2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit1TeenageLife课件新人教版必修第一册

1、UNIT 1 TEENAGE LIFE核心单词阅读词汇1.ballet n.芭蕾舞2.greenhouse n.温室；暖房3.title n.(书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔4.topic n.话题；标题5.freshman n.(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生6.literature n.文学；文学作品7.extracurricular adj.课外的；课程以外的8.plate n.盘子；碟子9.youth n.青年时期；青春10.adult n.成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的高频词汇debatequitscheduleexpert1._ n.辩论；争论vt.& vi.辩论；争论

2、2._ vi.& vt.停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)3._ n.工作计划；日程安排vt.安排；预定4._ n.专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的5._ n.行为；举止behaviour6._ n.一代(人)generationfocus7._ vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n.中心；重点；焦点拓展词汇1.teenage adj.十几岁的(指 13 至 19 岁)；青少年的 _n.(13 至 19 岁之间的)青少年teenagervoluntary2.volunteer n.志愿者_ adj.志愿的3.prefer vt.较喜欢_ n.喜欢；偏爱prefer

3、ence4._ n.内容；pl.目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题contented adj.满足的；心安的contentmovement5.move v.移动；搬家_ n.动作；运动；活动6._ adj.合适的；适用的suit n.套装；西装v.适合suitableactuallychallenging7._ adv.事实上；的确actual adj.实际上的；事实上的8.challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向挑战_ adj.挑战的；引起挑战性的9._ vt.使糊涂；使迷惑confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的_ adj.糊涂的；迷惑的confusion n.糊涂；迷

4、惑confuseconfusedfluentfluently10._ adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的_ adv.熟练地fluency n.(语言、文章)流利；(技能)娴熟11.graduate vi.& vt.毕业；获得学位n.毕业生_n.毕业graduationrecommend12._ vt.建议；推荐；介绍recommendation n.推荐信；推荐；建议13.advance n.前进；发展vi.前进；发展vt.发展；促进_ adj.高级的；高等的；先进的advanced14.obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的_ adv.显然；明显地obviouslyresponsible

5、responsibility15._ adj.负责的；有责任的_ n.责任；义务responsibly adv.负责任地solutionedit16._ n.解决办法；答案solve v.解决adventurous17.editor n.主编；编辑；编者_ v.编辑18.adventure n.冒险；奇遇_ adj.冒险的19.survive v.幸存；存活_ n.生存；幸存；幸存事物_ n.幸存者survivalsurvivor20._ vt.吸引；引起的注意(或兴趣)_adj.吸引人的attraction n.吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物21.addict n.对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人

6、_ adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的_ n.上瘾；沉溺addictiveadj.使人上瘾的attractaddictedaddictionattractive 联想积累【派生构词】1.movement(动词名词后缀-ment同义名词)judgement 判断agreement 同意；协议arguement 争论development 发展2.suitable(动词形容词后缀-able形容词)comfortable 舒服的acceptable 可接受的changeable 易变的respectable 值得尊敬的，人格高尚的3.addicted(名词形容词后缀-ed形容词)talented 有天赋

7、的crowded 拥挤的【合成构词】greenhouse(名词 1名词 2新名词)waterfall 瀑布freshman (中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生background 背景airport 机场重点短语1._.to.喜欢多于2.clean _ 打扫(或清除)干净3._ for 对适合的suitablefluentsignresponsible4.be _ in 在方面流利5._ up (for sth.)报名(参加课程)6.be _ for 对负责usedattracted7.get/be _ to 习惯于8.be _ to 喜爱9.focus _集中；特别关注10._ to 对

8、很入迷preferuponaddicted精选佳句教材原句Goingfromto1._ _ junior high school _ seniorhigh school is a really big challenge.从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。句式结构句式 1：动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数形式教材原句shouldsignupfor2.My adviser recommended that I _ _ _ advanced literature because I like English andIm good at it.我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且

9、成绩不错。句式结构句式 2：recommendthat 从句，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)do”，should 可以省略教材原句sothat3.Ill find a way to improve on my own _ _ Ican make the team next year.我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。句式结构句式 3：so that 引导目的状语从句，意为“以便；为了”教材原句tobeattractedto4.It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation _ _ _ compute

10、r games and the onlineworld.你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引，这没有什么不正常。句式结构句式 4：It is/wasadj.(for sb.)to do sth., it 作形式主语，真正的主语是 to do sth.课文复现Adam is a freshman at senior high school.Going from juniorhigh school to senior high school is 1._ really bigchallenge.The first week was a little 2._ (confuse) forhim.

