电气技术英语释读课件汇总整本书电子教案全套课件完整版ppt最新教学教程

1、电气技术英语释读 Unit1: Electrical Circuitry1. What are the three basic properties used in electrical circuits?RResistance-That characteristic of a medium opposes the flow of electrical current through itself.CLCapacitance-The property of a component is to oppose any change in voltage across its terminals,

2、by storing and releasing energy in an internal electric field.Inductance-The property of a component is to oppose any change in current through itself, by storing and releasing energy in a magnetic field surrounding itself.As you might expect, components whose main property is resistance are called

3、resistors；those that exhibit capacitance are called capacitors, and the ones that primarily have inductance are called inductors。 Resistor-As you could probably guess from the name, a resistor increases the resistance of circuit. The main purpose of this is to reduce the flow of electricity in a cir

4、cuit. Resistors come in all different shapes and sizes.Adjustable resistors Color ring resistorsCement resistor Piezo-resistorThermistorPhoto resistorCapacitor-A capacitor is a component made from two (or two sets of) conductive plates with an insulator between them. The insulator prevents the plate

5、s from touching. The strength of a capacitor is called capacitance and is measured in farads (F).Electrolytic capacitorCircuit boardInductor-An inductor is essentially a coil of wire. When current flows through an inductor, a magnetic field is created, and the inductor will store this magnetic energ

6、y until it is released. In some ways, an inductor is the opposite of a capacitor. 2. What does a basic type f of electric circuit consist of?(1) Source- The source can be any source of electrical energy. In practice, there are three general possibilities: it can be a battery, an electrical generator

7、, or some sort of electronic power supply.Batteries an electrical generator DC regulated power supplyLoad-The load is any device or circuit powered by electricity. It can be as simple as a light bulb or as complex as a modern high-speed computer.a light bulbindustrial control equipment a modern high

8、-speed computer3. What are the physical characteristics of the circuit?-The electricity provided by the source has two basic characteristics, called voltage and current. Voltage-The electrical pressure, that causes free electrons to travel through an electrical circuit, is known as electromotive for

9、ce (EMF). It is measured in volts by voltmeter(2) Current- The amount of electrical charge (the number of free electrons) moving past a given point in an electrical circuit per unit of time is called current. Current is measured in amperes by ammeter.(2) Resistance- The load, in turn, has a characte

10、ristic called resistance. The characteristic of a medium opposes the flow of electrical current through itself. Resistance is measured in ohms by ohmmeter OhmmeterMultimeter4.Attention in the use of Electrolytic Capacitor (1) DC Electrolytic capacitors, it can be used on DC circuit only. its polarit

11、y is marked with + and - or - only, it is indicated on proper position or aside of lead wire/terminal.+-CElectrolytic capacitors(2) Do not allow excessive ripple current to pass. Use the electrolytic capacitor at current values within the permissible ripple range.excessive ripple current 过度纹波电流curre

12、nt values 电流值permissible ripple range允许的纹波范围(3) Applied working voltage to capacitor which do not exceed the rated working voltage of capacitor. rated working voltage 额定工作电压(4) When soldering the electrolytic capacitor, the soldering time should never be permitted over 10 seconds, and for 260C of th

13、e soldering temperature.随堂练习1. Fill in the blanks with the information in the reading material.(1) Components whose main property is resistance are called ；those that exhibit capacitance are called ; and the ones that primarily have inductance are called .(2) The electricity provided by the source h

14、as two basic characteristics, called and .(3) Electromotive force (EMF) is measured in ; current is measured in ;resistance is measured in .2. Find the right description and connect to it. ammeter voltmeter electric iron multimeterThank you for your attention !电气技术英语释读 Unit 2 Electronics引入电子电路的应用引入电

15、子电路的应用1. Can you say something about electronics?The worlds reliance on electronics is so great that commentators claim people live in an “electronic age”. 世界对电子的依赖如此之大，以至于评论家们声称人们生活在一个“电子时代”中。人们被电子电视、收音机、计算机和DVD播放器所包围，以及具有主要电气部件的产品，例如微波炉、冰箱和其它厨房电器，以及助听器和医疗器械。People are surrounded by electronics-tel

16、evisions, radios, computers, and DVD players, along with products with major electric components, such as microwave ovens, refrigerators, and other kitchen appliances, as well as hearing aids and medical instruments.Manydifferentmethodsofconnectingcomponentshavebeenusedovertheyears. 多年来使用了许多不同的连接电子元

17、件的方法。例如，早期的电子产品通常使用点对点布线，并将部件连接在面包板上构造电路。还有积木式结构和钢丝包装。大多数现代电子产品使用印刷电路板 (由FR4制成)，以及集成电路。For instance, earlyelectronicsoftenusedpointtopointwiringwithcomponentsattached to, woodenbreadboardstoconstructcircuits. Cordwoodconstructionandwirewrapswere othermethodsused. Mostmoderndayelectronicsnowuseprinte

