高考直通车【金版学案】高考英语总复习语法专题第十一讲复合句课件

1、第十一讲 复合句语法专题复习一、名词性从句考点透析1that无词义，在从句中不作成分。当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，that不能省。例如：(1)That he will refuse the offer is impossible.(2)It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.2whether，if都可引导名词性从句，但需注意下列几点： (1)在句首引导主语从句时，只能用whether。Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(2)if不能引

2、导表语从句。What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.(3)if不能引导介词后的宾语从句。Everything depends on whether we can make a plan that they will agree to.(4)如果宾语从句是否定句时，只能用if。I asked Pave if he hadnt decided what he would say at the meeting.(5)discuss后的宾语从句只能用whe

3、ther引导。doubt作“怀疑”解、后接宾语从句时，如果主句是肯定的，宾语从句用whether或if引导，如果主句是否定的，宾语从句只能用that引导。例如：(1)We discussed whether the medicine will cause side effect.(2)I doubt whether/if he is fit for his office.(3)I dont doubt that he can do it very well.3wh词既有词义(该词基本的词汇意义)，又在名词性从句中充当成分。因此，在选择wh词时，既要考虑该词的基本意义，又要考虑它在从句中的作用。

4、例如：(1)I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that why you had a few days off?(why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语)(2)It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.(whatever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作wants的宾语)(3)A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.(what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语)(4)

5、What caused the accident is still a complete mystery.(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)4do you think，do you suppose，do you believe等后接疑问词连接的宾语从句时，疑问词应移至句首，从句用陈述句语序。Since you have seen both fighters，who do you think will win? 5I think，I suppose，I believe等后接否定句作宾语从句时，要把否定转移到主句。I dont think you are right.(不能说：I thin

6、k you are not right.)二、定语从句考点透析1注意关系代词that的用法，例如：(1)All that can be done has been done.(2)I have read all the books that you gave me.(3)Beihai Park is one of the most beautiful parks that was built about 200 years ago.2关于“介词关系代词”。能做介词宾语的关系代词只有whom 和which，先行词指人时用whom，先行词指物时用which。介词的选定有两个原则，一是看从句中的动词

7、和哪个介词可构成固定搭配，二是看句中需用哪个介词句意才符合逻辑。例如：(1)In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30，by which many people have got home. (根据句意，用by which，意为“到这个时候”)(2)In the dark street，there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.(turn to help是固定搭配)3当先行词是表示时间、地点的名词时，不能草率地认为定语从句就一定用when和wher

8、e引导，需弄清所缺的关系词在从句中的作用才能选择恰当的关系词。需要牢记的是：关系副词在定语从句中只能作状语，即使先行词是表示时间、地点的名词，但如果所缺关系词在从句中是作主语、宾语的话，仍然应用关系代词which，that。例如：It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year，when for the first time their team won the World Cup.比较：This is the museum which/that we visited last year.(that/which是visite

9、d的宾语)This is the museum where my father used to work.(where是used to work的地点状语)Ill never forget the days when I studied in this university.(when是studied的时间状语)Ill never forget the days which we spent together. (which是spent的宾语)4是用关系代词还是用其他代词。如果两个分句中间用逗号隔开，要求考生在第二个分句填入一个代词的话，考生首先要弄清句子结构。第二分句前如有and，but，o

10、r，so等词，它就是并列分句，要用人称代词或指示代词。第二分句前如无and，but，or，so等词，它就是一个非限制性定语从句，因此应选用关系代词。例如：(1)Alice received an invitation from her boss，which came as a surprise.(2)Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder，but it didnt help.(3)I shall never forget the years when I lived in the country with the farm

11、ers，which has a great effect on me.5as，which引导的非限制性定语从句。as，which都可引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中都能作主语、宾语。但是，as除了引导定语从句外，还有“正如”、“像一样”的词汇意义，which没有这个意思。此外，在句首引导非限制性定语从句时， 只能用as。例如： As 宾语You主语can see， 谓语he is very successful as a writer.We collected money for these poor children， as 主语had been decided谓语at the meeting

12、.状语She always criticized Tom，which主语made谓语him宾语very unhappy.宾语补足语6如果先行词是way，可用that，in which引导定语从句，或不用关系代词。例如：I dont like the way that he spoke to me.I dont like the way in which he spoke to me.I dont like the way he spoke to me.三、 状语从句考点透析1when，while，as。 它们都引导时间状语从句，都可做“当时候”解。when意为“在时刻或时期”，它可指“时间点”

13、或“时间段”，除此之外，when还可作“既然”解释。as意为“一边一边”或“随着”，着重表示主句与从句的动作同时发生。while只指“时间段”，意为“在期间”，它所引导的从句的谓语只能是持续性动词。while还可用作并列连词，意为“而，但”，表对比转折。例如：(1)Im going to the post office.While you are there，can you get me some stamps?(2)They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldn

