2022版高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Cloning课下作业新人教版选修8

1、2021版高考英语大一轮复习Unit2Cloning课下作业新人教版选修8PAGE PAGE 49Unit 2 Cloning写作句型锤炼主体段落常用句型锤炼之二十八：祈使句and/or(else)/otherwise陈述句 先熟读背诵精彩句型烂熟于心1. Follow your doctors advice, and you will get better soon.接受医生的建议，你很快就会好的。2. Hurry up, or/or else/otherwise you will be late.快点，否则你会迟到的。3.It is really very dangerous. One m

2、ore step, and the baby will fall into the well.真危险。再多迈一步，这个小孩就会掉进井里。4. Work harder, and you will succeed in your studies.如果你更加努力学习，在学习上你就会成功。5.Study hard, or/or else/otherwise you will fail in your exams.如果你不努力学习，考试会不及格的。6.Pay attention to what the teachers say in class，or/or else/otherwise you will

3、 leave out some important points.上课时要注意老师们所说的话，否则你会遗漏一些要点的。后临摹仿写妙语佳句信手拈来1.努力学习，你终有一天会成功。Work_hard，and_youll_succeed_some_day.2.抓住机会吧， 否则你会遗憾的。 Take_the_chance,_or/or_else/otherwise_you_will_regret_it._3.叫你怎么做就怎么做， 否则你会有麻烦的。 _Do_as_youre_told,_or/or_else/otherwise_youll_be_in_trouble._.重点单词识记联想运用会书写一

4、、核心单词1.altogether adv.总共；完全地2.forbid vt. 禁止；不准pulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的4.owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于5.shortly adv. 立刻；不久6.bother_vt. 打扰vi. 操心n. 烦扰7.strike vi.& vt. 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工二、阅读单词1.undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担2.drawback n. 缺点；不利条件3.straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的4.breakthrough n. _突破5.obtain vt. 获得；赢得6

5、.moral adj. _道德(上)的；伦理的7.regulation n. 规则；规章；法规8.initial adj. 最初的；开始的9.vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的10.resist vt. _抵抗；对抗三、拓展单词1.differ vi.不同；相异different adj.不同的；与众不同的difference n.差异；不同2.exact adj.精确的；准确的exactly adv.准确地mercial adj.商业的；贸易的commerce n.商业4.correction n.改正；修正；纠正correct vt.改正；纠正5.object vi.反对；不赞成o

6、bjection n.反对；异议6.accumulate vt.& vi.积累；聚积accumulation n.积累accumulative adj.累积的7.assumption n.假定；设想assume vt.假定；设想8.merely adv.仅；只；不过mere adj.仅仅的9.decorate v.装饰；布置decoration n.装饰10.reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reason n.理由，道理会积累1.“完全地”完全掌握altogether总共；完全地entirely 彻底地，完全地completely 完全地；圆满地，全面地totally 完

7、全地；总共whole n. 整体adj. 全部的；整个的wholly adv. 完全地2.“动词副词”构成的合成词drawback n. 缺点breakdown n. 崩溃；故障farewell n. 告别feedback n. 反馈setup n. 安排；组织breakup n. 破裂；解散3.resist形近词集锦resist v. 抵抗insist v. 坚持assist v. 协助 assistant n. 助手 consist vi. 由组成 consistent adj. 始终如一的会应用用所给词的适当形式填空1.Her advice sounds reasonable (reas

8、on) and we should take it into consideration.2.I didnt say that I wanted to buy it but merely (mere) asked for the price.3.The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge.And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities.(accumulate)4.From the appearance，we can not

9、tell the differences between the twins，though they always have some different ideas.And as for this phenomenon，ideas differ among many people.(differ)5.Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it，while his father objected to it.(object)6.Dont assume that you are a

10、princess and stop living in assumptions any more.(assume).核心短语识记联想运用会书写1.pay_off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清2.cast_down 使失望；使沮丧3.object_to 反对4.in_favour_of_ 赞成；支持5.(be)_bound_to_(do)_. 一定或注定(做)6.o ones heart 使刻骨铭心7.from time to time 不时；偶尔8.bring back to life 使复生；使复活9.in vain 白费力气；枉费心机10.in good/poor condition 状况很好

11、/坏；情况很好/坏会积累1.“inn.of”短语全接触in favour of赞成；支持in memory of 为了纪念in search of 寻找in honour of 为了纪念in view of 鉴于；由于in terms of 谈及；就而言2.heart相关短语全扫描o ones heart 使刻骨铭心put ones heart into. 用心于lose heart 灰心heart and soul 全心全意地heart to heart 诚恳地；倾心地会应用选用上表左栏短语填空1.The house really is in_poor_conditionit would c

