2023年最新的独立主格 英语语法网

1、第 PAGE26 页 共 NUMPAGES26 页2023年最新的独立主格 英语语法网英语语法学习中，对于虚拟语气的应用也是比较常见的。下面是小编给大家整理的英语语法网的相关知识，供大家参阅! 英语语法网：虚拟语气用在其它名词性从句中 1.虚拟语气用在 suggest, demand, insist, ask, move, advise. desire, order, propose, require, recommend, request, maintain, vote 等表示建议，命令，请求的动词后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语用 should + 原形动词，但美国英语中常要省去 should

2、。例如： I suggest we start at once. They propose that you (should) read the rules carefully. The commander ordered that the soldier fire at the enemy. He insisted that he go there on foot. I move that the meeting be adjourned. 我提议休会. move:(在会议上)提议，动议 Example: He insisted that we all _ in his office at

3、one o clock. a. be b. to be c. would be d. shall be He asked that it _ done right away. a. is b. be c. shall be d. must be He recommended that John _ with him. a. must go b. went c. will go d. go 2.虚拟语气用在 It is + 形容词(或过去分词)+ that. .的主语从句中，表示要求，建议，提议，命令，请求等，英国英语中从句的谓语用 should +原形动词(或完成式)构成 ，而美国英语中则要求

4、用原形动词。该句型中常用的形容词或过去分词有：advisable, desirable, essential, important, better, keen, natural, necessary, probable, possible, strange, vital, desired, demanded, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。例如： It is necessary that the machine (should) be oiled once a week. It is important that everyone

5、(should) obey the law. It is suggested that you take a walk after supper. Example: It is necessary that he _ in time to attend the meeting. a. come b. came c. would come d. need come It was proposed that the matter _ discussed at the next meeting. a. would be c. will be c. was d. be It is strange th

6、at she _ in the last examination. a. should have failed b. have failed c. would fail d. failed 3.虚拟语气用在与表示建议，要求，提议，命令，请求等意思有关的同位语从句和表语从句中，英国英语中要求从句谓语用 should + 原形动词 ，而美国英语中则要求用原形动词， 但在 as if, as though引导的表语从句中，从句中谓语用动词过去式或过去完成式，表示对现在或过去的虚拟。例如： He complied with the requirement that the experiment (sh

7、ould) be done tomorrow. 他同意明天再做实验的要求。虚拟语气用在其它名词性从句中 He looks as if he were tired.他面带倦容。 We agree to the suggestion that they (should) work on night shifts in turn. 我们同意轮流值夜班的建议。 His order is that you (should) send the materials to the work site at once. 他的命令是你们要把材料立即送到工地。 Example: Your advice that s

8、he _ till next week is reasonable. a. will wait b. is going to wait c. waits d. wait Jane appears as though she _ the secret. a. knows b. has known c. had known d. knew He looked as if he_ ill for a long time. a. was b. were c. has been d. had been 4.虚拟语气用在 It is (high, about) time (that) 句型中，定语从句中谓

9、语用动词过去式，意指将来。例如： It is time (that) we went home. It is high time we had the meeting. It is time you left. It is time that I was off. 注：如果主语是单数第一，三人称，动词 be常用 was 。 Example: We ve been sitting here doing nothing about it for days. It s time we _ the problem. a. shook hands with b. got to brass tacks w

10、ith c. got to grips with d. reached the bottom of 词组 get (or come) to grips with 为 开始努力对付 。 It is high time we _ off. a. are b. were c. be d. will be It is _ we did something about redecorating the sitting room. a. high time b. long time c. good time d. full-time 练习题： 1. The doctor suggested that he

11、 _ a short leave of absence. a. will take b. would take c. take d. took 2. We demand that atomic weapons _ . a. be prohibited b. will be prohibited c. are prohibited d. ought to be prohibited 3. It was suggested that transistors _ in such devices. a. should be used b. should use c. can be used d. we

12、re using 4. The tutor recommended that she _ this book. a. must buy b. buy c. should have bought d. buys 5. The housemaster was strict. He requested that we _ television on week nights. a. not watch b. must not to watch c. not be watching d. have not watched 6. My father did not go to New York, the

