2021届高考英语二轮语法复习专题2名词和主谓一致

1、2021届高考英语二轮语法复习专题2名词和主谓一致2021届高考英语二轮语法复习专题2名词和主谓一致 2021届高考英语二轮语法复习专题2名词和主谓一致名词和主谓一致教师学生时间和时段 年 月 日( ： ： ）学科英语年级 教材名称 授课题目高考一轮专题复习二：名词和主谓一致课 次第( )次课专题基础知识及运用【小试牛刀】Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee the security of_visitors_（visit）from home and abroad.

2、 Secondly，we must be able to speak it correctly with_confidence_(confident） and without hesitation.Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese_paintings_(painting).-Where did

3、you two have your_stomachs_(stomach）examined？ -At the doctors.We were examined by two famous_Germans_（German).Last night we went to the barbers,where I met a friend of my_brothers_(brother).She is the only one among the_women_(woman） writers who often works in that_shoe_（shoe)shop for her new story。

4、（用一般现在时）What we need most_is_（be） money while what we need most_are_（be） textbooks.（用一般现在时）A pair of glassed_is_(be) on the table，but the glasses_arent_（be not) yours。(用一般现在时）A survey of the opinions of the experts_shows_(show） that three hours of outdoor exercise a week_is_(be) good for ones health

5、。The family as well as their dog_were trapped_(trap)on the roof by the flood yesterday. （用一般现在时）There_（be) a dog and three ducks in the yard，in the middle of which_（be） two tall trees with great shade. 答案:is;areDr。 Black,as well as his students_（do) experiments in the lab now。 答案: is doing【必备知识点】考点1

6、 名词的数1.有些可数名词的单、复数同形，要根据上下文确定它们是单数还是复数.例：sheep羊，fish鱼，deer鹿,Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人，means方式有些可数名词虽然是单数形式，但表示复数意义.此类名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例：people人们， police警察们，警方一般而言,集合名词若强调一个整体，作单数用；若强调各个成员，作复数用。例：class班级，family家庭， group小组“of+抽象名词”相当于形容词。能用在此结构中的抽象名词有importance，value，use，significance,help等. 例：This dictio

7、nary is of great value to students。=This dictionary is very valuable to students。有些名词作不可数名词和可数名词时含义不同 time时间times次数，倍数 work工作works作品，工厂 paper纸papers试卷，论文,报纸抽象名词具体化 英语中有一些名词在通常情况下表示抽象概念,是不可数名词，但被赋予了具体含义之后，转换为可数名词,即抽象名词具体化.抽象名词具体化实例：抽象名词(不可数)具体化后（可数）beauty美，美貌beauty美人,美好的事物danger危险danger危险的人或事failure失

8、败failure失败的事，失败的人success成功,胜利success成功的事，成功的人honor尊敬，敬意honor令人尊敬的人/事pleasure愉快,快乐pleasure乐事surprise惊奇surprise令人惊奇的事物pity怜悯，同情pity憾事考点2 名词的格填空 the _ schoolbag 那个男孩的书包 the_ toys 那些孩子的玩具 _ Day 教师节 _ Day 妇女节 my_ plan 我老板的计划 my_birthday 我姐夫的生日 a_ holiday 一周的假 thirty_ ride 三十分钟的车程 the window _ the room 房间

9、的窗户 the arrival of the visitors 参观者的到来 the bottom of the sea海底 the cost of living 生活成本双重所有格 _ 我弟弟的一位朋友 _ 我的一个好朋友 _ 我的一张照片(照片上是我） _ 我的一张照片（所属于我） 考点3 名词作定语名词作定语时一般使用单数形式，但有少数使用复数形式 例：sports meeting clothes store带有名词作定语的名词词组由单数变为复数时，通常只变后面被修饰的名词,作定语的名词通常不变。但如果作 定语的名词是man或者是woman，作定语的名词和被修饰的名词都要变为复数形式。

10、例:a shoe factory 一个鞋厂five shoe factories 五个鞋厂 a man teacher 一个男老师two men teachers 两个男老师 a woman doctor 一个女医生four women doctors四个女医生考点4 主谓一致主谓一致的原则:语法一致，逻辑一致，就近一致。语法一致就是指句子的谓语动词和句子主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。两个特殊情况： (1）主语后面紧跟着as well as，rather than ,except,besides,with，along with,together with，like,including等时，谓语

