非谓语（doing,done）课件-高三英语一轮复习

1、非谓语动词动名词（Ing）分词（Ing done）动名词：（一）动名词的作用作主语、宾语、表语、定语（二）动名词的逻辑主语形容词性物主代词（his, my, their等）和名词所有格（Johns）（三）动名词的时态语态主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done（一）动名词的作用动名词作主语（1）位于句首作主语Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of my emotions.（2）位于句末作主语固定句型：It is no good/no use d

2、oing sth. “做某事没用”Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收It is a waste of time doing sth. “做某事浪费时间”It is a waste of time talking to him. There is no point/use/good (in) doing sth.“做某事没必要/没意义”There is no point in arguing with him.There is no doing sth. 相当于it is impossible to do sth “不可能做某事”There is no

3、 knowing the future.It is impossible to know the futureThere is no denying the fact that ，there is no gainsaying the fact that“毋庸置疑”2. 动名词作宾语（1）在一些动词后面作宾语admit, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider, contemplate, delay, deny, detest, dislike, encourage, endure, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, favor,

4、 feel like, finish, forbid, forgive, give up, cant help, imagine, involve, leave off, mention, mind, permit, postpone, practice, prohibit, put off, resent, resist, risk, sugget等（2）介词后作宾语look forward to, object to, be/get used to, prefer doing to doing, in addition to, be accustomed to, amount to, ta

5、ke to doing （开始喜欢做某事）, be devoted to, be dedicated to, be averse to（反对做某事）, be opposed to, get round to doing(抽出时间做某事；开始考虑做某事), the alternative/ approach/ solution/key to doing sth.（3）固定句型“做某事有困难/开心”：have difficulty/ trouble/ problems/ fun/pleasure/ a hard time/ a good time/ a difficult time (in) do

6、ing sth.“情不自禁/不得不做”：cant help doing sth, cant resist doing sth, cant keep from doing sth, cant hold back from doing sth, cant keep back from doing sth.“值得做”：be worth sth/doing sth-be worthy to be done/ of being done3. 动名词作表语动名词主要用于be动词之后，补充说明句子主语的具体内容。His hobby is collecting stamps. 4. 动名词作定语动名词主要用于

7、被修饰的名词之前，表示该名词的用途。A reading room 阅读室A reading girl: a girl who is reading （现在分词作定语）A swimming pool 游泳池A sleeping car 卧铺车（二）动名词的逻辑主语在动名词前加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。如：My, her, his; my sisters, Marys, womensHe insisted on reading the letter.He insisted on my reading the letter.He insisted on Johns reading the let

8、ter.动名词作主语时，一般用所有格形式动名词作宾语时，可以用所有格，也可以普通格当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的物；是不定代词 someone, anyone, everyone等；逻辑主语较长时；最好使用普通格。Toms refusing to accept the invitation upset me. Do you mind me/my making a suggestion? The noise of the desks being opened and closed can be heard out in the street.He was awakened by someone k

9、nocking on the door.（三）动名词的时态语态被动I still remember being taken to the zoo for the first time.There is a necessity for this type of house _(build) being built注：主动表被动的情况在need, require, want, deserve等动词后面，动名词的主动可表被动、Sth need doing=need to be done The garden needs watering.The garden needs to be watered.

10、This student deserves praising.This student deserves to be praised.翻译：牛排需要再煎一下。The steak needs cooking more.这个罪犯活该被枪毙。The criminal deserves shooting.2. 完成式一般指，动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，尤其是当动名词的动作是在谓语之前的一段较长时间内持续的情况。主动：having doneThe man confessed to having told a lie to the manager of the company. 被动：having b

11、een doneI appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad 2 years ago.用括号中动词的适当形式填空。I am angry at him for _(not, tell) me the truth. not having toldThe text needs _(explain) once again. explainingI strongly object to _( treat ) like a child. being treatedYou must tell me the truth. I insist

12、on _( tell) the truth. being toldThere be 的不定式和动名词形式There be的动名词形式：there being 意思为“有”，多用于介词之后。He spoke of there being danger.No one would have dreamed of there being such a good place.2. There be的不定式形式：there to be用在接不定式作宾语的动词之后或介词for 之后。I dont want there to be any misunderstandings on this point.The

13、 students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exam.For there to be life, there must be air and water.It was too late for there to be any buses.分词-现在分词和过去分词（一）分词的作用作状语、定语、补足语（二）分词的时态语态（一）分词的作用1. 分词作状语 （1）单独的分词Looking out of the window, I saw lots of people on the street.When

14、using the computer, you must remember the password.Given more time, I would be able to complete it.注意：主语和分词的逻辑主语需要一致（2）独立主格结构：N+分词All the money having been spent, we started looking for work.（3）with +N +分词The old man often takes a walk after supper with his dog following him.（4）固定结构副词+speaking：gener

15、ally(strictly, broadenly) speaking分词+介词：judging from, talking of, allowing for, taking sth into consideration分词+（that）从句：seeing that, considering that, supposing that, granting that, allowing that“（名词）+分词”作状语的意义1. 表条件It is no exaggeration to say, “United we stand; divided we fall”.2. 表时间Having water

16、ed the garden, he began to mow the lawn.3. 表原因It being so nice a day, lets go out for a walk.4. 表让步Mocked at by everybody, he had my sympathy.Mock at sb 嘲笑某人5. 表结果一般位于句末He fired, killing one of the bandits（土匪，强盗）.6. 表方式Smiling, he answered.7. 表补充或伴随Sue marched into Johnsys room with her drawing boar

17、d, whistling a merry tune.“With +名词短语+分词”作状语的意义1. 表伴随状况、补充说明、具体举例Mobile phones have broken many social taboos, with people answering calls in the middle of a conversation or chatting away on the toilet.2. 表示原因Good timekeeping is becoming a forgotten social etiquette, with a new generation considerin

18、g lateness the norm rather than a faux pas that should be avoided. 分词短语作状语时可以保留相应的连词Once deprived of oxygen, the brain dies.Be careful while crossing the road.Although exhuasted by the walk, he continued his journey.If seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.2.分词作

19、定语（1）前置定语-单个分词通常作前置定语现在分词：表主动、进行的动作The barking dog-the dog that is barkingFalling leaves- leaves that are falling表主动、一般的动作A room facing the south-a room that faces the southThe exploiting class- the class that expoits others剥削阶级过去分词：表被动一般或被动完成的动作The exploited class- the class that is exploited被剥削阶级B

20、oiled water-water that has been boiled表主动、完成的动作The sunken ship-the ship that has sunkenFallen leaves- leaves that have fallen（2）后置定语-分词短语Police （后置定语hunting the killer of a part-time police officer）（后置定语 stabbed outside her home in northwest London ）are seeking a man （后置定语wearing a hooded top（连帽上衣）

21、（后置定语seen running away from the scene.后置定语的三种被动结构：To be done 表将来Being done 表进行Done 表一般过去或完成Are you going to attend the meeting to be held next month?The question being discussed is important.Did you attend the meeting held last month in Shanghai?3. 分词作补语（1）在感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语You can see the vapor rising from the wet clothes when they are hung on the fire.I saw the passengers engulfed（吞没） in fire.The hall was too noisy for the speaker to make himself heard.（2）作补语的分词与不定式（不带to）的区别