13、doctor suggested that he _ there. a. not to go b. won t be c. not go d. not go to 7.I demanded that the students each _ a plan for the summer vacation. a. would make b. will make c. make d. made 8. It is surprising enough that such a horrible thing _ there. a. happened b. will happen c. should happe

14、n d. has happened 9. It was urgent that she _ the master immediately. a. call b. calls c. called d. would call 10. He looks as if he _ nothing about it before. a. knows b. had known c. has known d. wouldn t know 11.My idea is that we _ the challenge. a. ought accept b. will accept c. accept d. are a

15、ccepted 12. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _ round the earth. a. is circling b. has circled c. should circle d. were circling 13. It was suggested at the meeting that effective measures _ to solve the problem. a. be taken b. must be taken c. were taken d. t

16、ake 14. It s advisable that he _ with a clearly defined goal in mind. a. must go b. go c. will go d. goes 15.It seemed as if all of sudden the animal _ danger in the air. a. has smelt b. had smelt c. smelt d. would smell 16.It is better that the book _ on the low stool. a. put b. puts c. should be p

17、ut d. be put 17.He moved that the report _. a. should accept b. should be accepted c. be accept d. would be accepted 18.The professor gave orders that the test _ before 5:30. a. be finished b. will be finished c. will finish d. shall finish 19.It s time he _ something for his coming examination. a.

18、do b. does c. will do d. did 20.It was essential that all the necessary documents _ to the dean s office before Friday. a. be handed in b. must be handed in c. had been handed in d. should hand in 21.It is highly desirable that a new president _ for our institute. a. appointed b. be appointed c. has

19、 been appointed d. is appointed 22. The government ordered that the pollution problem of this city _ within six months. a. would solve b. would be solved c. should be solved d. must solve 23. It is natural that much research _ to overcome corrosion. a. should make b. will make c. is made d. should h

20、ave been made 24. It is important that a consultant engineer _ familiar with modern developments. a. is b. being c. be d. has been 25. Since her blood pressure is much higher than it should be, her doctor insists that she _. a. will not smoke b. is not smoking c. didn t smoke d. not smoke 英语语法网：虚拟语气

21、用在条件状语从句中 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，愿望，建议，怀疑，猜测或不大可能实现的空想。 I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中 虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。 1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 条件状语从句主句 If +主语 +动词过去式主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词 (be的过去式用were) 例如： If I feared death, I wouldn t be a communist. (刘胡兰)怕死就不做共产党员。 If there were no air, we couldn

22、t live. 如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。 Example: I would ask George to lend us the money if I _ him. A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know I _ it to him if I thought he would understand. A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain 2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句 构成 条件状语从句主句 If + 主语 + 动词过去完成式主语 + would, should

23、, could, might+have + 过去分词 例如： If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。 If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate. 如果试管中没有空气，实验结果就会更精确。 Example: If you hadn t gone with Tom to the party last night, _. A. yo

24、u would meet John already B. you won t have missed John C. you will have met John D. you would have met John 3.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 构成 条件状语从句主句 If + 主语+ should +原形动词主语+would,should,could,might或were+不定式+原形动词 例如： If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier. 假如他明天会来，事情就容易办了。 If the sand should be brok

25、en up, it would give out much energy. 如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。 注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时可以省略。如： If he make the design, he might do it in some other way. 要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。 Example: If the sea _ to rise 50 feet, India would become an island. A. will B. is C. was D. were If you _ to see Mary, w

26、hat would you tell her A. are B. will be going C. must D. were We might still catch the train if we _. A. make hurry B. haste C. make haste D. hastily 4.错综时间的虚拟语气 在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如： If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。 (从句

27、表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在或将来事实相反) If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。 (从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反) Example: If you _ that late movie last night, you wouldn t be sleepy. A. haven t watched B. didn t watch C. hadn t watched D. wou

28、ldn t have watched 5.省略连词if 在条件状语从句中，如果有were, should, had，可以把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意义。例如： Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do 万一明天下雨，你怎么办 Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。 Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier. 如果我们过去知道这种

29、新方法，我们早就应用了。 Example: Had Alice been more hardworking, she _. A. had not failed B. would not fail C. could not be failed D. would not have failed _ today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves _ difficulties, we would be successful. A.

