1994年考研英语试题及答案

1、1994 年入学英语试题Section I Structureand VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentenA, B, C and D. Choose the one, there are four choimarkedt best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the correspondingletterhe brackets. (5 pos)1.By the time you ar

2、rive in London, we in Europe for twoks.ABCDshall stayhave willhavestayedhave stayed been staying2.I appreted the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.ABCDhaving been givenhaving giventotohave been givenhave given3.Livinghe central Australian desers its problems, obtaining water is not the least

3、.ABCDof which for what aswhose4.The heart is elligentn the stomach, for they are bothcontrolled by the brain.ABCDnotnot muso muchoreno more5.the factt his initial experiments had failed, Prof.White persisted in his research.ABCDBecause ofAs InIntospite of view of6.Jean Wagners mostenduring contribut

4、ion to the study ofAfro-Americanreligious, aspoetry well asyzedyzedis his insistencet it in aworldly, frame of reference.ABCDis to behas beenbeyzedshould havebeenyzed7.Themillions ofcalculations involved, had they been done by hand,all practical value by the time they were finished.ABCDcould would m

5、ightoughtlosehave lost loseto have lost8.No bread eaten by man is so st as earned by his own labour.ABCDonetsuch what9.It isnt cold enough for there a frost tonight, so I canleave Jims car out quite safely.ABCDwould be being wasto be10.Scientists generally agreet the Earths climate will warm upover

6、the next 50 to 100 years is warmedhe 20,000years sincethe Ice Age. asasas asABCDas as asaslong much soonwellPart BDirections:Each of the following sentenhas four underlined parts marked A,B, C and D. Identify the part of the sentencet is incorrectand mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blacken

7、ing the correspondingletterhe brackets. (5 pos)11.Similar elementshe prehistoric remains from boArea ggest Bbut realtns and their neighbours had maained distantCconnections ever before 1500 B. C.D12.It soon became obviouslyAt instead of being trained toBsing shewould be trained asthe astronomers ass

8、istant.CD13.He also conceivedAo existence byCt the solar system and the universe would comeBanatural pros and would disappear one day.D14.The moon has a masst is nearly onedred times lessAnthe earth ; in consequence ,theforce ofDthegravityat the moonsBCsurface is only one-sixth ofearthrface.15.“TheB

9、unsenburnerisso Anamedbecauseitis thought Bto be invented Cby Robert Bunsen,who was German by birth.D16.Much although I have Atraveled, I have never seen anyone to equalBwhatever the job.herhoroughness,CD17.The ds and tall grass Ahad been vacant for quite Dhat yard makes the house look as if itBCsom

10、e time.18.If only the Asibilitynature of theagingpros is better understood, the Bof discovering aCmedicinet can block thefundamentalpros of aging seems very remote.D19.When I considerhow talented he is as a paer , I cannot helpAthe public will appre DBbut beving Ctte his gift.20.Allen has sedAadmira

11、tion for theDt hehas always had Ba greaterest andCwork ofthe British economist Keynes.Part CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentenA, B, C and D. Choose the one, there are four choimarkedt best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letterhe

12、 brackets wipencil. (10 pos)21. Please do not be by his bad manners since he is merely tryingto attractention.ABCDdisregardeddistortedirriedervened22.Craig ared hisst he would allhis energies inng this new job.ABCDcall call callcallforth atonoff23.ToomuchtoX-rays can cause skin burns,cancer or other

13、damage to the body.ABCDdisclosure exhibitioncontactexure24.When confronted withsuch questions, my mind goes, and Ican ABCDhardly remember my own date of birth. dimbl favain25.It is expanAwell knownof mind.patiblet knowledge ist condition forBCDincredibleindefinite indispensable26.Moren twodred years

14、 ago the United Ses from theBritish Empire ande an independent country.ABCDgot off pulled down broke awaydropped off27.Care should be taken to decrease the length of timeloud continuous noise.t one isABCDsubjected tofilled withassoted withattached to28.Some of the most important concepts in physics

15、their sucto these mathematical systems.sABCDoblige owecontributeattribute29.As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on somethingresearchingo.ABCDprecious worth worthyvaluable30.As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animalsa substance to absorb harmful chemicals.