14、t.(3)As the day went on，the weather got worse.(4)The train had just started when we arrived at the station.(5)Why do you want a new job when youve got a good one already?2the moment，the second，the minute，as soon as，directly，immediately都是“一就”的意思。the first time，the last time作连词时，意为“当第一次的时候”、“当最后一次的时候”

15、。no sooner.than，hardly.when，scarcely.when也是“一就”之意，但它们有时态限制，前面部分用过去完成时，后面用一般过去式。如果no sooner，hardly，scarcely在句首，句子要用倒装语序。(请参阅“倒装”)例如：(1)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? gave it to her the moment I saw her.(2)I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.3before的惯用句型。It be

16、timebefore.要过多久才It benottime before.不要多久就当before引导的从句着重强调从句动作来不及发生时，全句译为“来不及就”或“不等就”。(1)It was not long before I forgot it all.没过多久我就把这事全忘了。(2)The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.4注意because，as，since，for的区别。5where引导定语从句时，需跟在一个表示地点的名词后；引导地点状语从句时，跟在一个句子后，注意不要把它们混淆起来。

17、例如：(1)After the war，a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.(2)You should make it a rule to leave things where you can find them again.(3)After living in Paris for fifty years，he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.(1)、(2)中where引导的是地点状语从句，where前是一个句子。(

18、3)中的where前有地点名词 small town，是一个定语从句。6no matterwh与whever (无论，不管)。no matterwh只可引导让步状语从句，whever则既可引导让步状语从句，又能引导名词性从句。当whever引导让步状语从句时，可与no matterwh互换。例如：(1)Well have to finish the job，however long it takes.(however long it takes是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter how long it takes)(2)Whoever has helped to save the dr

19、owning girl is worth praising.(whoever引导主语从句，不能改成 no matter who)强化训练一名词性从句按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词。1(2012全国卷)It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.2(2012陕西卷)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.whicheverwhat3(2012山东卷)When y

20、ou are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _.4(2012山东卷)It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.5(2012重庆卷)Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problem likely to continue when they grow up.6(2012四川卷)Scientists study _ human

21、brains work to make computers.howwhoeverwhetherthat7(2012江西卷)It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.8(2012浙江卷)I made a promise to myself_ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.9(2012辽宁卷)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _h

22、e could find about Mark Twain.whateverthatthat10(2012北京卷)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.11(2012上海卷)There is much truth in the idea _kindness is usually served by frankness.12(2012上海卷)Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?No，_I am l

23、ooking for is something much bigger and stronger.thatthatwhat13(2012天津卷)It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.14(2012江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.15(2012安徽卷)The limits of a persons intelligence, general

24、ly speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.whetherwhetherthat强化训练二定语从句按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词。1(2012全国卷)That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.2(2012山东卷)Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been

25、made into television series.whichwhich3(2012重庆卷)Sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.4(2012四川卷)In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.5(2012江西卷)By 16：30, _was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.6(2012浙江卷)W

26、e live in an age _more information is available with greater ease than ever before.whichof whomwherewhen7(2012浙江卷)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.8(2012北京卷)When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was, he would forget all about eat

27、ing or sleeping.9(2012上海卷)Have you sent thankyou notes to the relatives from _ you received gifts?10(2012天津卷)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _help I would never have got this far.whosewhowhichwhom11(2012江苏卷)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean wate

28、r, medicine and shelter to survive.12(2012安徽卷)A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.13(2012湖南卷)Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be consid

29、ered.in whichwhoas14(2012福建卷)The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.15(2012陕西卷)It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.whichas强化训练三状语从句按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词。1(2012全国卷)I dont believe weve met before, _ I must

30、 say you do look familiar.2(2012陕西卷)Hot _ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.althoughas3(2012陕西卷)All the photographs in this book, _ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.4(2012山东卷)He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.5(2012山东卷)

31、A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.6(2012重庆卷)Coach, can I continue with the training?Sorry, you cant _ you havent recovered from the knee injure.unlessaswherebecause7(2012四川卷)At school, some students are active _ some are shy, yet they can be good friends

32、 with one another.8(2012四川卷)If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd better stay _ you are and wait for help.9(2012浙江卷)Mike was usually so careful, _ this time he made a small mistake.10(2012全国卷)This restaurant wasnt half as good _ that other restaurant we went to.whilewhereyetas11(2012全国卷)I had

33、hardly got to the office _ my wife phone me to go back home at once.12(2012上海卷)I have a tight budget for the trip, so Im not going to fly _the airlines lower ticket prices.13(2012上海卷)The map is one of the best tools a man has _he goes to a new place.whenunlesswhenever14(2012天津卷)Everything was placed

34、 exactly _he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.15(2012湖南卷)_ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.Whilewhere专题训练广东各地市历年模拟题演练按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词。1The cat wondered how he would get across _ he was afraid of water.2_the lazy pig reached the finish line in 12th place the race was over and he was awarded the final place on the calendar.because/asWhen/After3From that day on，the cat, _never finished and lost his place on the calendar, became the enemy of the rat.4I followed her into her ki