30、Should we overcome B. Would we overcome C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome 6.虚拟结构中省略主句或从句 虚拟结构中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意义的完整。 (1)省去条件从句 That would be fine. 那太好了。(省去了if you would come 或类似条件) I wouldn t pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。 We might have produced more coal. 我们可能生产出更多煤炭。 注：省略条

31、件句，在试题中很少见到。 (2)省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去完成时。 If only she were here. 假如她在这儿该多好啊! If only he lived! 假如他活着该多好啊! If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。 Example: If only it _! but it is too late. A. is avoided B. has avoided C. could be avoided D. can be avoided If only everything _ out as we w

32、anted it to in life! A. is working B. worked C. works D. has worked 英语语法网：虚拟语气用在其它状语从句中 1.虚拟语气用在由as if, as though 引导的方式或让步状语从句中，一般情况下，如果主谓语动词为现在时，从句谓语多用过去时;如果主句谓语为过去时，从句谓语多用过去完成时。虚拟语气用在 even if, even though, whatever引导的状语从句中，从句谓语可参照由if引导的虚拟条件从句的谓语，一般用过去时或过去完成时。例如： This old machine runs as if it were

33、 a new one. The old worker works as though he were a young man. Even though she had been here very soon, she would not catch the train. Example: He has just arrived, but he talks as if he _ all about that. a. know b. knows c. known d. knew I can t stand him. He always talks as though he _ everything

34、. a. knew b. knows c. has known d. had known _ I used a lot of examples I still could not get my idea across. a. Since b. But that c. Now that d. Even though 2.虚拟语气用在so that, lest (唯恐), in case (万一), unless, in order that(为了，以便), that(为了，以至于), for fear that (生怕，以免), on condition that (如果)等引导的目的，条件状语

35、从句中，从句谓语 may 或 might+原形动词，也有用 should, can, could+原形动词构成的。例如： The teacher explained the law once more in order that we might understand it better. Some people eat so that they may live. Others seem to live in order that they may eat. 一些人吃是为了生存，而另一些人似乎是活着就是为了吃。虚拟语气用在其它状语从句中 I left him a note with my a

36、ddress on for fear that he should not know where to see me. The heroes gave their lives that we might live a happy life. 为了我们过上幸福生活，英雄们献出了自己的生命。 Example: In case I _, I would try again. a. will fail b. would miss c. should fail d. shall miss You should exercise vigilance _ you should be killed. a. s

37、o that b. lest c. therefore d. that 3.虚拟语气用在由 whether 引导的让步状语从句中，从句谓语用原形动词。例如： All engines work on this principle, whether they be large or small. 所有发动机都按这一原理工作，无论它们是大还是小。 We must finish the work before we go home, whether it be early or late. 无论时间早晚，我们必须在回家前干完工作。 All matter, whether it be gas, liqu

38、id or solid, is made up of atoms. 所有物质，不论是气体，液体，或固体，都是由原子构成。 在此句型中，可省去 whether ，而将be放在主语前。例如： Be it so, we must continue to do the test. We must do our best to fulfil the task, be it ever so hard. Example: _ I ll marry him all the same. a. Were he rich or poor b. Be he rich or poor c. Whether rich o

39、r poor d. Being rich or poor 练习题： 1._, I must do another experiment. a. It is ever so late b. Ever so late it c. Be it ever so late d. Whether be it ever so late 2.The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it _ on the way. a. goes wrong b. would go wrong c. went wrong d. should go wrong

40、 3.Machines are often oiled so that they _ well. a. ran b. runs c. should run d. running 4.Even if he _ very busy, he would have kept on learning English. a. had been b. was c. were d. had being 5.Supposing the weather _ bad, where would you go a. is b. will be c. was d. were 6. _, he could not succ

41、eed. a. However, he tried that b. He tried however hard c. However he could try d. However hard he tried 7. Even though the enemy _ wings, they couldn t escape from our encirclement. a. had b. had had c. have d. has 8.She described the accident as if she _ it herself. a. saw b. has seen c. had seen d. sees 9.He came to meet us at the station for fear that we _ the wrong way. a. take b. should take c. took d. had