定语从句课件教学

1、The Attributive Clause定语从句1定语从句的相关概念概念定语从句也称为形容词性从句。是指在复合句中对名词或代词起到限定说明的句子。先行词在定语从句中被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词关系词引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，分为关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that,as）和关系副词(when ,where ,why）。She is a girl. 她是一个女孩。She is beautiful。她很漂亮She is a beautiful girl.她是一个漂亮的女孩 She is a girl who is beautiful. 形容词做定语 先行词 关系词定语

2、从句指人指物subject (主语)object (宾语)attribute（定语）whowhomwhichthatwhose只能用who,不能用that1. 先行词是one，ones或anyone时；先行词为those或被those修饰，指人时 ：那些不仅从书本上而且从实践中学习的人将会成功。Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed. 不努力工作的人永远不会成功。One who does not work hard will never succeed.任何触犯法律的人都应该受到惩罚。

3、Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.2. 当定语从句中又有定语从句，且先行项都为人时：获得一等奖的学生是学习努力的班长。The student that won the first prize is the monitor who studies hard. 注意：that or who?3. 在以there be的句子中，先行词为人时：外面有个人要见你。There is a man outside who wants to see you.4. 当指人的先行词被一些指物的名词修饰时：学校里我只想见一个学生。Theres only one

4、student in the school who I want to see.你认识那个穿蓝衣服、背着一个孩子在地里干活的女人吗？Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her back who is working in the fields?that/whowhowho/whomwho/thatwhosewhose关键点拨(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。译昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。误The film (that/which) we saw it last

5、 night is very frightening.正The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。Is that the girl(whom/who/that)you spoke of the other day?那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？who/whom/thatthat/whichthat/which在限制性定语从句中只用that不用which的情况5，当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时Which is the bike that you los

6、t?哪辆是你丢失的自行车？6，有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另一个宜用that时They secretly built up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.thatthatthat用which不用that的情况1.引导非限制性定语从句时。Our class is a big family, which is made up of 50 students.You have made great progress, which makes our teacher very hap

7、py.2.关系代词前有介词时。The school in which he once studied is very famous.she is a girl _ is wearing red skirt.who /that I give an apple to her _everyone likes very much.which /thatHe lives in a house -windows face south.whoseTitanic is the ship _sank after hitting an iceberg.which/thatI. 用定语从句的引导词完成下列句子。Th

8、e pen _ my uncle gave me is missing.Do not get close to the house _ is under repair.He is the man _ wants to see you.4. He is the man _I saw yesterday.5. He is the man _ name is Yao Ming.6. He is the man the name of _ is Yao Ming.7. Id like a room _ window looks out over the sea.8. Id like a room th

9、e window of _ looks out over the sea.(that/which)that / whichwho/thatwhom/ who/ that ( )whosewhomwhosewhich二. 关系副词引导定语从句1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。其先行词是表时间的名词，如：time, day, week, year, month, etc.昨晚我不在家的时候他来了。He came last night when I was out.我们将把野餐推迟到下周，那时天气会好一点。We will put off the picnic until next we

10、ek, when the weather would be better.常用的关系副词：when、why、 where2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。其先行词是表示地点的名词，如：place, school, factory, room, etc.这是我出生的地方。This is the place where I was born.我住在他曾住过的房间里。I live in the room where/in which he used to live.【比较】This is the factory he worked last year. （作状语） This is t

11、he park they visited last year. （作宾语）where /in whichwhich/that 3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。先行词为reason 时，可用for which指代。他没有参加会议的原因是他病了。The reason why/ for which he didnt attend the meeting was that he was ill.This is the place _ we visited last month.This is the place _ we will go next week.whichwhich or w

12、here?whereThis is the place to _ we will go next week.whichThis is the place _ we will go to next week.whichas和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别（1）which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句后 as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句之前、之中和之后。路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。The road was so slippery, which caused lots of accidents.任何人都明白，计算机几乎能做到人能做的一切事。As anybody can see, a

13、 computer can do almost everything people can.（2）当非限制性定语从句为否定句或谓语带的是一个复合宾语结构时，常用which引导。他公开批评玛丽，对此她一点儿都不愿意。He criticizes Mary in public, which she doesnt like at all.（3）在从句中作主语时，as后常跟动词的被动语态；若从句中的动词是主动语态，多用which作主语。他见到了那个女孩，这使他很高兴。He saw the girl, which delighted him.注意：as和which引导非限制性定语从句并作主语时，从句的谓语

14、动词用单数形式。（4）as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用，翻译成“正如，正像” which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，可用and this代替，翻译成“这一点，这件事。”众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。As is known to all, China is a country with the largest population in the world.他把自行车卖了，这使我感到奇怪。He sold his bicycle, which surprised me.=He sold his bicycle, and this surprised me.选择填空1._is k

15、nown to all, the Xisha Islands are the territories(领土)of China.A.As B. It C. Which D. That2.His family, _ all music lovers, dont want to miss MTV programmers.A. who is B. which is C. who are D. which areCA选择填空3.Who is the person _ asked for me just now?A. who B. that C. whose D. whom4.He asked more

16、than one elder for advice, _ he hoped to make a wiser decision.A. which B.by which C.by which means D.by that means5.His technique has developed to the point _ he can repair many of the electrically powered farm machines.A. when B. that C. where D. which6.Those_have not got bikes may go by bus.A. th

17、at B. who C.不填 D. whichBBCC1.如何判断关系词2.关系代词that 或which 的区别3.as 和which的区别4.whose 用法及转换形式5.介词+关系代词常见考点 介词+关系代词提醒: 介词关系代词(whom/which)引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择.The teacher for whom you are waiting is coming.This is the room in which Lu Xun used to live.方法一:根据从句中动词的习惯搭配He came to a farm,on which he finally sett

18、led.The speed at which light travels is 3000,000km per second.方法二:根据先行词的习惯搭配The colorless gas is called oxygen, in which fires burn much better.The colorless gas is called oxygen, without which we could not live.方法三:根据句子所需要的意思 注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替 介词+关系代词的使用1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot?4. Do you like the book she often