12、ost far too much to repair.2.Keep on working hard like this，and your research is_bound_to obtain great success.3.Since George heard of his failure in the exam，he has been very cast_down.4.His efforts to raise money for his program were in_vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out o

13、f their pockets.5.Mountain Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.6.She made it clear that she objected_to the proposal，for it was useless.7.In ancient times，people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.8.The athletes years of hard

14、 training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.经典句式分析背诵仿写句型公式1：全部倒装结构教材原句Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。句型仿写Out_of_the_classroom_ran the pupils，on hearing their beloved pop star come.一听说他们喜欢的流行音乐歌星来了，学生们跑出了教室。句型公式2：“主语beadj.to do”句式，不定

15、式用主动形式表示被动意义。教材原句Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.报纸报道说，尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞很难获得，但有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。句型仿写English has a huge number of colourful and

16、 splendid expressions which may_be_difficult_to_understand.英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。句型公式3：The advantage is that.“其优点是”， that引导表语从句。教材原句The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generati

17、on.其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。句型仿写The_advantage_of_cycling_to_work_is_that we can live a lowcarbon life.骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。.语篇填空回顾补全热诵阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cloning is a way of making (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One i

18、s that gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants.The other is that it is valuable(value) for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However,_the process of cloning is difficult to_undertake (undertake).Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The first succe

19、ssful clone，Dolly the sheep，made the whole scientific (science) world follow its process，though it had more(many) problems than the normal sheep.On the other hand，Dollys appearance raised (raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.Different people have d

20、ifferent opinions(opinion) on it.However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.核 心 词 汇1.differ vi.不同；相异(1)differ frombe different from与不同differ inbe different in 在方面不同 (2)difference n. 不同；区别make a difference 有影响；重要，要紧tell the difference between.and.

21、区分与的差别Even though we completely differ from each other in character，we are still great friends.虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍然是不错的朋友。Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can we _make_a_difference.只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么，过一种低碳生活，我们才能有所作为。2.object vi.反对；不赞成 n.物体；目标(1)object to sb/sth反对；不赞

22、成某人/某事object to doing sth 反对做某事(2)objection n. 反对；厌恶raise an objection to sth 对提出异议We object to being_blamed (blame) for something that we havent done.我们反对把与我们无关的事情作为理由来谴责我们。 As far as Im concerned，I have an objection (object) to charging for parking.就我个人而言，我反对停车收费。3.forbid vt.(forbade/forbad，forbid

23、den) 禁止；不准forbid sb sth禁止某人某事forbid doing sth 禁止做某事eq blc rc(avs4alco1(forbid sb to do sth,forbid sb from doing sth)禁止某人做某事Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade(forbid) research into human cloning.(教材原句)有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究。I hope that our government will do something to forbid

24、setting_off fireworks.There are quite a lot more ways to celebrate the festivals after all.我希望我们的政府将会做些事情来禁止燃放烟花，毕竟我们还有很多其他庆祝节日的方法。The students were forbidden，unless they had special passes，to_leave (leave) the base.这些学生除非有特别的通行证，否则被禁止离开基地。名师指津forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb to do sth形

25、式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow，permit，advise等。4.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于；应感谢 (1)owe sb an apology该向某人道歉owe sb sthowe sth to sb 欠某人某物(2)owe.to. 把归功于owe it to sb that. 多亏某人(3)owing to 因为；由于 You owe the lady an apology.(教材原句)你应该向这位女士道歉。I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my collea

26、gues and friends.我必须说我的所有成就都应归功于我的同事和朋友们的鼓励和帮助。Actually，online shopping plays an essential role in our daily life owing_to much convenience it brings us.实际上，由于网上购物给我们带来很多方便，它在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。5.bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n.烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人(1)bother sb with/about sth为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事It bothe

27、rs sb that/to do sth 使某人苦恼的是(2)put sb to any bother 给某人添乱However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered_(bother)scientists.(教材原句)然而，之后她患上了严重的肺病的问题使科学家们困扰。It_bothers_Tom_that he cant find a job that he really likes.使汤姆烦恼的是，他不能找到一份他真正喜欢的工作。I dont want to _put_him_to_any_b

28、other，so I try doing it by myself.我不想给他添乱，所以，我试着靠自己做这件事。6.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；还清，偿清；(付清工资后)解雇一词多义写出句中pay off的含义But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthroughthe cloning of Dolly the sheep.(教材原句)_得到好结果What made him happy was that after all these years