18、dcircuitboards (made ofFR4), andhighlyintegratedcircuits.wirewrapstoconstructcircuitswoodenbreadboardstoconstructcircuitscordwoodconstructionprintedcircuitboards2. Can you say difference between analog and digital electronics?Circuitsandcomponentscanbedividedintotwogroups: analoganddigital. Analogue

19、electronics areelectronicsystemswitha continuouslyvariablesignal, in contrast to digital electronics where signals usually take only two different levels.Aparticular devicemayconsistofcircuitrythathasoneortheotheroramix of thetwotypes.3. Can you say something about Analogue electronics?Thetermanalog

20、ue describes the proportional relationship betweenasignalandavoltage orcurrent thatrepresentsthesignal.term术语 analogue模拟proportional 比例Electronic Components with Analog Switch ICs (带模拟开关集成电路的电子元件) Analog switch ICs have slowly turned on designers for their efficiency and very popular feature. 模拟开关集成

21、电路因其效率和非常受欢迎的特性而慢慢地开拓了设计者的思路。ICA或集成电路具有两种方式：IC模拟开关集成电路在条件允许情况下，限制和断开电流。IC analog switch integrated circuit that electric current flows, if allowed, restricted and closed when opened.ICA or integrated circuits are broadly of two ways: The analog (or analog switch), also called the bilateral switch is

22、 an electronic component that behaves the same way as a relay, but has no moving parts. 模拟(或模拟开关)，也称为双边开关，是一种电子元件，其工作方式与继电器相同，但没有活动部件。，因为模拟开关IC广泛用于各种电子开关IC模拟部件中，所以被用于商业、工业、军事等等。模拟开关IC也用于模拟信号到数字控制接口。Analog switch ICs for commercial, industrial, as used for military purposes because they are widely us

23、ed in various electronic switches IC analog components. The IC switches are also used for analog signals to digital control interface.(2) Amplifiers(放大器)An amplifier can be considered as an electronic circuit with an input port to which a signal enters, and an output port from which an enlarged sign

24、al emerges.放大器可以被认为是具有输入端口的电子电路，信号进入输入端，输出端放大信号。power amplifier voltage amplifierMany kind of amplifying devices are available, and most are adaptable for use in control system. If the output of the amplifier delivers more power than is required at the input, the amplifier is generally classes as a

25、power amplifier. Another class of amplifier is the voltage amplifier.Amplifiers in electrical systems may be as simple as an electromagnetic relay or they may consist of electronic devices such as tubes, transistors, or magnetic circuits.a tube a transistor4. Can you say something about digitalelect

26、ronics?A digital circuit is often constructed from small electronic circuits called logic gates. Each logic gate represents a function of Boolean logic. A logic gate is an arrangement of electrically controlled switches.The output of a logic gate is an electrical flow or voltage that can, in turn, c

27、ontrol more logic gates.阅读并完成对比的英文描述If both inputs are connected to a low voltage (logic 0), current flows from the positive supply through the resistor and the two diodes in parallel back to ground. The output is held to the voltage drop across the conducting diodes, or at a low (logic 0) level.Log

28、ic AND gateIf one of the inputs is connected to a logic 1 high level, that diode is reverse-biased, but the other still conducts to ground, keeping the output at a low level. If both inputs are connected to a high level, both diodes are reverse-biased and the output rises to the positive supply leve

29、l, or logic 1.利用超星学习通平台，完成随堂练习。Thank you for your attention !电气技术英语释读 Unit3： Electric Motors一、引入生活中的电机的应用单相交流电动机Unit3： Electric Motors一、引入生活中的电机的应用直流电动机Unit3： Electric Motors一、引入生活中的电机的应用三相异步电动机Unit3： Electric Motors一、引入生活中的电机的应用特种电机二、掌握各种电机的英文名称异步电动机asynchronous motor二、掌握各种电机的英文名称gear-box motor变速箱电

30、机二、掌握各种电机的英文名称 stepper motor步进电机二、掌握各种电机的英文名称servomotor 伺服电机三、掌握电机的相关知识Each type of motor has its particular field of usefulness. Because of its simplicity, economy and durability, the induction motor widely used for industrial purposes than any other type of ac motor, especially if a high-speed dri

31、ve is desired. simplicity简单 economy经济Durability持久性a high-speed drive高速驱动 If AC power is available, all drives requiring constant speed should use squirrel-cage induction or synchronous motors because of their ruggedness and lower cost.constant speed 恒定的速度 squirrel-cage induction 鼠笼式感应电动机 ruggedness

