【高考模拟】广东省湛江市普通高考测试（一）英语试题答案与祥细解析

1、试卷第 =page 28 28页，总 =sectionpages 29 29页试卷第 =page 29 29页，总 =sectionpages 29 29页广东省湛江市普通高考测试（一）英语试题一、阅读选择1. HGWells Short Story Competition 2020Thecompetition is open to anyone. Your story can be set anywhere, feature any characters, and be written in any style. This years theme is Vision. There are n

2、o entry fees for those aged 21 and under. Over 21s must pay an entry fee of10 or5 for those with student ID.There are two prizes:1,000 for writers aged 21 and under500for writers aged over 21NursinglnFocus Photo Contest 2020Thisyear were celebrating the Year of the Nurse. The aim of the NursingInFoc

3、us Photo Contest is to put the spotlight on the work of nurses around the world. The competition is open to anyone 18 years old or older. The competition is free to enter.Prizes:Overall Winner: 1,000CategoryWinners: 200Peoples Choice: $ 5002020Posterheroes ContestPosterheroes Contest is an internati

4、onal poster competition on social and environmental themes. This years theme is HUMANS AT WORK. The competition is free to enter.Thewinner will receive a cash prize of 2,500Rijksstudio Design Award 2020TheRijksmuseum in Amsterdam invites everyone to create their own masterpiece inspired by the Rijks

5、museums collection. Alf art forms are possible, such as photos, videos, animations, products, fashion, collages or poems. The competition is free to enter.Thewinner of the Rijksstudio Design Award will receive 7,500. （1）What is special about HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020?A.Its not open to ev

6、eryone.B.It limits stories to one style.C.It accepts stories of all themes.D.Its not free for all participants. （2）How much can the winner of 2020 Posterheroes Contest get as a prize?A.$ 1,000.B.$ 2,000.C.2,500.D.7,500. （3）Which competition may accept a poem?A.2020 Posterheroes Contest.B.Rijksstudio

7、 Design Award 2020.C.NursingInFocus Photo Contest 2020.D.HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020.2. Considered to be not only an outstanding businesswoman, but also a leader that all of us can learn from, Shazi Visram is a daughter of immigrants who took life-changing risks in order to create a better

8、 world for their children. For as long as she can remember, she has wanted to be a part of something bigger than herself. Ms. Visram has always sought to create abundance and pay it forward-the question was: how? Her journey took her to Columbia Business School, where she had an Aha! Moment while li

9、stening with a sympathetic ear to a friends concern about the difficulty of finding the time to make her own baby food, and the lack of healthy options in traditional baby food. In that moment, Happy Family was born.Ms.Visram made it her mission to create a progressive business that could positively

10、 affect the health of our children while giving back to those in need and also supporting sustainable(可持续的) agriculture. Under Ms. Visrams guidance, Happy Family has continued to grow, announcing a partnership with Groupe Danone, a global company whose mission is to bring health through food to peop

11、le everywhere. The partnership will raise the bar for childrens nutrition in the US, combining their shared devotion to social responsibility.Ms.Visrams accomplishments have earned her the respect and admiration of her peers and colleagues. Happy Family was recognized as one of the fastest growing c

12、ompanies in the country by Inc. Magazine.Inaddition to her MBA from Columbia Business School, Ms. Visram holds a BA in history from Columbia College. In addition, she works with the Network for Teaching Entrepreneurship as an instructor to young and ambitious entrepreneurs (企业家) from low-income comm

13、unities. （1）What can be inferred about Shazi Visram?A.She traveled a lot when she was young.B.She has been ambitious since an early age.C.She was born into a wealthy immigrant family.D.She took risks to create a better life for her family. （2）What gave Shazi Visram the inspiration for Happy Family?A

14、.The concern of a friend.B.Her journey to a big company.C.Her concern about poor children.D.The lack of traditional baby food. （3）Whats Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The nutrition levels of children.B.Shazi Visrams contributions to society.C.The importance of sustainable agriculture.D.Happy Familys par

15、tnership with Groupe Danone. （4）What is the best title for the text?A.A woman who is recognized for running a businessB.A woman who holds two degrees and instructs othersC.A woman who raises the bar for childrens nutritionD.A woman who creates abundance and pays it forward3. Anexhibition at the Harv