11、First, he had to think about which courses are 3._ (suit)for him.The adviser recommended that he should sign up for4._ (advance) literature because he likes English and hesgood at it.Second, he had to choose extracurricular 5._(activity).He tried to join the school football team 6._abutconfusingsuit

12、ableadvancedactivitiesfailed, so he 7._ (join) a volunteer club 8._ (help)the homeless in the community.Third, hes a bit worried aboutkeeping up with the other students and it is quite difficult9._ him to get used to all the homework.10._(study) hard isnt always fun, but he will be prepared for his

13、future.joinedto helpforStudying单句语法填空1.Theyd soon be penniless and homeless if she couldnt find_ (suit) work.suitableto2.I had already taken steps to speed up a solution _the problem.graduation3.On the _ (graduate) ceremony, I represented allthe graduates to give a speech.4.Addicted to _ (play) comp

14、uter games, he wasabsent-minded in class.reportingadvanced5.In my opinion, I strongly recommend _ (report) theincident to the police.6.To be honest, our agricultural productivity remained low bycomparison with _ (advance) countries like the UnitedStates.adventurous7.Mary is _ (adventure), always see

15、king somethingnew and exciting to do.playing8.It took an extraordinary effort to focus _ preparinghis classes or correcting his students work.on9.Though he was forced to give up playing soccer, hisfavourite sport, he challenged _ (he) to learn swimming.10.I think the instructions were not just _ (co

16、nfuse),they were positively misleading.himselfconfusing1.prefer vt.较喜欢【原句】I prefer helping others.(教材 P12)我喜欢帮助别人。【典例】 That is the reason why fish prefer shallow water to deepwater.那就是为什么与深水区相比，鱼儿更喜欢浅水区的原因。I prefer to watch TV at home rather than go out.我宁愿待在家里看电视也不愿出去。Honestly speaking, I prefer yo

17、u to go with us.坦率地讲，我希望你和我们一块去。【归纳】prefer sth.to sth.与相比更喜欢某物prefer sb.to do sth.愿意/希望某人做某事prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做某事prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿意做prefer doing.to doing.宁愿做而不愿意做【点津】(1)prefer 的过去式和过去分词均是 preferred，现在分词是preferring。(2)prefer 意为“更喜欢”，故不能与比较级和最高级形式连用。(3)表示“宁愿做而不愿意做”的表达还有：would

18、rather do.than do., would do.rather than do.。【拓展】preference n.偏爱；更喜欢；优先权in preference to.优先于give preference to sb./sth.给以优惠/优待have a preference for.更喜欢；偏爱【即学即用】单句语法填空topreferencewatching(1)Many people prefer _ snack when they aretravelling rather than have a full meal.(2)He prefers to surf the Inter

19、net rather than do anything elsebecause playing computer is his _ (prefer).(3)I prefer studying English at home to _ (watch) thematch.句式改写，每空一词wouldtalk(4)Many teenagers would rather talk to their friends than telltheir parents about their problems.(改为同义句) Many teenagers _ _ to their friends_ _ _ th

20、eir parents about their problems. Many teenagers_ _ _ to theirfriends _ _ _ their parents about theirproblems.ratherthantellprefertotalktellrather than 2.confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的【原句】 The first week was a little confusing.(教材 P14)第一周让我有点困惑。【典例】The instructions on the box are very confusing.盒子上的说明很令人费