32、耐久性 坚固性synchronous motors 同步电动机三、掌握电机的相关知识If there are machine tools or other machines requiring adjustable speed or a wide range of speed control, it will probably be desirable to install DC motors on such machines and supply them from the AC system by motor-generator sets or electric rectifiers.ma

33、chine tools机床 adjustable speed可调节的 速度 electric rectifiers电子整流器motor-generator sets 电动机发电机组三、掌握电机的相关知识四、掌握直流电机的速度控制Speed Control of DC Motor四、掌握直流电机的速度控制Speed Control of DC MotorA regulator system is one which normally provides output power in its steady-state operation.A regulator system调节系统 output

34、power输出功率 steady-state稳定的五、掌握交流电机的频率控制Frequency Control of AC MotorTerms(术语)Converter:转换器 An operative unit for electronic power conversion comprising one or more valve devices (power semiconductors, for example).一种包括一个或多个阀门装置(例如功率半导体)的用于电能转换的工作元件。四、掌握直流电机的速度控制Speed Control of DC MotorElectrical Bra

35、king电气制动 Regenerative braking回馈制动Eddy current braking涡流制动 Dynamic braking能耗制动Reverse current braking (plugging) 反接(向)制动五、掌握交流电机的频率控制Frequency Control of AC MotorTerms(术语)(3) Rectifier:整流器A converter for conversion from AC to DC.一种将交流转换成直流的转换器。五、掌握交流电机的频率控制Frequency Control of AC MotorTerms(术语) (4)In

36、verter:逆变器 A converter for conversion from DC to AC.一种将直流转换成交流的转换器。五、掌握交流电机的频率控制Frequency Control of AC MotorTerms(术语)(2)Self-commutated converter:自整流转换器 A converter in which the commutation voltages are supplied by components within the converters.一种换向电压由转换器内部元件提供的转换器。五、掌握交流电机的频率控制Frequency Control

37、 of AC MotorTerms(术语)(5)Indirect AC converter:间接交流转换器A converter comprising a rectifier and an inverter with a DC link. 一种包括一个整流器和一个逆变器直流环的转换器。Conversion functions of adjustable-frequency controllers applied to AC motorsAnalyze the following sentencesIEC =International Electrotechnical Commission 国际

38、电工技术委员会International Electrochemical Commission 国际电化学委员会；International Electric Corporation 国际电气公司 美；IEEE = Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers 电气和电子工程师学会美National Electric Motor Association 全国电动机协会美；To form the DC link, the incoming AC voltage must somehow be changed to a DC voltage,

39、after which the DC is changed back to AC for applying to the AC motor.The input uses six semiconductors to provide the DC, and the output uses six semiconductors to provide the adjustable frequency.If the input box were to use thyristors instead of diodes, they can be controlled to provide adjustabl

40、e DC 1ink voltage.六、总结整理本次课程有关电动机的常用词汇(1)各种类型的电动机名称(2)电动机几种电气制动方法的描述(3)交流电动机频率控制中提到的几个术语的名称Thank you for your attention !电气技术英语释读 Unit4： Electric control system一、以电机拖动控制课程所学专业知识引入Unit4： Electric control system一、以电机拖动控制课程所学专业知识引入二、掌握各种电气设备及电气控制系统的英文名称(1) Switches (开关)A switch is a device that either

41、opens or closes a circuit.There are numerous types and styles of switches, they can be classified into the following categories:不带锁开关 带锁开关常开开关 常闭开关 多掷开关 多极开关Typical switches used in the control circuit include:Selector switches 选择开关 Push-button switches按钮开关急停按钮Limit switches限位开关 Cross-switch switche

42、s十字开关 Thumbwheel switches 拨轮开关 Air switch空气开关Button box按钮盒 Slide switches档位开关2. Relay (继电器)A switch whose operation is activated by an electromagnet is called a relay. 由电磁控制操作的开关称为继电器。The contact and symbology for relays is usually the same as switch. 继电器的触点和符号通常与开关相同。A small current passes through

43、the magnet causing the pole to switch. 小电流通过铁磁线圈使触点产生开关动作。Usually the magnet is rated between 3 to 100 volts and a few hundred milliamps. 通常电磁线圈的工作电压在3100V，电流在几百毫安Milliamps 毫安Therefore, it is operated at very low power (current and voltage). 因此，继电器可以在非常低的功率（电流和电压）下来进行操作。A circuit carrying a much hea

44、vier rating can be switched using a relay, however, the two circuits are totally separated.功率较大的主电路可使用继电器来控制。两种电路是完全分开的。When a relay operates, the contacts all open or lose instantaneously. 当继电器工作时，其触点可瞬间开或关There may be a delay of several milliseconds between the operation of two contacts of the sam