16、ABCDrevereleasedismiss discard31.Without the friction betn their feet and the ground, people wouldbe able to walk.ABCDin by inonno time all means no wayany account32.While ty, Helen has a habit of stopto give her longand flowing hair a smooth.A occaallyBCDsimultaneouslyeventually promptly33.Onereaso

17、n for the sucses of Asian immigrantshe U.S. istthey have taken great to educate their children.ABCDefforts pains attemptsendeavours34.If any man here does not agree with me, he should his ownplan for improving the living conditions of these people.ABCDput put putputon out inforward35.I support your

18、deci, but I should also make it cleart I amnot ABCDgoing to be to it. connectedfastenedbound stuck36.TheEnglish language contains a(n) of words which arecomparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.ABCDaltitude latitude multitudeattitude37.y opinion, you can widen the of these improvements thr

19、ough your active participation.dimenvolumemagnitudescope38.Your improper words will give to doubts concerning your trueentions.ABCDrise reason suspicionimpulse39.Thenews item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made.ABCDon on ononthe the thethespot site locationground40.Theremarkable of

20、life on the Galapagos Islands inspiredCharles Darwo establish his theory of evolution.ABCDclassification variety densitydiverSectioCloze TestDirections:For each numbered blhe following passage, there are four choimarked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answeron ANSWER SHEET 1 by blac

21、kening the corresponding letterhe bracketswipencil. (10 pos)Theand smallest unitt can be discussed in relation tolanguage is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is41theutmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of42breakdownhe communication cycle. Too often, careleseof word

22、s43a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.The words used by the speaker may44unfavorable reactionshelistener45erfere with his comprehen;hence, thetransmis-reception system breaks down.46, inaccurate or indefinite words may make47difficultfor the listener to understand the48which isbeingt

23、ransmittedto him. The speaker who does nove specific wordsinhisworkingvocabulary may be49to explain or describe in a50t canbe understood by hislisteners.41.ABCDof at foron42.ABCDinacsible timely likelyinvalid43.ABCDencourages prevents destroysoffers44.ABCDpass take backstirout away upup45.ABCDwho as

24、 whichwhat46.ABCDMoreover However PreliminarilyUnexpectedly47.ABCDtit sothis48.ABCDspeech sense messagemeaning49.ABCDobscuredifficultimsibleunable50.ABCDcase means methodwaySectioIReading ComprehenDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four a

25、nswers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the correspondingletterhe brackets wipencil. (40 pos)Text 1The American economic system isanized around a basicallyprivate-entrise, marke

26、t-oriented economy in which consumers largelydetermine what shall be produced by spending their money in themarketplace for those goods and servit they want most. Privatebusinessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and servi in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive,

27、 operatingunder competitive preres, largely determines how these goods andserviare produced. Thus,he American economic system it is thedemand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmentoize profits and the desire of individuals toize theires,t together determine what shall be pr

28、oduced and how resour are used to produce it.An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanismby which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. he American economy, this mechanism is provided by a priystem,a pros in which pririse and fall in response to relati

29、ve demandsof consumers ands offered by sellroducers. If the productis in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up andsome consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this willtend to increase th

30、e supply offered by sellroducers, whichurnwill lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus,price is the regulating mechanismhe American economic system.The important factor in a private-entindividuals are allowed to own productive resourrise economy ist(private property),and t

31、hey are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resour,and produce goods and servifor sale at a profit.he Americaneconomy, the concept of private property embranot only the ownershipof productive resourbut also certain rights, including the right todetermine the price of a product or to m

32、ake a free contract winotherprivate individual.51. In Line 8, Paragraph 1, “the desire of individuals to es” means .ize theirABCAmericans AmericansAmericansare never satisfied with theirestend to overse theireses increasedwant to have theirD Americans want to increase the purchasinger of theires52.

33、The.two sentenin the second paragraphl ustA producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized productionBCDconsumers can express their demands through producers producers decide the priof productssupply and demand regulate pri53.Accordingto thepassage,aprivate-entriseeconomyischaracterized by .ABCDp

34、rivate property and rights concernedmaner and natural resourcontrolownership of productive resourfree contracts and pri54.The ABCDpassage is mainly about .how how howhowAmerican American AmericanAmericangoods are produced consumers buy their goods economic system worksbusinessmen make their profitsT

35、ext 2thirteen million Americans have at leastOne-idred andonebed credit card. They give their owners automatic credit instores,abroad,restaurants, and hoand they make many bs, at home, across the country, and evening serviavailable as well. More andmore of these credit cards can be read automaticall

36、y, making itsibleto withdraw or deit money in scattered locations, whether or not thelocal branch bis open. For many of us the “cashless society” isnot on the horizon - its already here.While computers offer these conveniento consumers, they havemany advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash regis

37、ters can do muchmoren simply ring up sales. They ceep a wide range of records,including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which itemsare being sold and how fast they are moving. Decis to reorder orreturn goods tors c

38、an then be made. At the same time thesecomputers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the mostefficient, allowingnel and staffing assignments to be madeaccordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotionalns. Computers are red on by manufacturers for similar reaso

39、ns.Computer-yzed marketing reports can help to decide which productsto emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop.Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, andeven of the production proNumerous other commers itself.l entrises, from theaters to magazinep

40、ublishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk prosors, bringbetter and more efficient servicomputers.to consumers through the use of55.According to the passage,.the creditcard enables its owner toABCDwithdraw as muoneyfrom the bservias he wishesobtaore convenientn otheople doenjoy greater trust