21、解。The question is so hard, and were getting confused.这个问题太难了，我们都糊涂了。People often confuse me with my twin sister. 人们经常分不清我和我的孪生妹妹。My deskmate came into the classroom with a confused lookon his face.我的同桌走进教室，脸上带着困惑的表情。【辨析】 confusing 与 confused【拓展】(1)confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑；(将)混淆confuse A with B 将 A 和 B 混淆(

22、2)confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的；混乱的be confused about sth.对某事有疑问(3)confusion n.糊涂；迷惑；混乱in confusion 困惑地；处于混乱状态【即学即用】单句语法填空confusesconfusion(1)The road sign _ (confuse) many drivers.(2)There was some _ (confuse) as to whether he hadwon or lost.(3)They asked me so many questions that I got _(confuse) and didnt

23、know how to answer them.(4)The author takes novel reading as a way to get away from a_ (confuse) world.confusedconfusing3.recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍【原句】 My adviser recommended that I should sign up foradvanced literature because I like English and Im good at it.( 教材P14)我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。【典例】H

24、e recommended reading the book before seeing the film.他建议看电影前先读这本书。 Can you recommend a good dictionary to me( recommend me a good dictionary)？你能给我推荐一本好的字典吗？ I recommend him to see a doctor.I recommend that he(should) see a doctor.我建议他去看医生。【归纳】recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事recommend doing sth.建议做某事r

25、ecommend sb.sth.recommend sth.to sb.向某人推荐某物recommendthat 从句从句用“(should)do”，should 可省recommend sb.as.推荐某人为recommend sb.for 推荐某人(某职位)一个坚持insist两个命令order, command三个建议advise, suggest, propose四个要求demand, require, request, ask外加一个敦促urge【点津】以下动词后接宾语从句且从句中的谓语动词用(should)do(其中 should 可以省略)，是虚拟语气的一种：【拓展】(1)rec

26、ommendation n.推荐信；推荐；建议follow ones recommendations 听从某人的建议(2)Its highly recommended that.人们强烈推荐【即学即用】单句语法填空recommendation(1)He gave her the job on her uncles_(recommend).(2)I would recommend Mr.Bryant _ the position ofassistant manager.for完成句子，每空一词recommendyoutogo(3)我劝你不要孤身一人到那里去。I wouldnt _ _ _ _th

27、erealone.recommendtome(4)你能为我推荐一部好看的电影吗？Can you_ _ _ a good film?4.focus n.中心；重点；焦点vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距【原句】 But spending too much time online is unhealthy andmakes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.(教材 P18)但是在网上花太多时间是不健康的，而且会让你很难集中精力关注生活中的其他事情。【典例】The focus of attention has c

28、hanged.关注的焦点已转移。 You should stop focusing on whom to blame and startfocusing on how to improve the situation.你应该开始关注如何改善局面而不是去责怪谁。【归纳】out of focus 焦点未对准的；模糊不清的focus(.)on/upon 集中()于；聚焦()于focus on 集中；特别关注；聚焦于focus ones attention on.集中注意力于the focus of attention 关注的焦点【点津】表示“专心于；致力于”的其他短语还有：be devoted to

29、, belost/engaged/absorbed in, concentrate on, fix/concentrate onesattention/eyes/mind on 等。【拓展】focused adj.注意力集中的；目标明确的【即学即用】单句语法填空onis focused(1)Most of us are more focused _ our tasks in themorning than we are later in the day.(2)She tends to shrink up whenever attention _(focus) on her.focusing(3

30、)The old man stood there, _ (focus) his eyes on thepicture.完成句子，每空一词(4)这表明现今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承担着父母的希望。thefocusoffamiliesIt shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are_ _ _ _ ， shouldering the hopeof their parents.1.get/be used to 习惯于【原句】 I know Ill have to study harder as a senior highsch

31、ool student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.(教材 P14)我知道作为一名高中生我得更加努力地学习，并且学会习惯承担更多的责任。【典例】 When Samantha got used to the accent she began tounderstand it.当萨曼莎习惯了这个口音之后，她就开始理解了。We used to go there every year.我们过去每年都去那儿。(现在不去了)Wood is used to make paper.木材被用来造纸。【归纳】be/get used to doin