11、动词的形式与前面的主语保持一致，跟后面的无关. 例：The teacher as well as the students is ready to help others. (2）trousers,clothes，glasses，chopsticks,scissors，gloves等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。但当主语被kind of/pair of/amount of等修饰时，谓语动词的形式根据kind/pair/amount的数来确定例：Jims trousers are brown。 This pair of trousers was made by Mr.Li.逻辑一致就是谓语动词的数必

12、须和主语的意义一致(因为有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时主语形式为复数，但意义为单数）.几种特殊情况: (1)由“a lot of/plenty of/the rest of/the majority or+名词”构成的短语以及由“百分数/分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据短语中的名词来定。 例：Three quarters of the surface of the earth is covered by water. （2） a number of+复数名词：表示“许多,作主语时谓语动词用复数 the number of+复数名词：表示“的数量”,谓语动词用单数 (3

13、）表示时间、距离金额、重量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主语通常作整体来看，谓语动词用单数形式。 例：For those hikers,ten kilometers is not a long distance。就近一致就是谓语动词的人称和数与距其最近的主语保持一致。我们称为“就近原则.符合就近原则的情况： (1）由“eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also”连接的名词/代词作主语时。 （2）在表示存在意义的there be句型中。【巩固练习高考真题】 But for tourists like me,pandas are its top_attraction_

14、（attract)。Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of_achievement_（achieve).Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,who lived fro roughly 551 to 479 B.C。，influenced the_development_（develop)of the chopsticks。Some schools will have to make _adjustments_

15、(adjust)in agreement with the national soccer reform。-Go and say sorry to your Mum，Dave. Id like to，but Im afraid she wont be happy with my_apologies_（apologize).-Why not buy a second-hand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one？ -Thats a good _suggestion_（suggest)。Whenever I made mist

16、akes,the teacher pointed them out with_patience_(patient）.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest._honesty_（改错）The nursery team switches him every few_days_(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fedRecent _studies_（study)show that we are far more productive at workIf

17、 we go on a trip abroad,we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books._knowledge_ （改错)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me._years_（改错)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier._air_（改错）Since thenfor all these yearwe have been allowing

18、tomatoes to selfseed where they please。_years_（改错)If you fell stressed by responsibilities at work,you should take a step backLeaving the less important things until tomorrow_is_（be) often acceptable。Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and_were_(be） too violate for use at the t

19、able。for most of us the_changes_(change） are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted riverAll we need _is_(be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees。The famous musician,as well as his students,_was invited_(invite） to perform at the op

20、eing ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. 完形填空 阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，从各题所给的A。B。C.D四个选项中,选出最佳选项. Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device (装置） on your desk. And theyve never actually 1 you. Everything they know about you 2 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of

21、 miles away。 3 they feel they can know you 4 from the sound of your voice。 Thats how powerful the 5 is。 Powerful， yes， but not always 6 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone。 Rani， my faceless agent whom Id never met 7 ， got me rockbottom prices on airfares, cars， and hotels。 But he

22、r cold voice really 8 me。 I sometimes wished to 9 another agent。 One morning， I had to 10 an immediate flight home for a family emergency。 I ran into Ranis office 11 。 The woman sitting at the desk， 12 my madness， sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 13 smile, nodded while listening patiently， a

23、nd then printed out the 14 immediately. “What a wonderful lady！” I thought. Rushing out 15 I called out over my shoulder， “By the way, whats your name?” “Im Rani,” she said。 I turned around and saw a 16 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 17 ！ Why had I thought sh

24、e was cold? Rani was, well， so 18 . Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out。 Ranis 19 -her warm smile, her nods， her Im here for you 20 were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires.1. A。 accepted B。 noticed C。 heard D。 met2. A。 came B. moved C。 ran D。 devel

25、oped3。 A。 Thus B。 Yet C。 Then D。 Indeed4。 A. rather B. also C. just D。 already5. A. telephoneB。 voice C。 connection D。 impression6。 A. direct B。 useful C。 easy D. accurate7. A. in person B. by myself C。 in public D. on purpose8。 A. annoyed B. interested C。 discouraged D。 confused9. A。 promote B。 tra

26、in C。 find D. know10。 A。 arrange B。 postpone C。 confirm D. book11。 A. for the first time B. at any time C。 from time to time D。 in good time12。 A. expecting B。 seeing C. testing D。 avoiding13. A. shy B。 comforting C。 familiar D。 forced14。 A. bill B。 form C。 ticket D. list15. A. hopefully B. disappoi

