外经贸英语精讲班第32-33讲课件讲义-英译汉长句翻译技巧

1、32 讲课件讲义环球职业训练在线32 讲讲义英译汉长句翻译技巧1英译汉长句翻译技巧找出主干构造和主要信息。英语长句中主要成份上往往带有很多修饰成份 长句时首先要区分出主要成份和修饰成份，可以在原英语句上标识出主要成份和修饰成份， 以便使句子的构造一目了然，并在头脑中整理出该句的主要信息。安排主要信息的挨次。常是先因后果，先摆事实后下结论，时空挨次通常是从大到小。对信息进展拆分和组合。翻译时对英语中冗长的修饰成份可以进展信息拆分某些信息。对英语长句中的多层信息机敏地进展拆分和组合，可使译文简洁明白。5P2695 For chinawhich is already the worlds 9th l

2、argest trading entityit will mean more external trade, and external trade of a better quality. At the same time, China will be cutting its tariffs on a broad range of products, from agricultural to industrial. Tariff reductions allow comparative advantage greater play. They will help eliminate trade

3、 distortions and facilitate more efficient allocation of resources among the trading partner, thus further promoting economic growth globally. 参考译文对于中国这个已成为世界第九大贸易实体的国家来说同时的关税。削减关税将使得相对优势在全球贸易中发挥更大作用，这有助于消退贸易干扰因素，也有利于贸易伙伴之间更加有效的资源配置，全球经济增长也因此得到进一步推动。1、a range of：一系列的，如：The speaker will deal with a b

4、road range of issuesaffecting professional women.We stock a wide range of office furniture.2、eliminate: get rid of 如：Many infectious diseases have been virtuallyeliminated.3、facilitate: make easy如：Modern inventions have facilitated housework.6P2716Reform of Chinas trade regime had four major dimensi

5、ons: increasing thenumber and type of enterprises (eligible to trade in particular commodities); developing the indirect trade policy instruments (that were absent or unimportant under the planning system); reducing and ultimatelyremoving the exchange rate distortion; and reforming prices/ so that t

6、hey could play a role in guiding resource allocation. These reforms of the trading system were inextricably linked with reform of the enterprise sector to allow indirect regulation through market-determined prices to replace direct regulation of enterprise output through the planningsystem.参考译文在打算经济

7、体制下几乎不起任何作用的间接贸易政策手段实行价格体系改革以使其在资源配置中发挥作用接治理。说明：dimensions 的意思是“方面，因素eligible 的意思是“符合条件的，合格的eligible for promotion/membership 有资格升级成为会员。Trade in 意为“做生意，从事贸易that were absent or unimportant under the planning system为定语从句，修饰the indirect trade policy instruments，翻译为“在打算经济体制下几乎不起任何作用的play a role in 意为“在中

8、发挥作用inextricably意为“不能解决的，解不Belinkedto/with“与相联系Rock music has often been linked with the drug culture.to allow indirect regulation through market-determined prices表示第一个目的；toreplace direct regulation of enterprise output through the planningsystem 表示其次个目的。7P2727In modern era, its unlikely for a natio

9、n to produce everything (it needs)and consume everything (it makes). To alleviate the dilemma of surplus and shortage, goods are exchanged between nations. A country might prohibit importing or exporting certain products, or it might set quotascontrolling the number of certain products to be importe

10、d or exported, orit might charge duty tax on certain products. 参考译文 一个国家可能制止进口或出口某些特定的产品数量，同时还可能就某些产品征收进口关税。1、be likely/ unlikely to do sth.；be likely/ unlikely that不可能的，如：He isnot likely to succeed.他或许不会成功。Its highly likely that he willsucceed.他成功的可能性很大。2、alleviate v.减轻，如：The UNs most important obj

11、ective is to alleviate worldpoverty.8P2738There are many legal considerations associated with interactions betweenbusinesses. Even simple transactions such as a contract for the sale of goods/ can be complicated by differing legal system in the countriesinvolved. The issues are even more complex whe

12、n dealing with internationalcapital investments, especially if they involve technology transfer and intellectual property issues. 参考译文与企业间贸易往来相关的法律问题有很多投资涉及技术转让与学问产权时，状况会更简洁。1、 associate one thing with another 将一事与另一事联系在一起，如：We associateEgypt withthe pyramid.我们想起埃及就想起金字塔。be associated withHis social

13、 problems were associated with drinking.、ComplicateLes not complicate matters by introducing any more restrictions.3、 involve意为“包括，涉及，使陷入be involved i9P2749 There is strong evidence that trade boosts economic growth, and that economic growth means more jobs. For example, technological advance hasals