32、g 习惯于做某事used to do 过去常常做某事(暗指现在不这样了)be/get used to do 被用来做【点津】be accustomed to (doing) sth.意为“习惯于(表状态)”；become/get accustomed to (doing) sth. 意为“习惯于(表动作)”，与 be/get/become used to (doing)可互换。【即学即用】单句语法填空to beliving(1)Life here is much easier than it used _ (be).(2)Ive lived in Paris for six years, so

33、 Im quite used to _(live) here.(3)I can still remember the sitting room where my mother andI used _ (sit) in the evening.to sit完成句子，每空一词(4)他很快适应了大学里浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。gotusedtoHe quickly _ _ _ the strong academicatmosphere and colorful activities in the college.2.be responsible for 对负责【原句】 I know Ill h

34、ave to study harder as a senior highschool student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.(教材 P14)我知道作为一名高中生我得更加努力地学习，并且学会习惯承担更多的责任。【典例】 This is a balanced report of the election campaign.For wemust be responsible for the local people.这是对竞选活动公正的报道。因为我们必须对当地人负责。 To be honest, you are too yo

35、ung for such a responsibleposition.坦率地讲，对于这样一个责任重大的职位，你太年轻了。 She feels a strong sense of responsibility towards heremployees.她对雇员有很强的责任感。 They are likely to respond positivelyto the presidentsrequest for aid.他们有可能积极地回应该总统的援助请求。【拓展】(1)responsibility n.责任；义务；责任感a sense of responsibility 责任感take on the

36、 responsibility 承担责任take responsibility for 对负责(2)respond v.回答；作出反应；承担责任respond to 对做出回应【即学即用】单句语法填空for(1)Human activity is not responsible _ all watershortages.responsibility(2)The media has a moral _ (responsible) toreport news truthfully.(3)Im pleased to say that he is now doing well and respondi

37、ng_ treatment.to3.addicted to 对很入迷【原句】 Some students even become addicted to the Internetand cannot concentrate on school and family life.(教材 P18)一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，不能集中精力在学习和家庭生活上。【典例】A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted tosending and receiving messages.短信狂指的是对收发短信上瘾的人。She is a TV addict

38、 and watches as much as she can.她是一个电视迷，看尽可能多的电视。 She kicked her three pack-a-day cigarette habit， andovercame her addiction to alcohol.她改掉了一天三包烟的恶习，并戒掉了酒瘾。【点津】短语 be addicted to 中，to 为介词，其后接名词或 v.ing 形式。类似用法的短语还有：get down to, look forward to, be/getused (accustomed) to, object to, pay attention to,

39、devote to/bedevoted to, lead to, stick to, contribute to 等。【拓展】(1)addict n.对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人(2)addiction n.上瘾；入迷(3)addictive adj.使人成瘾的；使人入迷的【即学即用】单句语法填空Addicted(1)_ (addict) to playing computer games, Zhang Huacant help spending too much time surfing the Internet.(2)In Japan, too, researchers are concern

40、ed about cell phone_ (addict).addictionsmoking(3)Some are addicted to _ (smoke) cigarettes, onlyseveral packets of which will hurt their lungs.1.Going from junior high school to senior high school is areally big challenge.(教材 P14)从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。【剖析】 本句是简单句，主语是 Going from junior highschool to seni

41、or high school，谓语是 is，即动名词短语作主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【典例】 (2019全国卷阅读理解 B)Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. 把英语作为第二语言来学习可能是一个痛苦的经历。 (2020江苏卷任务型阅读)Preparing others for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke yourself whenshowing your sense of humor.在展示你的幽默感时，为别

