人教版 必修四Unit1 主谓一致课件

1、主谓一致 Subject-Verb AgreementWhat is S-V agreement? 用动词的适当形式填空1. I _ a teacher. (be)2. He _ good at swimming. (be)3. You _ late for school again.(be) 4. They _ many new books. (have)5. She _ two sisters.(have)amisarehavehas根据主语决定与其一致的单数或复数的谓语I am / are seventeen.She is / are sixteen.John gets / get up

2、 at six oclock every morning.They has / have not come yet.There is / are in the room. There is / are no in it. is / are the latest about the Olympic Games?Test 1主语和谓语在人称上一致a deskchairsWhatnews主谓一致的定义 英语句子中，主语的“人称”和“数”要限制、决定谓语动词的形式变化，这就叫“主谓一致”关系。它通常依据三项原则：1）语法一致 2）意义一致； 3）就近一致1. and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作

3、主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1) 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或 事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。如：(is/are) 语法一致He and I _both students of this school. areHorse and rat _both animals. areThe gift is used to have western meals.What is it?a knife and forkA knife and fork is used to have meals. a knife and fork一副刀叉; bread and butter加黄油的面包; coffee

4、 and milk加牛奶的咖啡; whisky and soda 汽水; salt and water 盐水; a needle and thread针线; a horse and cart四轮马车; a watch and chain表链; a coat and tie配有领带的上衣; war and peace战争与和平; truth and honesty真诚; medical help and cure药物治疗；aim and end 目的;3、主语后面带有with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, witho

5、ut, except, including, but 等引导的短语时, 谓语动词必须与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play wasAA library with five thousand books _ to t

6、he nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offeredNobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 4. 连接的并列主语被each, every, no或 many a 修饰时，谓语动词 用单数。Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake

7、. 5.定语从句中,“one of +复数名词+定语从句”从句的谓语动词复数。 若在one of 前有the, the only, the very修饰时，从句的谓语动词则用单数。Eg:1.)She is one of these women who _the violin well.2.)She is the one of these women who _the violin well.playplays6.在强调句中，如被强调的是句子的主语时，则that/who后面的谓语动词应与被强调的主语一致eg: 1.)It is Mike who always _ me to study math

8、s after class.2.)It was I rather than they that _ punished by the boss.helpswas1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples _rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。All of the apple _rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。 are isareisisis主谓一致2、分数或百分数+of ，the rest of , the majority

9、 of ，half of , some of ，all of ，most of 等作主语时, 谓语动词的形式通常与of 后面的名词或短语_。保持一致3. His family isnt very large. 他家成员不多。4. His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。归纳集体名词作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用 _ 形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用 _形式。此类名词有family，class, group，_ _等。单数复数army，enemy，government，team，crew，public，crowd，audience，population

10、，committee，unionThe team _ some good players. (have)The team _ handsome. (be)hasare4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 The police are searching for a thief. The cattle are eating grass on the hill.主谓一致6. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:主谓一致

11、7. 形复意单名词如: news; 以ics结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Nights; 以及 the United Nations 等作主语; 谓语动词要用单数. 如: 就近一致主谓一致1. 由here, there, where引导的倒装句中,(有时主语不止一个时), 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.就近一致. 用连词 or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also 等连接的并列主语, 或者在there

12、 be句型中,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致. 如: Neither you nor I _ wrong. There _a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amisisare就近原则一、用be的适当形式填空。1. Nothing but cars _sold in the shop.因有连词but，所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人称单数。2. Seventy percent of the students in our school _from the countryside.百分数作主语，谓语动词的形式通常与of 后面的名词或短语

13、保持一致。isare3. The number of the people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons.因为The number of .(的数量)作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式；而a number of .表示“许多” 所以谓语动词用复数形式。4. A poet and artist _coming to speak to us about painting tomorrow afternoon.A poet and artist指“诗人兼画家”，所以谓语动词用单数形式。iswaswere

14、5. The whole family _watching TV.family是集体名词，强调个体，所以谓语动词用复数形式。6. Walking and riding _good exercises.walking and riding (步行和骑车)是不同的概念，所以谓语动词用复数形式。areare7. Going to bed early and getting up early _a good habit.Going to bed early and getting up early表示同一概念，所以谓语动词用单数形式。8. Your shoes _ black.shoes 为复数名词，

