linux-2019全新课程参考笔记容器云prometheus监控ceph

1、Prometheus CephPrometheus Server创建运Prometheus Server进程的系统，并为其创建家录/var/lib/prometheus作为数据 录。# useradd -r -m -d /var/lib/prometheus prometheus #并安装Prometheus Server，以2.7.2版为例： # wget /prometheus/prometheu s/releases/download/v2.7.2/prometheus-2.7.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz # tar xf prometheus-2.7.2.linux- a

2、md64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/# ln /usr/local/prometheus-2.7.2.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus创建Unit File 创建Prometheus专的Unit File，件路径为/usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.serviceUnitDescription=The Prometheus 2 monitoring system and time series database. ation=After=network.ServiceEnvironmentFile=-/etc/

3、sysconfig/prometheus Us rometheus ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus -storage.tsdb.path=/var/lib/prometheus -config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml -web.listen-address=:9090 -web.external-url= Restart=on-failure StartLimit erval=1 RestartSec=3Install WantedBy=multi-user.4. 编辑配置件 Pr

4、ometheus的主配置件为prometheus.yml，它主要由global、rule_les、 scr _congs、alerting、remote_write和remote_read个配置段组成：global：全局配置段；scr _congs：scr 配置集合，于定义 的标对象（ ）的集合，以及描述如何抓取（scr ）相关指标数据的配置参数；通常，每个scr 配置对应于个单独的作业（job），每个s可通过静态配置（s ic_congs）直接给出定义，也可基于Prometheus持的服务发现机制进动配置；alertmanager_congs：可由Prometheus使的Alertmanag

5、er实例的集合，以及如何同这些 Alertmanager交互的配置参数；每个Alertmanager可通过静态配置（s ic_congs）直接给出定义，也可基于Prometheus 的服务发现机制进动配置；remote_write：配置“ 写”机制，Prometheus需要将数据保存于外部的 系统（例如InuxDB）时定义此配置段，随后Prometheus将样本数据通过HTTP协议发送给由URL指定适配器(Adaptor)；remote_read：配置“ 读”机制，Prometheus到的查询请求交给由URL指定适配器（ ater）执，Adapter将请求条件转换为 Prometheus可的格

6、式；配置件组成格式及常的全局配置参数如下所：服务中的查询请求，并将获取的响应数据转换为global:# How frequently to scrs by default. scr _ erval: | default = 1m # How long until a scr request times out. scr _timeout: | default = 10s # How frequently to evaluate rules. evaluation_ erval: | default = 1m # The labels to add to any time series or a

7、lerts when communicating with # external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager). external_labels: : . # Rule files specifies a list of globs. Rules and alerts are read from # all matching files.rule_files: - . # A list of scr configurations. scr _configs: - . # Alerting specifies setting

8、s related to the Alertmanager. alerting:alert_relabel_configs: - . alertmanagers: - . # Settings related to the remote write feature. remote_write: - . # Settings related to the remote read feature. remote_read: - . scr 配置段中，使s ic_congs配置Job的语法格式：# Thes specified by the s ic config.s: - # Labels ass

9、igned to all metrics scr d from the labels: : . s.使le_sd_congs配置Job的语法格式：s: , . ,labels: : , .,.配置件中的默认配置仅持以静态式通过node_exporter Prometheus Server本机的系统指标，其配置如下所。scr _configs:- job_name: prometheus# metrics_path defaults to /metrics # scheme defaults to http.s ic_configs:-s: localhost:90905. 启动服务 # sys

10、temctl daemon-reload # systemctl start prometheus.service 6.node_exporter安装程序包 # wget /prometheus/node exporter/releases/download/v0.17.0/node exporter-0.17.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz # tar xf node_exporter-0.17.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ # ln -sv /usr/local/node_exporter-0.17.0.linux-amd64 /usr/

11、local/node_exporter #创建运Prometheus Server进程的系统，并为其创建家录/var/lib/prometheus作为数据 录。# useradd -r -m -d /var/lib/prometheus prometheus #创建Unit File件路径为/usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.serviceUnitDescription=Prometheus exporter for machine metrics, written in Go with pluggable metric collectors.ation

12、= After=network./prometheus/node_exporterServiceEnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/node_exporter UsrometheusExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter $NODE_EXPORTER_OPTSRestart=on-failure StartLimit erval=1 RestartSec=3Install WantedBy=multi-user.4. 启动服务 # systemctl daemon-reload # systemctl sta

13、rt node_exporter.service # systemctl enable node_exporter.service设定Ceph MgrCeph Manager内置了众多模块，包括prometheus模块，于直接输出Prometheus格的指标数据。# ceph mgr module enable prometheus Prometheus模块默认 于TCP协议的9283端。配置Prometheus Job修改Prometheus的配置件，添加与Ceph相关的Job。scr _configs:# The job name is added as a label job= to any timeseries scr d from this config.- job_name: prometheus# metrics_path default