29、 he at last paid off all his debts.偿清，还清The boss paid off the employee due to his bad management.(付清工资后)解雇pay back偿还(欠款)；报复pay for 付的钱；因而受惩罚pay a visit to 参观；看望If you dont work hard now，youll pay_for it later when you fail your exams.如果你现在不努力学习，到考试不及格时就得为此付出代价。名师指津pay off当“(努力、辛苦)取得好结果，得到回报”讲时，为不及物动

30、词短语，在句中用主动语态。7.in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏out of condition健康状况欠佳working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境on condition that. 在条件下；倘若on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)My grandmother takes exercise every day，and she is_in_good_condition now.我奶奶每天都锻炼身体，她现在身体状况很好。You can keep the books f

31、or about 3 weeks on_condition_that you preserve them well.这些书你可以借三个礼拜，条件是你必须好好保存。On no condition should_you_lose_heart when you are in trouble.当你处境危险时，你决不能失去信心。重 点 句 型The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resi

32、st that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。The advantage is that.“优势是”，that此处引导表语从句。(1)The advantage/strength of.is that.的优势是(2)The disadvantage of.is that. 的不足是(3)The drawback of.is that.的缺点是(4)The problem of.is that. 的问题是(5)The chance is that. 有可

33、能The_advantage/strength_of_smiling_is_that it can not only make us happy，but also please others.微笑的优势在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。The_drawback_of_the_popularity_of_cars_is_that_it brings about so much air pollution.汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。The_disadvantage_of_the_area_is_that there is no public transport.这个地区的不便之处

34、就是没有公共交通工具。当 堂 达 标.单词拼写1.When asked about the secret of his success，he owed (归功于) it to his parents.2.He undertook (着手) to improve the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.3.Nowadays many graduates are looking forward to obtaining (获得) employment in big cities.4.I was impressed by hi

35、s straightforward (坦率的) intelligent manner.5.Moral (道德的) science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect.6.He was in poor health，so the doctor forbade (不准) him to drink wine.7.Hearing the bad news，he struck (撞击) the table a heavy blow with his fist.8.Had I realized you were bus

36、y，I wouldnt have bothered (打扰) you with my questions.单句语法填空1.Having_retired (retire) from business，he now occupies himself with his garden.2.The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist taking (take) a close look at them，although she cannot afford them at present.3.Its repor

37、ted that theres a big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.If only my son could be brought back to life!4.I think it is her personality rather than her looks that has struck me.5.Since her only child passed away a few years ago，family has been a forbidden (forbid) topic for her.6.This morning my gra

38、ndpa wrote his doctor a letter saying that he owes it to her that he is still alive.7.He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places，especially with females present.8.Struck (strike) by strong snowstorms，the area faced severe water and electricity shortage.9.Do you know any difference

39、s (differ) between British English and American English?10.We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.单句改错1.Mother made a promise if I passed the College Entrance Examination，she would buy me a mobile mise后加that2.You can go swimming in condit

40、ion that you dont go too far from the river bank.inon3.Owe to his absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.OweOwing4.Some rules should be made to forbid students of smoking.offrom5.No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exactexactly6.Sometimes，some studen

41、ts object the idea that English classes are taught in English.object后加to.补全句子1.What_bothers_me_most_is_that he seems to take no interest in his schoolwork.最使我伤脑筋的是他似乎对他的功课不感兴趣。2.The advantage is that_we_know_more_about_medicine_today.现在的优势是我们对医学懂得更多了。3.In some places women are expected to earn money

42、 while_men_work_at_home_and_raise_their_children.在一些地方，女人被期待挣钱，而男人则在家干活并抚养孩子。4.Faced_with_a_difficult_situation，Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.面临着困境，Arnold决定向他的老板寻求建议。5.Didnt it occur_to_you_that he might be interested in it?你当时没有想到他可能对此事感兴趣吗？课 下 作 业A(2018武汉市高中毕业生调研测试)Elon Musk was born i

43、n South Africa，in 1971.A crazy fan of computers，by the age of twelve，Musk had written the code (代码) for his own video game，which he sold for a profit.He attended Queens University in Canada，and transferred (转到) to the University of Pennsylvania，where he earned two bachelors degrees，economics and phy

44、sics.He was admitted to Stanford University in California，intending to earn a PhD in energy physics.First CompanyZip2 CorporationIn 1995，at the age of 24，Musk dropped out of Stanford University after just two days of classes to start his first company Zip2 Corporation.It was an online city guide tha

45、t provided content for the new online versions of The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune newspapers.In 1999，Musk got $22 million from the sale of Zip2.Online BankingIn 1999，Elon Musk started X.com with$10 million dollars from the sale of Zip2.X.com was an online bank，and he was credited with inv