15、所以谓语动词用复数形式。isare9. This pair of trousers _too long for him.“pair/piece/kind of+名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词与pair， piece， kind 等词的形式保持一致。常见名词有trousers， glasses， gloves， shoes， slippers 等。10. What we need _doctors.what在句中指代复数名词doctors， 所以谓语动词用复数形式。isare二、动词填空 1. Either your students or Mr. Wang _(know) this.eithe

16、r .or .连接两个并列主语，谓语动词根据就近原则来判断。2. Each boy and each girl _(want) to serve the people in future.两个并列的名词前如果有each， every， no， many a 等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。knowswants3. Many a ship _(damage) in the storm.many a+单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。4. More than one student _(see) the film.more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。was damage

17、dhas seen5. Between the two windows _ (hang) a picture.在倒装句中, 谓语动词的形式与其后的主语保持一致。6. Those who _(want) to go please sign your name here.定语从句的谓语动词根据先行词作变化。hangswant7. The blind _(study) in special school.表示类别的the+形容词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。8. So far，every possible means _ (try) to save the miners stuck in the mi

18、ne.means为单复数形式相同的名词，而且every 接单数名词，所以谓语动词用单数形式。has been triedstudy9. When and where to build the new factory _(not decide) yet.动词不定式(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。10. Ten minutes _ (seem) an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.当主语为表示距离、时间、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。has not been decidedseems三、完成句子 1. 钢铁工业对

19、我们的生活有重要意义。The iron and steel industry _.2. 他似乎没理解我的意思，这使我心烦。He seems not to have grasped what I meant，which _.greatly upsets meis veryimportant to our life3. 许多男孩喜欢踢足球。 Many a boy _.4. 到目前为止，这两条新铁路线的工程建设已经结束。The construction of the two new railway lines _ by now.has been completedlikes playing foot

20、ball5. 除经理以外，所有的职员都被鼓励在家中通过网络联机工作。All the employees except the manager _ at home.6. 他是唯一一个连续三年获得奖学金的学生。He is the only one of the students who _ for three years. areencouraged to work onlinea winner of scholarshiphas been7. 每一名学生都在努力学习功课，希望能够升入大学。Each of the students，working hard at his or her lesson

21、s, _.8. 与我一样，简和玛丽厌倦了一次又一次的考试。Not only I but also Jane and Mary _.hopes to go to universityof having one examination after anotherare tired9. 他的“诗选”于1999年第一次出版。His Selected Poems _ in 1999.10. 你的裤子太脏了，应该马上洗洗。Your trousers _that you should _ at once.wash themwas first publishedare so dirty1One or two

22、days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam DbeExercises:3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forwa

23、rd to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known8The teacher as w

24、ell as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed 10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 11. A library with f

25、ive thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered12. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 13. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absen

26、t for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were14. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A . is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 15. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two f

27、ifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are16 No one but her parents _ it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are knowing17. The results of the examination _that you have all made great _ . A. show; progress B. shows; progress C. show; progresses D. shows; progresses18.Here _ a new pair of shoes f

28、or you. A. is B. are C. have D. has高考真题体验Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. （10湖南） A. is B. are C. has D. have2. Such poets as Shakespeare_ widely read，of whose works，however，some _ difficult to understand （10四川）Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：are3. Barbara

29、 is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_evening dress. （10全国）A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn 4.(09山东25)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 5.(09陕西7)Dr. Smith, together with his wife

30、 and daughters, _visit Beijing this summer.is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to6.(09四川17)The teacher， together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was Learning Aims:1.To summarize and rev

31、iew the SubjectVerb Agreement.2.To try to practise the using of agreement. 陆 洋SubjectVerb Agreement (period 1)主谓一致 谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致.I am a teacher She often does her homework in the morning. There is only one box on the table.There are 50 students in our class.但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一

32、致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）意义一致就近原则一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。E g: （1）The number of errors was surprising.错误之多是惊人的（2） We love our motherland .二、 意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。E g（1）The crowd were fighting fo