27、ntedly C. gratefully D. regretfully16。 A。 careful B. serious C。 nervous D。 pleasant17。 A。 amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless18。 A。 calm B. nice C. proud D. clever19。 A. forgiveness B。 eagerness C。 friendliness D。 skillfulness20。 A. explanation B。 attitude C。 concept D。 behavior【KEYS】DABCA D

28、AACD ABBCC DDBCB生词笔记整理：阅读理解AReading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then need to discuss them。Now，the website BookCrossing。com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book groups. Members go on the site and register the books

29、 they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves place, hoping that the book will have an adventure,traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it。 Bruce Pederson， the managing director of BookCrossing, says,

30、The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read。 BookCrossing combines both。 Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops。Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it。 People who find a book can also

31、leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it。E-mails are then can to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about their books have been found。 Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home。BookCrossing is part of a trend a

32、mong people who want to get back to the real and not the virtual(虚拟).The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries。1. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph? A.To explain what they are. B。 To introduce BookCrossing. C。 To stress

33、 the importance of reading. D.To encourage readers to share their ideas.2。 What does the underlined word ”it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The book. B。 An adventure。 C。A public place。 D。 The identification number.3。What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it？ A. Meet other readers to disc

34、uss it。 B.keep it safe in his bookcase。 C。Pass it on to another reader。 D。 Mail it back to its owner.4。 What is the best title for the text? A。 Online Reading： A Virtual Tour. B。 Electronic Books： A New Trend。 C。A book Group Brings Tradition Back. D。A Website Links People through Books。生词笔记整理：B A ne

35、w collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life。Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstanding - undoubtedly first-rate photojounalism-if they had been made last week.In fact,they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难）, by a cameraman

36、 who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water， in the damaged wooden ship。 The ship was the Endurance，a small,tight,Norwegianbuilt three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scient

37、ists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇）across the continent。 The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done。 Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in

38、 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back。 As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort。 Scotts last journey， completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger， caug

39、ht the worlds imagination， and a film made in his honor drew crowds。 Shackleton， a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908， started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley，a confident and g

40、ifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic， was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published。5. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley？ A.They were made last week. B。 They showed undersea sceneries. C. They were found by a cameraman. D. They recorded a

41、 disastrous adventure.6。 Who reached the South Pole first according to the text？ A. Frank Hurley. B. Erenst Shackleton C。 Robert Falcon Scott。 D。 Caroline Alexander。7.What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage? A. Artistic creation B. Scientific research C。 Money making D. Treasure

42、 hunting生词笔记整理：七选五阅读 Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 G But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year， but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying， storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult。 2

43、 D This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way。 3 F Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge。 Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh。 4 A When you have bought a fish and arrive home， youd better store the fish in the refrigerat

44、or if you dont cook it immediately， but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two。 Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one. There are many common methods used to cook fish。 5 B First,clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料）。Put the whole fish on a plate and ste

45、am it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound。(A larger one will take more time.)Then，its ready to serve.A。Do not buy it.B。The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It just requires a little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad within hours。F.When buying fish,you s

46、hould first smell it.G.The fats in fish are though to help prevent heart disease.语法填空和短文改错第一节 语法填空 （共10小题,每小题1。5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式. In 1608, Thomas Coryate， an Englishman, visited Italy. He liked the country and noted down every interesting thing 1 that he had found。 But the

47、re was one thing he found more interesting than the others. In his diary, Thomas wrote，When the Italians eat meat， they use small forks instead 2 of their hands。 As they say, people do not always have clean hands。 Before 3 leaving (leave） for England， Thomas bought a few forks. At home he gave a din

48、ner party to show the invention to his friends。 When the servants brought the steak, he took out 4 a fork and began to eat as people did in Italy。 Everybody looked at him in surprise. When he told his friends what it was， they all wanted 5 to take （take） a good look at the strange thing。 They said t

49、hat the Italians were very strange people, for the fork was not very 6_convenient_ （conveniently)。 Thomas tried to prove the opposite. He said 7 it was not nice to eat meat with ones fingers 8 because they were not always clean 。He wanted to show how easy it was to use the fork。 But the first piece

50、of meat he took with the fork 9 fell (fall） to the floor。 His friends began to laugh and he had to take the fork away. Only fifty years later 10 did people in England begin to use forks。第二节 短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分,满分10分) An old woman had a cat. The cat was very old to run quickly， and nor was she able to bite it。 One day the old cat too 去掉it saw a mouse in the kitchen.She jumped and caught it。But the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, so the ca