2022年四级预测试题一

1、原则时间40minutes自测用时_minutes Reading ComprehensionPart Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your ch

2、oices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Most Americans find

3、the idea of arranged marriages difficult to understand or accept. They believe that two people should marry for love, after a period of _36_ or courtships(求爱). During that period, the _37_ marriage partners are supposed to learn enough about each other to decide whether or not they will be able to b

4、uild a 38_ marriage. Today in America, it is common for people to live together as a way of _39_ for marriages. The idea of an arranged marriage seems very _40_ indeed.But arent all marriages arranged in one way or another? In the United States marriages are seldom _41_ arranged, but quite a lot of

5、informal arranging goes on before two people become husband and wife. People who get married are introduced to each other by friends. These friends have already decided that the two people are right for each other and arrange for them to meet. Because friends have such great influence, their _42_ of

6、 a dating partner is very important.Families also _43_ open and subtle pressures on their children to influence their _44_ of marriage partners. Parents often arrange dates for their own children. One parent often tells a friend about her beautiful daughter or handsome son. Also, parents can meet th

7、e perfect marriage prospect for their son or daughter through business relationships. Since parents often assist their children _45_, they feel that they have the right to help the bride and groom select where they will live, what type of furniture they will purchase, and what their lifestyle will b

8、e like.acceptance I) datingexert J) formallyprospective K) takedecisions L) choicesout-of-date M) successfulmanaging N) old-fashionedpreparing O) financiallyapproval Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains info

9、rmation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Great Australian FenceA) A war has b

10、een going on for almost a hundred years between the sheep farmers of Australia and the dingo, Australias wild dog. To protect their livelihood, the farmers build a wire fence, 3,307 miles of continuous wire mesh, reaching from the coast of South Australia all the way to the cotton fields of eastern

11、Queensland, just short of the Pacific Ocean.B) The Fence is Australias version of the Great Wall of China, but even longer, erected to keep out hostile invaders, in this case hordes of yellow dogs. The empire it preserves is that of the woolgrowers, sovereigns of the worlds second largest sheep floc

12、k, after Chinassome 123 million head, and keepers of a wool export business worth four billion dollars. Never mind that more and more peopleconservationists, politicians, taxpayers and animal loverssay that such a barrier would never be allowed today on ecological grounds. With sections of it almost

13、 a hundred years old, the dog fence has become, as conservationist Lindsay Fair weather ruefully admits, “an icon of Australian frontier ingenuity”.C) To appreciate this unusual outback monument and to meet the people whose livelihoods depend on it, I spent part of an Australian autumn traveling the

14、 wire. Its known by different names in different states: the Dog Fence in South Australia, the Border Fence in New South Wales and the Barrier Fence in Queensland. I would call it simply the Fence.D) For most of its extreme length, this epic fence winds like a river across a landscape that, unless a

15、 big rain has fallen, scarcely has rivers. The eccentric route, prescribed mostly by property lines, provides a sampler of outback topography (地形学): the Fence goes over sand dunes, past salt lakes, up and down rock-strewn hills, through dense bushes and across barren plains.E) The Fence stays away f

16、rom towns. Where it passes near a town, it has actually become a tourist attraction visited on bus tours. It marks the traditional dividing line between cattle and sheep. Inside, where the dingoes are legally classified as vermin (animals doing some damage), they are shot, poisoned and trapped. Shee

17、p and dingoes do not mix and the Fence sends that message mile after mile.F) What is this creature that by itself threatens an entire industry, inflicting several millions of dollars of damage a year despite the presence of the worlds most obsessive fence? Cousin to the coyote and the Jackal, descen

18、ded from the Asian wolf, Canis lupus dingo is an introduced species of wild dog. Skeletal remains indicate that the dingo was introduce to Australia more than 3,500 years ago probably with Asian seafarers who landed on the north coast. The adaptable dingo spread rapidly and in a short time became th

19、e top predator (肉食动物), killing off all its marsupial (有袋动物) competitors. The dingo looks like a small wolf with a long nose, short pointed ears and a bushy tail. Dingoes rarely bark; they yelp and howl. Standing about 22 inches at the shoulderslightly taller than a bush wolf the dingo is Australias

20、largest land predator.G) The woolgrowers war against dingoes, which is similar to the sheep ranchers rage against bush wolves in the U.S., started not long after the first European settlers disembarked (登陆) in 1788, bringing with them a cargo of sheep. Dingoes officially became outlaws in 1830 when

21、governments placed a bounty on their heads. Today bounties for problem dogs killing sheep inside the Fence can reach $500. As pioneers penetrated the interior with their flocks of sheep, fences replaced shepherds until, by the end of the 19th century, thousands of miles of barrier fencing crisscross

22、ed (纵横交错) the vast grazing lands.H）“The dingo started out as a quiet observer,” writes Roland Breckwoldt, in A Very Elegant Animal: The Dingo, “but soon came to represent everything that was dark and dangerous on the continent.” It is estimated that since sheep arrived in Australia, an educated gues

23、s puts the population at more than a million. Eventually government officials and grazers agreed that one well-maintained fence, placed on the outer rim of sheep country and paid for by taxes imposed on woolgrowers, should replace the maze of private netting. By 1960, three states joined their barri

24、ers to form a single dog fence.I) The intense private battles between woolgrowers and dingoes have usually served to define the Fence only in economic terms. It marks the difference between profit and loss. Yet the Fence casts a much broader ecological shadow for it has become a kind of terrestrial

25、dam, deflecting the flow of animals inside and out. The ecological side effects appear most vividly at Sturt National Park. In 1845, explorer Charles Sturt led an expedition through these parts on an unproductive search for an inland sea. For Sturt and other early explorers, it was a rare event to s