16、ard Museum of Natural History is around the theme of food plant disease, using early 20th-century glass models of rotting fruit.Known as Harvards Glass Flowers, the Ware Collection of Blaschka Glass Models of Plants consists of over 4,300 sculptures of plants and plant parts fashioned entirely in gl

17、ass by the German father-and-son artists Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka between 1887 and 1936. Harvard originally used the models as teaching tools, showing plants three-dimensional structure and color.TheFruits in Decay shows a collection of models of diseased, rotting, and withering(枯萎的) fruiting pla

18、nts. The rotting fruit series was intended specifically to educate the public about the danger of plant disease. These models were created by Rudolf, the younger Blaschka, in the early 20th century Harvard botanist Oakes Ames asked him to create these diseased fruit models. And he thought about thes

19、e as a way to look at what we now call food security-or insecurity.Though the models were made nearly a hundred years ago, the theme is as remarkable as ever. Most of the illnesses shown on Rudolf Blaschkas plant models still affect todays crops.Incertain ways, global agriculture is more likely to b

20、e harmed than it has ever been to disease threats(威胁), largely due to the widespread practice of planting one crop over large production areas. Less genetic diversity means that crops have less resistance to disease, says Sheng Yang He, a professor at Michigan State University.Climate change will ma

21、ke plants more vulnerable to disease because warming temperatures disable an important plant defense system against plant disease. Major crop loss from plant disease is already at a shocking 20 t0 40 percent. Food security threats from disease will almost certainly become more common so theres a lot

22、 to be done about convincing people of it. （1）What are shown on the exhibition?A.Models of diverse crops.B.Models of withering flowers.C.Models of rotting plant parts.D.Models of diseased fruiting plants. （2）By whom were the exhibits created?A.Oakes Ames.B.Sheng Yang He.C.Rudolf Blaschka.D.Leopold B

23、laschka. （3）Why is the exhibition meaningful?A.It convinces people of the food security threats.B.It reminds people of effects of global warming.C.It helps people understand the history of fruit planting.D.It provides people with knowledge of global agriculture. （4）What does the underlined word vuln

24、erable in the last paragraph mean?A.Weak and easily hurt.B.Resistant and protected.C.Defensive and hard to attack.D.Sensitive and completely destroyed.4. WhenBarzilay had a routine breast X-ray in her early 40s, the image showed a complex group of white spots in her breast tissue. The marks could be

25、 normal, or they could be cancerous-even the best doctors often struggle to tell the difference. Over the next two years Barzilay underwent a second X-ray, a MRI and a biopsy and she was finally diagnosed（诊断） with breast cancer in 2014.Barzilay was treated and made a good recovery. But she remained

26、terrified that the uncertainties of reading an X-ray could delay treatment so she made a career-changing decision.Acomputer scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Barzilay had never studied health before. Her research used machine-learning techniques for natural language processing. But

27、 she had been looking for a new line of research and decided to team up with radiologists (放射科医生) to develop machine-learning algorithms (算法) that use computers superior visual analysis to spot patterns in X-rays that the human eye might miss.Overthe next four years the team taught a computer progra

28、m to analyze X-rays from about 32,000 women and told it which women had been diagnosed with cancer within five years of the scan. They then tested the computers matching abilities in 3,800 more patients. Their resulting algorithm, published last May in Radiology, was significantly more accurate at p

29、redicting cancer than practices generally used in clinics. When Barzilays team ran the program on her own X-ray from 2012-one her doctor had cleared-the algorithm correctly predicted she was at a higher risk of developing breast cancer within five years than 98 percent of patients.AIapplications are

30、 entering clinics at a rapid rate, and physicians have met the technology with equal parts excitement about its potential to reduce their workload and fear about losing their jobs to machines. Algorithms also raise questions about how to regulate a machine that is constantly learning and changing an

31、d who is to blame if an algorithm gets a diagnosis wrong. Still, many physicians are excited about the promise of AI programs. （1）What advantage do Barzilays algorithms take of computers to predict cancer?A.Superior visual analysis.B.Timely risk warning settings.C.Natural-language processing techniq

32、ues.D.Large storage of radiological knowledge. （2）What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 4 refer to?A.Cancer.B.Research.C.The team.D.The program. （3）How do physicians react to AI applications in clinics?A.They doubt the accuracy of the applications.B.They have mixed feelings about the applica

33、tions.C.They promise to make the best of the applications.D.They expect to rapidly popularize the applications. （4）It can be inferred from the text thatA.Barzilay suffered from breast cancer for two years in her fortiesB.at first Barzilay didnt think X-ray was a reliable way of checking cancerC.with

