更多地患者中实行Abbrevations精细分类Acute myeloid leukemia with intermediate-riskkaryo

3、typeFLT3/isocitrate dehydrogenaseNPM1Acute myeloid leukemia with favorable-riskkaryotypeC/EBPaAcute promyelocytic leukemiaCore-binding factor leukemiaAcute myeloid leukemia with unfavorable-risk karyotypeMyelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukemiaAbbrevations01020304AML，急性髓细胞性白血病;APL，急性早幼粒细胞白血病;ATRA，全反式维甲

4、酸，全反式维甲酸;CBF，核心结合因子;C / EBP，CCAAT - 增强子结合蛋白;DNMT3A，DNA甲基3A;GVHD，移植物抗宿主病;IDH，异柠檬酸脱氢酶;LSC，白血病干细胞;MDS，骨髓增生异常综合征;MRD，微小残留病;MUD，匹配的无关供者;OS，总生存期;PML，早幼粒细胞白血病;RAR融合基因，维甲酸受体;RIC，降低强度调节;SCT，干细胞移植。常见词汇张林杰 20120106601组成；构成02展现；提出；阐述；证明03假想；假设04重要的VOCABULARY组成；构成Consisting ofCompriseIncludingcomposed ofContainI

5、nvolveEmbrace01组成；构成02展现；提出；阐述；证明03假想；假设04重要的VOCABULARY展现；提出；阐述；证明Manifest inDemonstratePropose Suggest PresentAddress01组成；构成02展现；提出；阐述；证明03假想；假设04重要的VOCABULARY假想；假设PositHypothesisAssumeSuppose01组成；构成02展现；提出；阐述；证明03假想；假设04重要的VOCABULARY重要的Be central toConsiderableSignificantVitalCrucial01目前02因为0304此外

6、；另外VOCABULARY目前At presentCurrentlyFor instantBy/So far01目前02因为0304此外；另外VOCABULARY由于；因为Owing toBecause ofSinceAs01目前02因为0304此外；另外VOCABULARYOriginallyGraduallySubsequentlyNot surprisinglyUltimately01目前02因为0304此外；另外VOCABULARY此外；另外Beyond thatIn additionFurthermoreEven soMoreoverOtherwise/likewise词根与记忆杨怿

7、 201201001Vocabulary Learning-genesisLeukemo/genesisLeukemo-:leukemias variantPatho/genesisPatho-:disease, any disease ofVocabulary LearningMyelo-Myel/o/blast/ic Myel/o: bone marrowBlast/o: productive cell; embryonic cell-Ic: pertaining toMyel/o/dys/plasiaMyel/o: bone marrowdys-: abnormal-plasia: fo

8、rmation, molding, developmentVocabulary Learningant-,anti-anti/emeticanti-infectiousanti/microbialanti-leukemicant/agonistsVocabulary Learningpediatrics vs pediatricped/o: child-atrics: medical specialtyPediatrics: n.Pediatric: adj.Vocabulary Learningrelapsele-: again, backlapse: go back to bad beha

9、viore.g., at least half of these patients eventually relapse and ultimately die without SCT.BiologyPediatric disease accounts for only 6% to 7% of AML cases and has a biology somewhat distinct from that of adult disease.some superfluous wordsNucleophosmin.AnthracyclineHaploidenticalPhrase Learning王赫

10、男 201201010Medical Termsoverall survival (OS) antecedent myelodysplasia (MDS/AML) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) Medical Termsdisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) core-binding factor (CBF) leukemias Semanticsophisticated classification scheme nuanced r

11、isk stratification consolidate remission into cure consolidation therapy Semanticacuity and severity of illness at diagnosis. a differentiation block a growth factor pathway mutation combined with a differentiation block led to AML AML results from a differentiation block of hematopoietic progenitor

12、 cells along with uncontrolled proliferation.Something about latinex vivoin vivoin vitroDe novo长难句部分张靖承 2012010661 The leukemia stem cell (LSC) theory posits that rare stem cells with self-renewal capacity give rise to partially differentiated progeny that comprise the bulk of the leukemia but posse

13、ss only limited proliferative potential and do not have the capacity to initiate or maintain disease白血病干细胞理论假设，只有少部分具有自我更新能力的干细胞才会增殖产生部分分化的后代，然而这些后代细胞虽造成了白血病的症状，但是由于它们保留的增殖潜能有限，所以没有能力来触发并维持疾病的症状。2Despite its limited clinical application thus far, this stem cell hypothesis provided a crucial framewor

14、k in which to incorporate a growing body of genomic data, beginning with the identification of recurrent chromosomal abnormalities associated with certain disease subtypes尽管这个猜想至今为止在临床医学的应用中还是有限的，这个干细胞猜想给我们搭起了一个很重要的框架，整合了越来越多的基因数据。这个基因数据库从识别那些经常发生的染色体异常而导致的特定疾病亚型开始。3Considerable effort has been made

15、 to identify a clinically relevant population of“minimal residual disease” (MRD), which is leukemia identified at very low levels undetectable by standard methods currently used to define remission.我们在确定临床相关的“最小残余疾病”问题上已经做了非常大的努力，用那些以常规方法检测无法检测出的，残余致病细胞量特别少的白血病例作为标准，来标定缓解的程度。感受先找动词认准修饰的句子到底修饰的是哪个词医学

16、论文翻译心得与技巧滕悦 20120100501020304提前阅读中文文献对该领域进行一定了解给专业单词一个固定的翻译善用翻译软件改换中英文的语序和逻辑基于理解的翻译Click toadd titleClick toadd titleClick toadd titleClick toadd title1. 提前阅读中文文献对该领域进行一定了解百度百科文献题目：Advances in treating acute myeloid leukemia中国知网、维基百科、google学术1. 提前阅读中文文献对该领域进行一定了解对可能遇到的症状、并发症、研究手段、治疗方法等有一定的了解明确专有名词的翻

17、译方法了解哪些词不需要翻译OS：Overall survival5年OS2. 给专业单词一个固定的翻译Acute myeloid leukemia（AML）：急性髓细胞性白血病急性髓细胞白血病急性髓性白血病Prognosis:3. 善用翻译软件单词：金山、有道、欧路、灵格斯翻译：百度、谷歌Google翻译完你看不懂，然而你翻译完别人也看不懂4. 改换中英文的语序和逻辑基于理解的翻译Although pediatric AML occasionally presents in tandem with inherited syndromes that manifest in childhood,

18、children overall have fewer comorbidities and tolerate intensive therapy better than adults. Owing to these distinctions, this article will focus on AML in adults.In large part, though, the steady gains in long-term survival in AML have come from advances in SCT methods and also from a better understanding of which patients benefit from intensive SCT, which derived from greater insight into the pathogenesis of