14、o had a strong impact on employment and productivity, benefiting some jobs, hurting others. Second, while trade clearly boosts national incomeand prosperity, this is not always translated into new employment for workers (who lost their jobs as a result of competition from imports). 参考译文强有力的证据说明，贸易促进

15、经济增长，而经济增长那么意味着更多的工作机 而失业的那些工人来说，这并不愿定总能转换成他们的再就业。1、boost v. improve, increasen. 推动，增加，如：The festival has been a major boost for the local economy.2、have impact on对有影响，如：Internet shopping has begun to have a seriousimpactonthetraditionalbookshops.33 讲课件讲义环球职业训练在线33 讲讲义英译汉长句翻译技巧210P27510 Will economi

16、c growth (driven by trade) help us to move towards a sustainable use of the worlds environmental resources? The study showsthat trade could play a positive role in this process by facilitating the diffusion of environment-friendly technologies around the world / and is backed up by the five case stu

17、dies on chemical-intensive agriculture, deforestation, global warming, acid rain, and overfishing.参考译文以贸易带动经济增长是否有助于我们朝着可持续利用世界环境资源的方向迈 森林砍伐、全球变暖、酸雨以及渔业资源的过度捕捞。back up: support如：All the evidence backs up her story.12P27712The value of a business to society is the wealth and employment (it creates) a

18、nd the marketable products and services (it provides to consumers at a reasonable price commensurate with quality). As responsible citizens of a local, national, regional and global communities(in which they operate), businesses share a part in shaping the future of those communities.参考译文企业对社会的价值在于它

19、所制造的它能够向消费 者供给的价格与质量相符的适销产品和效劳。无论是在某个社区、某个国家、世界上 成这些经营地的将来奉献出一份力气。14P28014Before one distributes merchandise to any market, whether foreign or domestic, he or she should conduct a research on that particular market.The purpose of the market research is to help businesses determine a reasonable forec

20、ast for a particular product they are considering for exporting or importing. 参考译文任何人在把自己的商品分销到任何国内和国外市场之前 争辩。市场调研的目的是，帮助企业对正在考虑之中的进口和出口的某种特定产品做出合理的推想。1616Letters of credit are the most common form of international payment because they provide a high degree of protection for both the seller andthe b

21、uyer. A letter of credit is a banks promlerbehalf of the buyer / so long as the supplier meets the terms andpay a supconditions (stated in the credit). The buyer specifies the documentation (that he requires from the seller)/ before the bank is to make payment, and the seller is given assurance (tha

22、t he will receive payment after shipping his goods) so long as the documentation is in order. Documentsare the key issue in this kind of transactions. Banks act asintermediaries, and have nothing to do with the goods themselves. Beforeopening a letter of credit, the buyer should reach agreement with

23、 the supplier on all particulars of payment procedures, schedules of shipment, type of goods to be sent, packaging, and documents to be supplied by the supplier.参考译文 保障，只要单据完好，货物装运后即受到付款。在此类交易中，关键的问题是单据，银行只作为中介发挥作用，与货物本身毫无关系。开立信用证之前，买方需就支付程序、装运期、发送货物种类、包装以及卖方所供单据等细节与供货商达成全都。说明：credit：在上下文清楚的状况下，cred

24、it 可以代替letter of credit。in order 有“状况良好，适宜”的意思。Documentation is inorder得到了满足。schedules of shipment 中，scheduletime of shipment。17P28417Discrepancies plagued the majority of L/Cs, and these had to be resolvedthrough lengthy correspondence. It was slow, expensive and error-prone,everything e-commerce w

25、as trying to get away from. What is needed, therefore, is an electronic equivalent to the letter of credit. Twochanges are currently under way to address that need. First, technology istransforming letters of credit into digital documents stored on the Web, where they are always available to all par

26、ties. This greatly streamlines the L/C process but retains the legal structure of the classic letter of credit. In addition, electronic alternatives to the L/C preserve many of the benefits but in a form that is simpler, quicker, far less expensiveand completely paperless.参考译文 不仅速度慢、费用高，而且易出错，这些正是电子商务试图摆脱的问题。因此，现在需要的是一种能够取代信用证的电子替代物。为了解决这一需求问题，已经消灭了两方面的变化。 费用大幅度降低以及完全无纸化的形式。18P28618When the seller gets the accepted draft, he can either hold it to maturity ordiscount it with the negotiating bank. What does “discount” mean? The