34、 Barzilays algorithms her cancer could have been diagnosed earlierD.Barzilay failed to turn to the best doctors to have her breast checked二、七选五 The beginning of November means winter is well on its way. 【小题1】 Its great to stay indoors surrounded by people that make you happiest. Ive always felt home

35、s that have the warmest atmosphere are those that feel the most lived in. Here are my personal tips on how to feed that coziness（温馨）into your home this winter.It makes sense to fill your home with textured（有纹理的）decorations which feel warm and easy. You can throw a textured blanket on your couch or b

36、ed. Im also a huge fan of carpets on top of the wooden floors. Of course, carpets will help to physically warm your space by offering a cozy spot for your feet. 【小题2】Its also a good idea to display your creations and collections in your home. My wall was feeling bare one day, so I filled the space w

37、ith a simple wall hanging. 【小题3】 Simple, yes, and it makes me feel warm every time I see it. Do any of you have a love for windowsills（窗台）like I do? Make use of your windowsill by displaying decorations like feathers, candleholders, rocks. anything youve collected over the years.【小题4】 Theres a homey

38、 feeling that goes along with letting your bed stay unmade for the day, or slipping your shoes off in the middle of your bedroom. Leave your closet door half open; hang necklaces on your wall; leave your curtain over the top of a mirror instead of getting it neatly away. 【小题5】AA warm home usually fe

39、els casual.BI made it from a stick and some string.CIm proud of my gift for creating wonderful artworks.DAnd the addition can make a space feel warmer, just by looking at it.EIts a good habit to take time to get everything well organized at home.FTo me, theres nothing better than spending a cold eve

40、ning in a warm home.GIn a word, if you make your space feel lived in, youll enjoy living there all the more. 三、完形填空 Forest bathing is originally a Japanese practice, which is about soaking up(吸收) _with all your senses. It_ participants to get slowly and deliberately into nature. Guided forest-bathin

41、g sessions _ include deep breathing exercises, suggestions for aspects of nature to_, and invitations to share what youve noticed.Myfirst forest bathing _ was with a guide called Josh Heath. He _ a fistful of red-spruce tree needles, crushed(压碎)them between his bearlike hands and breathed deeply. I

42、_ his lead, rolled the _ between my hands, brought my hands to my _, and breathed in the smell. Then, Heath showed me how to do a fox walk, placing my foot down in a semicircular fashion. I struck the _ with my heel, then my big toe, followed by my little toe. We crept(悄悄缓慢行进)down the path, and he a

43、sked me to notice what was moving. I had to _ my skeptical inner words and concentrate on my _. When I did, I noticed the plants bowing and waving. I _a squirrel running across the path. As we approached the lake, I watched a dragonfly flying over the water. I realized that having something _ to loo

44、k for helps me focus and stay present.Heath _ he didnt think much of forest bathing at first. But he realized that whenever he felt_, he would go fishing or head out into the woods. He found that forest bathing encouraged more mindfulness.Thenext night I attempted forest bathing on my own. I went ba

45、ck to the lake, looked up, and saw the full brilliance of a starry sky undisturbed by artificial _. I lay down, listening to the wind and the waves. I caught sight of a shooting star _ behind the trees. It was a(n) _ natural display-and I _ understood the need to soak it up. （1）A.airB.natureC.spirit

46、D.water （2）A.forcesB.persuadesC.encouragesD.urges （3）A.typicallyB.barelyC.fortunatelyD.seriously （4）A.focus onB.deal withC.act onD.connect with （5）A.lessonB.demandC.intentionD.experience （6）A.discoveredB.tookC.noticedD.threw （7）A.expectedB.followedC.missedD.ignored （8）A.needlesB.branchesC.earthD.gra

47、ss （9）A.guideB.friendC.feetD.face （10）A.squirrelB.foxC.groundD.trunk （11）A.quietB.disturbC.absorbD.stress （12）A.feelingsB.sufferingsC.surroundingsD.greetings （13）A.preventedB.spottedC.fanciedD.heard （14）A.newB.attractiveC.strangeD.specific （15）A.believesB.regretsC.concludesD.admits （16）A.relievedB.b