41、 from the storekeepercash money wherever he wishes to56.From the lastence of theparagraph we learnt .ABCDhe future all the Americans will use credit cardscredit cards are mainly usedhe United Ses todaynowadays many Americans do not pay in cashit is now more convenient to usecredit cardsn before57.Th

42、ephrase “ring up sales” (Line 3,Para. 2) mostprobablymeans“”.ABCDmake an order of goodsrecord sales on a cash register call the sales managerkeep track of the goods in stock58.What is this passage mainly about?ABCDApproaches to the commer Convenienbrought about Significance of automationAdvantages o

43、f credit cardsl useof computers.byin incomputers in merl entrises.business.Text 3Exceptional children are different in some significant way fromothers of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adultpotential, their education must be adapted to those differen .Although we focus on

44、the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the familyand the society in which exceptional chi

45、ldren live are often the key totheir grownd development. And it ishe public schoolst wefind the full expreshopes, and fearsof societys understanding - the knowledge,are passed on to the next generation.tEducation in any society is a mirror oft society.hat mirrorwe can see the strengths, the weakness

46、es, the hopes, the prejudi, andthe central values of the culture itself. The greaterest inexceptional children shown in public education over the past threedecades indicates the strong feeling in our societyt all citizens,whatever their spel conditions, deserve the opportunity to fullydevelop their

47、capabilities.“All men are created equal.” Weve heard it many times, but itstill has important meaning for education in a democratic society.Although the phrase was used by this countrys founders to denoteequality before the law, is also beenreted to mean equalityof opportunity.t concept imps educati

48、onal opportunity for allchildren - the right of each child to receive help in learning to thelimits of his or her capacity, whethert capacity be smallreat.Recent court decis have confirmed the right of all childrendisabled or not - to an appropriate education, and have ordered-t Inpublic schools tak

49、e the nesary steps to providet education.response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction tochildren who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.59. In Paragraph 2, the author cites the exle of the leading actoron the stage to showt .A the

50、growth of exceptional children has much to do with theirfamily and the societyB exceptional children are more influenced by their faminormal children aresnC exceptional children are the keyerest of the family andsocietyD the needs of the society weigh much heaviern the needs ofthe exceptional childr

51、en60.The reasont the exceptional children receive so much concern ineducation ist .ABCDthey theytheyare expectedto be leaders of the society a burden of the societydevelop their potentialmighteshould fullydisabled childrendeserve spel consideration61.This passage mainly deals with .ABCDthe the theth

52、edifferenof childrenheir learning capabilitiesdefinition of exceptional childrenodern societyspel educational programs for exceptional childrennesity of adapting educationto exceptional children62.From this passage we learnexceptional children .t theeducational concern forABCDis now enjoying legal s

53、upportdisagrees with the tradition of thecountrywas clearly sed by the countrys founderswill exert great influence over court decisText 4t by“Ihave great confidenceof the decade well knowin vast detail how cancer cells arise,” says microbiologist RobertWeinberg, an expert on cancer. “But,” he cautio

54、ns, “some people havethe ideat once one understands the causes, the cure will ralyfollow. Consid asteur, he discovered the causes of many kinds of infections, but it was fifty or sixty years before cures were available.”This year, 50 percent of the 910,000 people who suffer from cancerwill surviveea

55、st five years.he year 2000, the National CancerInstitute estimates,t figure will be 75 percent. For some skincancers, the five-year survival rate is as high as 90 percent. But othersurvival sistics are still discouraging - 13 percent forg cancer,and 2 percent for cancer of the pancreas (胰腺).Wis many

56、 as 120 varieties in existence, discovering how cancerworks is not easy. The researchers made great progresshe early 1970s,when they discoveredt oncogenes, which are cancer-causing genes (基因), are inactive in normal cells. Anything from cosmic rays to radiationto diet may activate a dormant oncogene

57、, but how remains unknown. Ifseveral oncogenes are driveno action, the cell, unable to turn themoff,es cancerous.The exact mechanisms involved are still mysterious, but thelikelihoodt many cancers are initiated at the level of geneggestst we will nevrevent all cancers. “Changes are a normal part oft

58、heevolutionarypros,”saysoncologistWilliamHayward.Environmental factors can never be totally eliminated; as Hayward poout, “We cant prepare a medicine against cosmic rays.”The prospects for cure, though still distant, are brighter.s“, we need to understand how the normal cell controls itself.Second,

59、we have to determine whether there are a limited number of genesin cells which are always responsible foreast part of the trouble.If we can understand how cancer works, we can counteract ition.”63.The exle of Pasteurhe passage is used to .A predictt the secret of cancer will be disclosed in a decade

60、 t the prospects for curing cancer are brightt cancer will be cured in fifty to sixty yearsBCDindicateprovewarnt there is still a long way to go before cancer can beconquered64.Theauthor impst by the year 2000, .A there will be a drastic risehe five-year survival rate ofskin-cancatients90 percent of