46、enting a method of securely transferring money using a receivers email address.PayPalIn 2000，X.com bought a company called Confinity，which had started an Internet moneytransfer process called PayPal.Elon Musk dropped the online banking focus to concentrate on becoming a global payment transfer provi

47、der.In 2002，eBay bought PayPal for $1.5 billion.Space Exploration TechnologiesIn 2002，Elon Musk started SpaceX.He is a longstanding member of the Mars Society，a nonprofit organization that supports the exploration of Mars，and Musk is interested in building a greenhouse on Mars.SpaceX has been develo

48、ping rocket technologies to enable Musks project.Tesla MotorsIn 2004，Elon Musk cofounded Tesla Motors，of which he is the only product architect.Tesla Motors builds electric vehicles.The company has built an electric sports car，the Tesla Roadster.SolarCityIn 2006，Elon Musk cofounded SolarCity，a photo

49、voltaic (光电的) products and services company with his cousin Lyndon Rive.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了埃隆马斯克的人生经历和伟大成就。1.What was Elon Musk gifted in when he was young?A.Economics. B.Physics.C.Energy. D.Coding.答案D细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“A crazy fan of computers.which he sold for a profit.”可知，埃隆马斯克是一位疯狂的电脑迷，十二岁时他就为自己的视

50、频游戏写代码并获利了；据此可知，他小时候就有写代码的天赋，故D项正确。2.Which of the following provides international payment transfer service?A.X.com. B.Confinity.C.PayPal. D.eBay.答案C细节理解题。根据“PayPal”部分，尤其是该部分的第二句“Elon Musk dropped the online banking focus to concentrate on becoming a global payment transfer provider.”可知，PayPal提供国际转账

51、支付服务，故C项正确。3.What has SpaceX been doing to help achieve Musks project?A.Sponsoring the Mars Society.B.Developing rocket technologies.C.Building a greenhouse on Mars.D.Supporting the exploration of Mars.答案B细节理解题。根据“Space Exploration Technologies”部分的“SpaceX has been developing rocket technologies to e

52、nable Musks project.”可知，SpaceX一直在研究开发火箭技术，帮助埃隆马斯克实现他的项目(目标)，故B项正确。4.What is Tesla Motors noted for?A.Its electric vehicles.B.Its photovoltaic products.C.Its service as a city tourist guide.D.Its business with other companies.答案A细节理解题。根据Tesla Motors部分，尤其是该部分的第二句“Tesla Motors builds electric vehicles”

53、可知，Tesla Motors是生产电动汽车的公司，故A项正确。B(2018郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)At 23，my career got going.I was midway through a masters degree at the London School of Economics and Political Science and had been hired as a parttime reporter for a finance website.I got a great onemonth review and my boss asked if I was inte

54、rested in staying at the company after graduation.However，balancing graduate studies with work was challenging.To deal with it，I checked my real self at my office door.I came in to work，greeted my colleagues and listened more than I contributed in each morning meeting.The small team I worked with of

55、ten seemed busy，so rather than giving ideas that might get turned down，I stayed back.After four months，my boss called me into his office.The meeting was going well until he told me that despite the great work I had produced，the team had held a meeting and decided，“We dont think its the right fit.”I

56、must have looked confused.“Youre ambitious，intelligent and will be very successful，” my boss said.“But you havent made enough effort to join the team.You lost the enthusiasm you showed in your interview.That wont work long term，and if I could give you one piece of advice，it would be to get your guar

57、d down.” I couldnt believe that performing well at my job wasnt enough to keep it.But I knew my boss was right.They knew that when they hired me，I had no experience in finance reporting，yet they took a chance on me.In meetings I usually contributed last，after I had heard everyone elses suggestions.I

58、 did it to show that I was a listener，but also to hide my fears.They liked the person who walked into the interview，and they didnt respect me when I hid that person from them.“Dont leave before you leave.” That advice is essential for women at all stages of our careers.Because we work so hard for su

59、ccess，we dont like to think that we hurt ourselves sometimes.But each of us must change when necessary.In trying to earn a fulltime job，I “leaned back” in order not to show too much of myself or my lack of expertise (专门知识).I learned that the hard way wasnt the way to achieve our goals.【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹

60、议文。“我”在公司工作，在团队里，“我”辛苦勤奋，所在的团队也紧张忙碌，但是“我”害怕表达自己的主张和建议。老板在肯定了“我”的成绩的同时，建议“我”勇于表达自己的主张，分享个人的建议。5.Why was the author offered a job at the company at first?A.Because she just got her masters degree in finance.B.Because she greatly impressed her boss in her first month.C.Because she had quite a lot of ex