45、e relay.同一继电器的两个触点动作之间有几毫秒的延时误差。In the design of a relay circuit, this delay must always be taken into account.继电器的电路设计中，必须考虑这种延时因素。3. Other types of low-voltage electrical equipmentTime-delay relay(时间继电器)Thermal relay(热继电器) Contactor(接触器) Fuses(熔断器)4. Electric control systemLetter symbolChinesename

46、English namefunctionQS空气开关automatic air-break switchTurn on or off the circuitFU熔断器fuseShort-circuit protectionKM接触器contactorTurn on or off the circuit frequentlyKT时间继电器Time-delay relayTo turn off or turn on the circuit of the output signal after a predetermined time.FR热继电器thermal relayOver-load pro

47、tectionSB按钮buttonFor operating a given command signalSQ行程开关travel switchLimit control5. Craneselectricalcontrolsystem(起重机电气控制系统)Thecranesteelstructureisresponsiblefortheload support; Thecraneisresponsibleforthemovementofthe Crane; Cranebodymovements, suchasstarting, running, reversingandstop allared

48、onebyelectricalorhydraulic controlsystem, inordertocranemovementssmooth,accurate, safeandreliableoperationisinseparablefrom theelectrictransmission, controlandprotection effectively. The electric equipment of the general bridge crane is mainly used for electric motors, braking electromagnets, contro

49、lling electrical appliances and protecting electricity device.The operating appliance is also called the control appliance, which includes the controller, the contactor, the control screen and the resistor. The protection of electric bridge crane protection appliance has the protection cabinet, the

50、control screen, the current relay, the travel limit of each institution position, emergency switch, various safety interlock switch and fuse etc.三、电气控制柜产品说明书的书写见手册 Thank you for your attention !电气技术英语释读 Unit5：Control system一、自动控制系统在各行各业的应用Advertising control systemSmart home control systemNeon light

51、 control system一、自动控制系统在各行各业的应用Logistics sorting automatic line物流分拣自动线手机壳自动生产线Automatic production line of mobile phone shellAutomobile automatic production lineAutomatic production line for packing moon cake汽车生产线月饼包装自动生产线1. Can you list some control devices used in automatic system?Mechanical contr

52、ol devices机械控制装置Mechanical control includes cams and governors. Although they have been used for the control of very complex machines, to be cost effectively, today they are used for simple and fixed-cycle task control. Some automated machines, such as screw machines, still use cam-based control. Me

53、chanical control is difficult to machines and is subject to wear.cam 凸轮governor节速器，调节器complex 复杂的effectively 有效地 fixed-cycle 固定循环screw machines螺旋机wear耐用、磨损Pneumatic control devices气动控制装置Pneumatic control is still very popular for certain applications. It uses compressed air, valves, and switches to

54、construct simple control logic, but is relatively slow. Because standard components are used to construct the logic, it is easier to build than a mechanical control. Pneumatic control parts are subject to wear.popular流行的，大众化的；民众的，certain applications某些应用compressed air压缩空气valve阀；真空管relatively slow相对缓

55、慢standard components标准件Electronic control电子控制An electromechanical control uses switches, relays, timers, counter, and so on, to construct logic. Because electric current is used, it is faster and more flexible. The controllers using electromechanical control are called relay devices.flexible灵活的；易弯曲的

56、；柔韧的；易被说服的electromechanical电动机械的，机电的，电机的Electric control is similar to electromechanical control, except that the moving mechanical components in an electromechanical control device are replaced by electronic switches, which works faster and is more reliable.Electric control 电气控制 Computer control de

57、vicesProgrammable logic control (PLC)Computer control is the most versatile control system. The logic of the control is programmed into the computer memory using software. It not only can be for machine and manufacturing system control, but also for data communication. Very complex strategies with e

58、xtensive computations can be programmed.versatile(指工具、机器等）多用途的；多功能的manufacturing制造业，工业strategy策略；战略；战略学；对策extensive大量 computation计算，估计二、了解自动控制的技术发展。Automatic control has played a vital role in advancement of engineering and science. In addition to its extreme importance in space-vehicle, missile-gui

59、dance, and aircraft-piloting systems, etc, automatic control has become an importance and integral part of modern manufacturing and industrial processes.vital role 至关重要In addition to adv.除之外extreme极端的，过激的；极限的，非常的；末端的；space-vehicle太空飞行器missile-guidance导弹制导aircraft-piloting systems飞机驾驶系统automatic cont

60、rol is essential in such industrial operations as controlling pressure, temperature, humidity, viscosity, and flow in the process industries, tooling, handing, and assembling mechanical parts in the manufacturing industries, among many others.essential基本的；必要的；viscosity黏性；粘质；粘性Since advance in the th