42、人准备一个有趣的话题就像自己讲笑话一样好。Its a waste of time wandering around the street.在街上闲逛是浪费时间。功能动名词(短语)作主语表示经常、习惯性的动作谓语的数如果是一个动名词(短语)，谓语动词用单数；如果是两个或以上谓语动词用复数位置动名词(短语)可位于句首或句末。位于句末时常用it 作形式主语【点津】【即学即用】单句语法填空createsEatingare(1)Being liked _ (create) opportunities for learningand for new kinds of life experiences th

43、at help somebody gain anadvantage.(2)_ (eat) too many snacks leads to fatness andillness.(3)Walking and swimming _ (be) good for our health.2.Ill find a way to improve on my own so that I can makethe team next year.(教材 P14)我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。【剖析】 本句是由 so that 引导的目的状语从句。so that意为“目的是；结果”，既

44、可以引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，从句谓语常用 can, could, may, might, will, would 等情态动词；引导结果状语从句时，则通常没有情态动词。so that 表目的时可以和 in orderthat(以便，为了)互换。【典例】 (2020 江苏卷 单项填空)They decide to have moreworkers for the project so that it wont be delayed. 他们决定为这项工程增加工人，以免耽搁。(表目的)He always studied hard so that he made g

45、reat progress.他总是努力地学习，结果他取得了很大的进步。(表结果)【点津】(1)so that, in order that 与不定式 in order to, so as to 以及 todo 表示目的时，表达的意思一样。(2)so that/in order that 后需接句子。(3)so as to 不能位于句首； in order to 和 to do 的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首或句中。【即学即用】单句语法填空that(1)They stopped at Hangzhou in order _ they couldgo around West Lake.完成句子，每空

46、一词sothatshewillnot(2)我应该给妈妈打个电话，为的是她不会为我担心。I should give my mother a call _ _ _ _ _ concerned about me.be句式改写，每空一词sothatIcan(3)In order to speak English fluently ，I practise oral Englishwith my partner every day.(改为同义句)I practise oral English with my partner every day _ _ _ speak English fluently.3.

47、It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to beattracted to computer games and the online world.(教材 P18)你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引，这没有什么不正常。【剖析】 本句句式为“It is/was adj.( for sb.) to dosth.”，表示“(对于某人来说)做某事，是的”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语 to be attracted to computergames and the online world。【典例】(2020 江苏

48、卷 单项填空)It is not a problem whether wecan win the battle; its just a matter of time.我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。Its kind of you to do such a thing for me.I really appreciateyour help.你为我做这样的事真是太好了。非常感谢你的帮助。As a senior middle school student, its necessary for you tomaster a second language.作为一名高中生，掌握一门第二语言

49、是很有必要的。【注意】(1)在“Itsadj.of/for sb.to do sth.”句式中，当前面的形容词表示人的“性格特点或脾气秉性”时，用介词 of，除此之外用介词 for。(2)当 it 作形式主语时，真正的主语可以是不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句。常见的句型有：It is no use/good doing sth.做某事是没有用/好处的。It isadj./n.从句做某事是It is said/reported/believed that. 据说/据报道/人们认为【即学即用】单句语法填空It(1)_ suddenly occurred to me that the mess

50、age musthave been hidden.to bring(2)As a single mother, it was pretty hard for her _(bring) up the child on her own.完成句子，每空一词Itsstrangethat(3)真奇怪，他竟然没有得到主人的允许就拿走了这些书。_ _ _ he should have taken thebooks without the owners permission.(4)英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所接受，这是不争的事实。Itisafactthat_ _ _ _ _ Englishis bein

51、g accepted as an international language.【题目】假定你是李华。你校校报 English Garden 向你约稿。请结合下列提示，就你校新建的图书馆的相关情况给校长写一封信，并提出个人建议。1.优点：新建图书馆很漂亮；2.缺点：阅览室座位少；星期六、日不开放，无法知道有什么新书可看。注意：1.词数 80 左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear schoolmaster，Im writing to tell you all of us are glad to see our newly-builtlibrary open._Thats all.Thank you!Yours sincerely，Li Hua参考范文：Dear schoolmaster，Im writing to tell you all of us are glad to see our newly-builtlibrary open.It is so beautiful and well-equipped that we like tomake full use