26、ee a kangaroo. Now they are ubiquitous (being present everywhere) for without a native predator the kangaroo population has exploded inside the Fence. Kangaroos are now cursed more than dingoes. They have become the rivals of sheep, competing for water and grass. In response state governments cull,

27、to kill animals to reduce their populations, more than three million kangaroos a year to keep Australias national symbol from overrunning the pastoral lands. Park officials, who recognize that the fence is to blame, respond to the excess of kangaroos by saying “The fence is there, we have to live wi

28、th it.”46. The fence has a peculiar route which provides a sampler of outback topography.47. The part of the fence that passes near a town attracts the tourists to visit by bus.48. Kangaroos are now cursed more than dingoes because they are competing against sheep for water and grass.49. The war bet

29、ween Australias sheep farmers and the dingo solved by a great wire fence.50. The Great Australian Fence in Australia is designed to prevent aggressive yellow dogs.51. The fence was called by different names: the Dog Fence in South Australia, the Border Fence and the Barrier Fence.52. Dingoes have va

30、nished in some parts of Australia.53. Both economic and ecological factors should be taken into account during evaluation of the Australian Great Fence.54. As Australias top predator, the dingo spread rapidly after they were introduced to Australia more than 3,500 years ago.55. Before the end of the

31、 19th century, Australias sheep were grazed by the shepherds.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark

32、 the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.There are few sadder sights than a pile of fan letter, lovingly decorated with glitter and felt-tip drawings, languishing (受苦) in a bin. The sparkly enve

33、lopes were addressed to Taylor Swift, a pop star much beloved by teenage and pre-teen girls. “Dear Taylor,” read one discarded message, “I love you so much! Youre the best! And youre really beautiful and cute! Im really enjoying your songs.” This, along with hundreds of other similar missives (信件) s

34、ent from around the world, was discovered in Nashville recycling disposal unit by a local woman. Swifts management was quick to reassure her legion of admirers that they had been thrown out accidentally. “Taylor gets thousands of fan letters every day and they are delivered to her management office,

35、” spokesperson Paula Erickson said in a statement. “After the letters are opened and read, they are recycled.”The response may come as a disappointment to any devotee who imagines, as they compose their letters that Swift makes time to view each one personally. Dealing with piles of fan mail is, how

36、ever, an administrative burden for most celebrities. The quantity involved can be staggering-at the height of his fame, Johnny Depp was said to receive up to 10,000 letters a week. While some celebrities do like to go through their mail personally-Fox always made an effort to read as many as possibl

37、e-the majority simply do not have time. But the fact of their correspondence is something most committed fans will not wish to dwell on, says Lynn Zubernis, an expert in the psychology of fandom at West Chester University. “Theres this little bit of every fan that thinks theirs will be the one that

38、stands out- its not an expectation, but a hope that theirs will be seen by the celebrity.” While the relationship between the fan and the celebrity may exist only in the mind of the former, it sterns from a deeply-rooted human need for community and belonging, Zubernis believes. As a result, even re

39、ceiving a mass-produced letter of acknowledgment and a photo stamped with a reproduced signature can be a powerful experience.“People have a tremendous need to connect with the person they are idolizing (偶像化),” she says. “They cant ring them up and say, Can we have coffee? Its not about the autograp

40、h (签名) Its about the moment of connection.”56. What is said about the letters to Taylor Swift in the passage? A. The letters in the bin were exaggerating. B. Some letters to Swift were thrown away unread. C. A woman discovered the letters and discarded them D. Poorly decorated letters were left unre

41、ad57. Swifts management claimed that . A. Swift couldnt read each one of the letters B. fans should stop sending letters to Swift C. they were quick in response to the incident D. they didnt intend to throw away the letters 58. According to the passage, most celebrities . A. are too busy to read fan

42、 mail B. are afraid of receiving fan mail C. try their best to read fan mail themselves. D. care about the fate of fan mail 59. In Zuberniss view, fans want their letters to be read because they . A. hope to show their hand drawings B. want the celebrities to see their talent C. desire to get connec

43、tion with the stars D. dream of getting a photo of the stars 60. What will fans cherish the most? A. The feeling of being related to their stars. B. The sense of being similar to their stars. C. The time spent with their stars. D. The autograph of their stars.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based

44、on the following passage.Facelift（紧肤术） followed by a week on a beach in Thailand? Hip surgery with a side of shopping in Singapore? Over the last 10 years, Asias rise on the medical tourism scene has been quick. Eastern nations dominate the global scene. Now Bali wants a slice of the action. The Ind

45、onesian island recently opened its first facility specifically targeting medical tourists with packages and services, Bali International Medical Centre （BIMC） Nusa Dua. BIMC already has an international hospital in Kuta, which opened in 1998. The new internationally managed facility offers surgical

46、and non-surgical cosmetic procedures and dental care. Unlike most of the regions hospitals, BIMC is designed to feel more like a spa or resort than a medical facility. The 50-bed hospital has a 24-hour medical emergency entrance and hotel-like lobby at the front of the building servicing the hospita

47、ls medical and dental centers. If youre a celebrity who doesnt want everyone to know youre popping by for a bit of lipo（吸脂术）, no worries. Theres private entrance that leads to the CosMedic Centre, which offers views of a golf course. BIMC has even teamed up with the nearby Courtyard by Marriott Bali

48、, which provides specific after-care services like tailor-made meals and wellness programs for patients. “Latest technology and cool interiors are a star, but breaking into a regional industry that already has some of the worlds top international hospital will be tough.” says Joesf Woodman, CEO of U.S-based medical travel consumer guide Patients Beyond Borders (PBB). “As a newcomer, Bali faces stiff competition from nearby interna