33、r their lives. 这些人正为生存而战斗。 （2）Three years in a strange land seems like a long time . 在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。 E g(1) Not only his children but also he himself wants to go there . (2) Either my wife or I am going to work there .就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由or ,either

34、or ,neithernor, whetheror.not only but also，notbut连接时;在there be./here be句型中(1)There _a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk.(2)Here _some envelopes and paper for you.(3)Not only his family but also he _ (喜欢）Chaplins movies.(4)You or I _ going to receive them this afternoon.isarelikesam5.Not on

35、ly I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be6. There _ in this room.a. are too much furniture b. is too many furnituresc. are too much furnitures d. is too much furniture7.Neither Tom nor his parents _ at home.a. is b. are c. has d. was8. Either th

36、e dean or the principal _ the meeting.attends attend c. are attendingd. have attended有together with, with, as well as , but , except ,besides,rather than, including ,along, along with, like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.1)They, together with Tom , _ going to swim this afternoon .(be)2) No one but your parents _ th

37、ere then .(be)3) He, like you and your brother, _ very clever. (be)4) The teacher, including his students, _going to see Professor Tell. (be)5) Mary, together with his sisters _ gone back.(have)arewasisishas1.An expert, together with some assistants, _ to help in this work.A. was sent B. were sent C

38、. is sending D. are sending2._ either he or I fit for the job? Neither he nor you _.A. Am; are B. Is; are C. Are; are D. Is; is1.A poet and a novelist have visited our school.2.Wu Dong and Wu Xi _ twin brothers. (be)由and 或both-and 连接主语，谓语动词用复数。are1.The singer and the dancer _ come to the meeting.A.

39、has B. have C. areD. is2. The secretary of the Party branch and the director of that factory often _with the workers.A. works B. workC. is workingD. are working如果and 连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语用单数。Eg: 1）The teacher and writer is her friend . 2) Butter and bread is her favorite food. 3) A j

40、ournalist and author _(live)in the house 4) The doctor and professor _ (be) coming at once.livesiseveryand (every); each and (each) ; no and (no) ; many a and (many a)连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。 1.Every desk and every chair _ made of wood. (be)2.Many a boy and girl _made the same mistake. (have)3.No boy

41、and no girl _ (be) in the classroom.4.Many a student _ (like) pop songs.ishasislikes1.Each man and woman _ the same rights.has b. have c. had d. is having2. Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language.a. have realizedb. has realized c. have been realizedd. has been realizedsome (o

42、f), plenty of, a lot of ,most (of), the rest of ,all (of), half (of), part (of), the majority of,分数或百分数+of +名词等短语作主语时，谓语动词与of 后的名词或则和其替代的名词保持数的一致。1)A lot of students _ waiting outside .(be)2)More than 70 percent of the surface _(be) covered by water .3)The rest of the money _ (belong) to you .are/we

43、reisbelongs1._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth , is B.Two fifth ,areC.Two fifths , is D.Two fifths , are2. I have finished a large part of the book ; the rest _more difficult.A.isB.are C.was D.were 3.The majority of doctors _ smoking is harmful to health.are b

44、elievedb. had believed c. has believed d. believenone 有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。 eg. None of the books are easy enough for us. None of us has a camera. one/every one / each/ either/ neither/the other/another anybody/ anyone/ anything/ somebody/ someone/something/ everybody/everyone/everything/nob

45、ody/ no one/ nothing/ the number+of +复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时，谓语动词用单数。 1.They each _ a new dictionary.A.has B.have C.isD.are2.Each of you _ responsible for the accident.a. am b. be c. is d. are 3.Each of the students in our class _great interest in English and they each _ a copy of New English-Chinese Dicti

46、onary.A.shows；haveB.have；hasC.is；have D.takes；has4.The two sisters are forced to play the piano. In fact，neither of them _ to play it.A.likeB.likedC.likesD.likingOne and a half years has passed.One and a half apples has rotted away.one and a half做主语时，谓语动词用做单数。more 复数名词 than one 和 more than one 单数名词的

47、意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。more than + 两个以上的数字+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。 More students than one were punished. More than one student was punished. 1. More than one worker _ dismissed.have been b. arec. has been d. has2.More than one graduate _ sent to the hardest place since 1979.is B. are C. has been D.