48、adC.uninterestedD.inspired （17）A.intelligenceB.colorC.lightD.language （18）A.disappearingB.shiningC.hangingD.waving （19）A.promisingB.motivatingC.threateningD.astonishing （20）A.hardlyB.actuallyC.fullyD.basically四、用单词的适当形式完成短文 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chang Pengfei was quite 【小题1】 (excite) when

49、his Bluetooth microphone was voted one of the 12 most popular 【小题2】 (gift) on sale in Beijing in late December last year. The product 【小题3】 (combine) many Beijing symbols, from Peking Opera facial makeup to calligraphy(书法),can also be connected to a karaoke app and offer 【小题4】 (it) users entertainme

50、nt.The gifts include artworks, face masks, traditional Chinese liquor(酒) and cakes 【小题5】 a11 bear Beijing characteristics. The event【小题6】 (host) by the Beijing Municipal Culture and Tourism Bureau and received more than 1.58 million votes.Chang is planning to add more Beijing 【小题7】 (culture) symbols

51、 to future products. He believes the local touches applied to the Bluetooth microphone has promoted its 【小题8】 (appear), and other symbols of Beijing can be applied to more gifts in the capital.Wang Yue, a government official, hopes more designers will join the Beijing Gifts platform. “Theres still r

52、oom 【小题9】 online sales, and we hope that Beijing Gifts will become 【小题10】 calling card for Chinese and Beijing culture,” Wang says. 五、短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其

53、修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I was traveling by myself in Mumbai, India. I enjoyed the free of going anywhere as I liked. However, I was confused to seeing the many choices of restaurants. I could see French restaurants, Japanese restaurants, Mexican restaurants and so on. After trying aimless

54、for a few days, I began to miss Chinese food and went into Chinese restaurant. To my surprising, I found crowds of people in it. I havent expected Chinese food could be so popular in India. The food was not exactly like which I ate at home and it was familiar enough to be comforting. An Indian custo

55、mer share one table with me told me Chinese food is so popular that even restaurants serving for Indian food will usually include a Chinese section on the menu. But when he said, We dont even think its Chinese. Its very familiar and comforting.” I couldnt help feeling shocked. 六、提纲类作文 假定你是李华，你校英国留学生

56、、你的好友Jimmy对中国茶文化很感兴趣，你认为利用周末带他到当地茶叶市场去了解不同种类的中国茶对他很有意义。请你给他写一封邮件将你的想法告诉他，并征求他的意见。内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 简单介绍茶叶市场；3. 期待回复。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_ 参考答案与试题解析 广东省湛江市普通高考测试（一）英语试题一、阅读选择1.【答案】DCB【考点】应用文阅读【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一部分HG Wells Short Story Competition 2020中There are no entry fees for those aged2

57、1 and under. Over 21s must pay an entry fee of E 10 Or f 5 for those with student ID. 可知，此项比赛对21岁及21岁以下的参赛者不收费，对21岁以上的参赛者收费。由此可知，HG Wells Short Story Competition2020不是对所有参与者免费的。故选D.（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三部分2020 Posterheroes Contest最后The winner will receive a cash prize of E 2,500.可知，此项大赛获胜者将获得2500英镑的奖金。故选C.

58、（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四部分Rijksstudio Design Award 2020中All art forms are possible, such asphotos, videos, animations, products, fashion, collages or poems. 可知，所有的艺术形式都是可以的，比如照片、视频、动画、产品、时尚、拼贴画或诗歌。故选B.【解答】此题暂无解答2.【答案】BABD【考点】段落大意记叙文写作记叙文阅读人物故事故事类阅读记叙文语法填空记叙文七选五记叙文完形记叙文短文改错推理判断【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For as long

59、 as she can remember, she has wanted to be a part of something biggerthan herself. （从她记事起，她就想做超越自己能力范围外的事情。）”，由此以及下文的讲述可以推断出，Shazi Visram从小就胸怀大志。故选B.（2）细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Her journey took her to Columbia Business School, where she had an Aha! Momentwhile listening with a sympathetic ear to a friends conc

60、ern about the difficulty of finding the time to make her own baby food,and the lack of healthy options in traditional baby food. In that moment, Happy Family was born. 可知，一位朋友担心自己很难抽出时间做婴儿食品，而传统的婴儿食品又缺乏健康的选择。在那一刻，Happy Family 诞生了，可以可知，是朋友的担忧引发了她创建HappyFamily的想法。故选A.（3）主旨大意题。根据第二段Ms. Visram made it h