初中英语情态动词复习课件

1、第 13 讲:情态动词之考点精讲情态动词有 can 能,may 可以 ,must 必需 ,have to 不得不 ,ought to 应该,dare 敢,used to 过去常常 ,had better 最好 ,would rather 宁愿 ；在确定句中它们后边都要接 动词原形；在否定句中, can,may,must 和 dare 后边加 not ；have to 和 ought to 分别在 have 和 ought 后加 not ；used to 的否定式可用 used not to,也可用 didnt use to ,但后者用得较多；had better 和 would rather

2、的否定式分别是 had better not 和would rather not；这些情态动词与现在完成时连用在某种意义上有肯定的虚拟性；I 确定句和否定句中的情态动词一、情态动词的现在式在确定句中的比较1. can 表示体力或脑力方面的“ 才能” 、能性”“ 技能” 或依据客观条件能做某种动作的“ 可1 Mild forms of execrise can some of the loss of flexibility that accompanies aging. A stop B to stop C stopping D be stopped 但表示人体力或智力的详细动作时须用 be a

3、ble to He was able to do that without any help.他不需要任何帮忙就能完成这项工作；2. may 表示“ 答应,可以” ,相当于 be allowed to 2 If there is social or political change in a region A where a standard language Bis spoken, local varieties C of the language may developing D . may 或 might 可和 as well 连用,表示“ 建议” ,译为“ 仍是 的为好”You may

4、 as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们仍是离那疯子远点为好；You might as well go home now. 你仍是现在回家为好；3. must 表示“ 必需” 或“ 应当” 、“ 肯定”3 The formation of snow must be occurring A slowly B , in calm air,and at a temperature near C the freezing point D . 4. have to 加动词原形,表示“ 不得不” ,“ 必需” ,它比 must 更强调客观

5、Tom had to work into the deep night everyday to earn a living. 汤姆为了生计每天都得工作到深夜；5. should 表示“ 劝说” ,“ 建议” 或“ 义务” 时,译作“ 应当” ,或表示“ 猜测” 和“ 可能”He should take care of his parents as they are old enough not to live on themselves. 由于父母亲老了,不能自理,他应当照料他们；He should be there now. 他可能到了；should have done 在虚拟语气中表示“

6、批判或懊悔”参见第三章第一节、二、2.；6. ought ,只有一种形式, 即 ought 后必需加 to ,然后跟接动词原形表示“ 有义务”或“ 必要” 做某事,译为“ 应当,应当”4 The traditional goal of science is to discover how things are,not how they ought . A to B to be C be D have been 5 You are quite right;I am inferring in my comments A that McGraw had not ought to B have bro

7、ken C in the room without his permission D . 7. dare 可以用作情态动词,后面跟不带 to 的动词不定式,这主要用于否定句中,它本身可有现在时第三人称单数,词尾加 s,它仍可以有 ING 分词形式 daring 和过去式及ED 分词形式 dared 6 Although Oriental ideas of womans subordination to man prevailed in those days,she meet with men on an equal basis. A did not dared B dared not C da

8、red not to D did dare not to 二、情态动词在一般时否定句中的用法cantcan not, cannot 表示“ 不行能”, may not 表示“ 不行以”, mustntmust not 表示“ 肯定不要” ,“ 不许可” ,neednt need not 表示“ 不必” ,dare not 动词原形 表示“ 不敢”He cant finish his essay by this time. 现在他不行能写完论文；He may not sleep now. 他或许现在没在睡觉；You mustnt criticize her in that way. 你不应那样批

9、判她；You neednt come tomorrow. 你明天没必要来了；He dared not meet his fianc e. 他不敢见女伴侣；三、例题解析1 正确答案为 A；由于情态动词 can 要求跟动词原形,所以 B 和 C 都不对, can 后虽 然有被动形式,但在意义上和语法上与横线后部分都无法连接,所以 D 也错；developing 是现在分词,明显 2 D 错；改为 develop；may 后要求跟动词原形,而 不符合要求,所以应改为 develop；3 A 错；改用 must occur,此处叙说的是客观现象,而非强调正在发生的事,故用一般现在时；4 B 为正确答案

10、；5 B 错；改为 ought not to；6 B 为正确答案；II 情态动词与完成时的使用 一、 must+have+ED 分词：用于确定句,表示对过去情形的一种确定估计,表示“ 肯 定,肯定”1 It around nine oclock when I drove back home because it was already dark. A had to be B must have been C was to be D must be 2 John s score on the test is the highest in the class; A he should study

11、last night B he should have studied last night C he must have studied last night D he must had to study last night 3 After searching A for evidence in the house,the police concluded Bthat the thief must have come in C through the window and stole Dthe silver while the family was asleep. 二、 may might

12、+have+ED分词：用于确定句和否定句,表示对已发生事情的不愿定的估计,相当于“ 可能,大致,” 其中 might 较 may 语气更弱,把握更小She might have gone to see her doctor last week, but I am not sure. 上星期或许她去看医生了,但我不敢确定；Don t worry , your husband may not have been hurt seriously. 别急,你丈夫或许伤得不厉害；三、 shouldought to+have+ED分词：确定句表示过去本应发生的事却没有发生；否定句表示已发生了本不该发生的事；

13、前者可译为“ 本应,” 后者为“ 本不该”You should have apologized to her for not soon replying to the letter. 你本应向她赔礼,说明为什么没能准时回信；可你没这么做 4 You yesterday if you were really serious about your work. A ought to come B ought to be coming C ought to have come D ought have come 四、 cannot +have+ED分词s a He is an hour late He

