【名师原创】下学期新牛津译林版八年级英语同步辅导讲义：专题 阅读理解

1、简单学习网讲义学科：英语 轮次：初二英语同步复习课程-下学期 专题：阅读理解主讲教师：程潇潇 北师大二附中英语教师 初二英语同步复习课程-下学期专题：阅读理解主讲教师：程潇潇第一部分：开篇语第二部分：主要考点梳理题一：主题句在段首或篇首。 All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the sa

2、me kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain(食物链)。 Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears.Which of the following do you think is thebest

3、title for this passage?A. Animals B. Plants C. Food Chains D. Living Things无主题句 Killer bees started in Brazil 1957. A scientist in Sao Paulo wanted bees to make more honey（蜂蜜). So he put forty-six African bees with some Brazilian bees. The bees bred(繁殖) and made a new kind of bees. But the new bees

4、were a mistake. They didnt want to make more honey. They wanted to attack. Then, by accident, twenty-six African bees escaped and bred with the Brazilian bees outside.Scientists could not control（控制) the problem. The bees increased fast. They went from Brazil to Venezuela. Then they went to Central

5、America. Now they are in North America. They travel about 390 miles a year. Each group of bees grows four times a year. This means one million new groups every five years. Why are people afraid of killer bees? People are afraid for two reasons. First, the bees sting（叮) many more times than usual bee

6、s. Killer bees can sting sixty times a minute nonstop for two hours. Second, killer bees attack in groups. Four hundred bee stings can kill a person.Already several hundred people are dead. Now killer bees are in Texas. In a few years they will reach all over the United States. People can do nothing

7、 but wait. 在这篇短文的后面就出了一道这样的阅读理解题：The best title of the passage is_.A. How to make more honey B. Killer beesC. A foolish scientist D. How to feed killer bees题二：根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理猜测词义：例1：A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语). One is “ to let the cat out

8、of the bag.”It is the same as “to tell a secret”. Now when someone lets out (泄漏)a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag”.短文后面有一个理解题目：John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he _.A. makes everyone know a secret B. the woman bout a catC. buys a cat in the bagD. sells the cat in the bag例2：As they go

9、 around town, the police help people. Sometimes they find lost children. They take the children home. If the police see a fight, they put an end to it right away. Sometimes people will ask the police how to get to a place in town. The police can always tell the people which way to go. They know all

10、the streets and roads well.文章后面有这样一道题：In the text, “put an end to” means“_”.A. stop B. cut C. kill D. fly例3：There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The island is North Island in New Zealand. 文章后面有这样一道题：What does

11、the word “steam” mean in Chinese?A. 自来水 B. 大气 C. 冰川 D. 蒸汽 题三：如何确定细节和事实？What do plants make food from? They make food from _.A. sunlight, water and things in the soil and airB. water, sunlight and things in the soilC. water and things in the soil and airD. water, sunlight and things in the soil如何进行推断

12、？ 在阅读材料中，有这样一段文字： Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People dont want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kinds of danger and seem to be “bad” news. According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?A.

13、You often play football with your friends after school.B. Your teacher has got a cold.C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught.D. The bike in front of your house is lost.题四：一、信息错位，表里不一。Beijing-Shanghai Railway was completed in 1968. Since opening, it has been one of the busiest r

14、outes in our country. The Beijing-Shanghai Route is now served by 10 trains a day, five of which are non-stop. The journey time is just under 12 hours. Now trains are allowed to travel at 250 kph(kilometers per hour) and the journey time is only 10 hours.文中的第三题：When the Beijing-Shang train runs at 2

15、50 kph, the passengers speed _ on the trainA. ten hours B. twelve hours C. one day D. two days二、无据推理，张冠李戴。 “Sorry! Maybe I was too hard on you just now. ” said the man, “Heres $10.” “Oh, thank you, Daddy!” he said happily. Then, the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already

16、 had money, he got angry again. “Why do you want more money since you already have some?” the father shouted angrily.“Because I didnt have enough, but now I do.” the little boy replied, “Daddy, I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinn

17、er with you.”文章第一题：From the passage, we can infer（推断）that the boys father _.A. often played with his sonB. spent little time with his sonC. didnt love his son at allD. often came back home early三、仅凭印象，胡乱猜词。“Daddy, could you lend me $10?” The father was furious, “If you asked for the money to buy a t