48、 have been1)Four hours is enough to do the experiment .2)Ten dollars is too much to pay for that shirt .3)Thirty feet is long enough .1. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” “I suppose so.”Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were2. Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task.a. are b. has c. is d. were表示时间，数

49、目，距离，价格，度量衡等名词的复数作主语，并作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。Two and two makes/make four.Three times three is nine.算术中的动词单复数都可以, 多用单数。集合名词class , family, army, enemy, team , group , government, staff , audience , crowd, public ,committee 等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单数，若表示组成该集体的成员，谓语用复数。Eg:1) be My family _very large . His family _wait

50、ing for him . 2) be/have The class _ made up of 54 students . All the class _gone to the playground .isare/wereishave1. The committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours.has argued b. has been arguing c. have argued d. have been arguing2.The public _ generous in their contributions to

51、the earthquake victims.is b. was c. are d. has beenEg : 1)The police _ after a thief. 2)Cattle _ on grass . (feed) 3)All the goods _ arrived. (have)arefeedhave1. The youth of China today _ trying their best to study modern science and technology.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are有些名词本身表示复数概念，其谓语动词用复数形式，如people, p

52、olice ,cattle, goods, youth, clothes等。“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时，谓语用复数，若表示某一抽象概念，则用单数 。1)The old _taken good care of here .(be)2)The old _(give) place to the new .3) The true _(be)to be distinguished from the false.4) The rich _(be)for the plan, but the poor against it.aregivesisarewhat, who, which, an

53、y(of) , more, most, all(of) ,half(of), part (of) 等代词作主语，谓语可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要看它们指代的是什么来决定。1 ) Which is your room?2) A man who thinks only himself can never be happy.3) He is not one of those who bow before difficulties.Reading is a good way.To say it is one thing , to do it is another.Early to go to bed

54、 and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 1.Getting to other planets or to the moon _ many problems.involve b. involves c. involving d. to involve 一个不定式，动名词，从句作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。两个或两个以上的不定式，动名词或是从句做主语时，谓语用复数。但是如果这两个结构指一个概念，仍然用单数。clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment,

55、 luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.1、He is one of the students who are modest.2、He is the only one of the students who is modest.3、All those who want to go on a journey ,please sign your names here.在定语从句中，谓语动词总是与先行词保持一致。在倒装句中，谓语动词往往与其后的第一个主语取得一致。也就是说，倒装句要采用就

56、近原则。Where is your mother and your sisters?In the room was found a hat, a few suits of clothes and some shoes and socks.2. On the wall _two large portraits of his parents.A. hangs B.hanged C. hanging D.hang3.Growing around the lake _ wild flowers of different colors.isB. are C. hasD. have一个肯定的主语和一个否定

57、的主语，同时并用，谓语的数往往依肯定的主语而定。You, not I, are to be praised. I ,not you, am be blame.以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语，谓语用单数。Maths is a useful subject.1.The Philippines _ to the south-east of China.a. lies b. lie c. lay d. lays2. Mathematics _ the language of science.is b. has been c. are d. have been由山脉、群岛

58、、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数。The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers, shorts, shoes ,socks, scissors, glasses, compasses,等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。1._ this pair of trousers fit him well?AreB. Is C. DoD. Does2. Strangely enough，a pair of new trousers _among the rubbish.A.were found B.

59、 was foundC.found D. had foundThank you !高中英语中主谓一致的用法主谓一致的定义主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则，也是英语和汉语区别很大的地方。主谓一致的三大原则 一、语法一致原则 二、意义一致原则 三、就近原则一、语法一致原则主语为单数或不可数形式，则谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，则谓语动词也用复数形式。I often help him and he often helps me.We often help each other.二、意义一致主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复

60、数；主语形式为复数，而意义为单数，则谓语动词用单数。The crowd were surrounding the government official.Maths is hard to learn.三、就近原则就近原则即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。例如：There is a pen and two pencils on the desk. 主谓一致三原则：语法一致：单单复复意义一致：形单意复复: people police 形复意单单:news maths就近一致：not onlybut also等由and连接两个名词时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。(both and)The mo