18、oy or some other rubbish, then go straight to your room and think about why you are being so selfish（自私的）!” Then, the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already had money, he got angry again.文章第二题：In this passage, the underlined word “furious” means _. A. very angry B. quite

19、 happy C. too excited D. a little nervous四、无视主题，以点带面。Jack Brown, an office worker, lives in Washington. He inherited (继承)a million dollars when he was 23, but he wasnt happy at all. He gave 10,000 of his money to a charity (慈善机构) to help poor children live a better life. Today he is 36. He still wea

20、rs cheap shoes and clothes and drives a small car only, but he is very happy.文章最后一题：Whats the main idea of the story?A. Help others, and you will feel happy.B. Its necessary to write letters to poor children.C. Live a simple life, and you can give others help.D. Its the most important to help the ch

21、ildren in Africa.第三部分：金题精讲题一：阅读下面三篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。1 . If youre interested in music, you can read “_”. A. National spots B. Sad movies C. The planets D. Weather service2 . You can learn something about weather in_. A. Unit 1 B. Unit 2 C. Unit 3 D. Unit 43 . Words about _ are i

22、n Unit 5. A. music stars B. weather conditions C. sports tools D. space news 4 . In all the units, you can learn the skill of_. A. predicting by title B. understanding attitude C. understanding main ideas D. guessing meaning of new words题二：Lets have a try The undersea world is very beautiful. Now mo

23、re and more people want to dive in the water to find the secrets there. Scuba diving is a new sport today. It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus. Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp

24、 teeth.During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. However, you cant dive too deep. And you must be very car

25、eful when you dive in deep water.The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. Its cold, and its dark, too. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is. At about 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.Be

26、sides (除了) the cold and darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger - other animals. Animals eat! They must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants. However, some animals eat meat. This means these sea animals have two big jobs. They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to bec

27、ome other animals meal.1. Why do people want to dive in the sea? Because _.A. they want to catch fishB. they want to find the secrets of the undersea worldC. the sea is deepD. there are all kinds of plants in the sea2. In the daytime, when you dive in the sea, you _. A. can see everything green and

28、blue B. cant be in danger C. can catch nothing D. cant see anything clearly3. How many dangers will animals meet in the deep sea? A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four4. When you do scuba diving, you can_. A. stay in deep water for a long time B. dive very, very deep C. live in deep water easily D. dive fr

29、eely without any dangers5. Which of the following is WRONG? A. One animal finds something to eat, and it may be eaten by others. B. At the depth of 3,000 feet under the sea, many animals can find their way by hearing and feeling. C. The deeper the sea is, the darker and colder it is. D. At the depth

30、 of 3,000 feet under the sea, all animals can find their way by seeing.题三：In America, just as in Europe, men usually open doors for women, and women always walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant, unless （除非）the men have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car

31、or do some other things like the above. On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic.But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them.Then if the host （男主人）or hostess （女主人）or both of them come in a car to get their guest for

32、 dinner, the guest should sit at the front seat and leave the back seat though there is no people sitting on it.1. In America men usually _.A. walk ahead of women B. eat in a restaurantC. walk behind women D. drive a car to work2. In the street men _. A. cross the street B. walk on the right side of

33、 the ladies C. walk on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic D. walk near the ladies3. If a man walks with two ladies, he should_. A. walk between them B. run before them C. follow them D. go away4. If Mrs. Green wants you to her house in a car, you should _. A. sit beside a guest B. sit at t

34、he front seat C. sit at the back seat D. drive the car第四部分：名师寄语第五部分：课后自测When you cough or sneeze, youd better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me.”This seems so simple, but it is surprising how many kids have neve

35、r been told to do this. Actually, I notice adults all the time who cough and sneeze in public without placing a hand over the mouth. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hands, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. If not, they will be p

36、assing those germs (细菌) along to everything and everyone they touch.If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it open, stand to the side, and allow the other person to pass through first, then you can walk through. If the door opens by push

37、ing, hold the door after you pass through.After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get through doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. Teaching them small acts of kindness, such as letting someone else

38、 go through a door first as they hold it open, may seem unimportant, but it can go a long way toward helping students realize how to be polite and thank others. Once theyve been told, theyre halfway there.When we have to go up moving stairs, we will stand to the right. That will give others who are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left-hand side of the moving stairs. When we are going to enter