14、 can have been delayed by fog. Of course,thatpossibility.他迟到了 1 小时,可能由于大雾而耽搁了；当然这只是可能性问题；The poem can not have been written by her since she was only five years old then. 这诗不行能是她写的,由于她那时才 5 岁；五、“ could+have+ED分词” 有时用于表示过去的时间,说明某事可能或不行能已发生；有时可表示过去原来可以做某事,但却未做I simply cant understand how he could have

15、 made such a mistake. 我简直不明白他怎么会犯那样的错误；He walked there,but he could have taken a taxi. 出租；他走着去了,可当时完全可以坐“ couldn t+have+ED 分词” 仍表示无论如何也不行能或没有做到I couldn t have called you. I wasnt near a telephone. 反正我也不行能给你打电话,我邻近没有电话；5 “ We didnt see him at the lecture yesterday.” “He it. ”A mustn t attended B coul

16、dnt have attended C would have not attended D needn t have attended 六、needn t+have+ED 分词： 表示对过去不必做的事情却做了,可译为“ 其实不必”6 You all these parcels yourself.The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant. A didn t need to carry B needn t have carried C needn t carry D didn t need carry

17、七、 used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不存在,在否定陈述句中,一般用didnt use to,也可用 used not to；在疑问句中用“Did use to ” ； used to 仍可与never,often,always 等连用；留意 used to 与 be used to 的不同,后者表示 be accustomed to “ 习惯于某种状态” ,而且跟接名词或 ING 形式,而 used to 后接动词原形,试比较He used to drink. 表示“ 他过去常常喝酒” 而现在不喝了；He is used to wine He is used to drink

18、ing wine at each meal. 表示“ 他现在已养成习惯,每顿饭喝点葡萄酒；”八、 had better表示“ 最好 ” ,后接动词原形,其否定式为had better not动词原形You had better not follow his behavior. 你最好不要学他；九、 would rather 意思是“ 宁愿” ,表示挑选；它有两种用法,一是在确定句中后边直接跟动词原形,其否定句是在 would rather 后加 not, 即would rather not动词原形；二是它后边可以跟接从句,该从句的谓语动词用一般过去式表示虚拟语气；由于 would rather

19、 表示挑选,它后边可跟接 than She would rather sleep than talk rubbish. 她宁愿睡不愿闲聊；7 “ Did you criticize him for his mistakes.” “Yes,but it. ”A Id rather not do B Id rather not doing C Id rather not have done D Id rather not did 注would rather 和 had rather 都表示“ 宁愿” ,在用法上也没有区分；但假如说 would rather 与 had rather 完全一样 Lo

20、ngman Dictionary of Comtemporary English 如是说 ,这一说法有争议；其实 had rather 在现代标准英语中几乎已经不用了；这对我们考试来说是比较重要的,由于一般考题作为标准英语是不用 had rather 的；十、例题解析 1 B 为正确答案；2 C 为正确答案；3 D 错；改为 stolen ；这里 C 处和 D 处是并列的谓语, D 处相当于 must have stolen；4 C 为正确答案；5 B 为正确答案；6 B 为正确答案；7 C 为正确答案；第 13 讲:情态动词之真题演练 2022 河北省卷 31. 1 -Do we have

21、to finish our homework this afternoon. -Yes, you _. A. must B. can C. may D. need 【答案】 A （2022 湖南省娄底市5. 1 ） -Must I be in hospital for a week, Doctor. . -No,you _. You can go back home tomorrow. A.mustnt B.neednt C. must. 【答案】 B （2022 湖南省娄底市 7. 1 ） -What do you think of the cake. -I like it very muc

22、h. It tastes _. A.good B.terrible C. well 【答案】 A 2022 江苏省盐城市 3.1The desk is not dirty.You_clean it. A.mustnt B.shouldnt C.neednt D.cant 【答案】 C 2022 四川省内江市 23. 1-What is your mother going to do this Saturday. -Im not sure.She_go to see my grandmother. A.can B.must C.may 【答案】 C 31. 1 ） -May we leave t

23、he classroom now. （2022 四川省自贡市-No,you _.You_to leave until the bell rings. A.must;are allowed B.cant ,arent supposed C.neednt ;arent allowed 【答案】 C 2022 山东省潍坊市 20. 1The cookies_good .Could I have some more. A.taste B.smell C.feel D.sound 【答案】 A 2022 山东省潍坊市 23. 1-Is Jessica giving us a speech this ev

24、ening. -No,it_be her.She_to Japan. A.mustnt ;has gone B.mustnt ;has been C.cant ;has gone D.cant ;has been 【答案】 C （2022 江苏省南京市 6. 1 ）Its the library.So you_know shouting is not allowed here. A.can B.must C.need D.may 【答案】 B 2022 浙江省衢州市 18. 1- Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday. -Oh,

25、that _ good. A. feels B. looks C. tastes D. Sounds 【答案】 D 2022 浙江省衢州市 24. 1 Boys and girls . dont forget your report. It _ today . A. cant finish B. cant be finished C. should finish D. should be finished 【答案】 D 2022 江苏省无锡市 8. 1-Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. -No,he_,because he d

26、idnt know my address. A.couldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.may not 【答案】 A 2022 江苏省无锡市 9. 1Though his grandmother lives _,she never feels_. A.alone;alone B.lonely;lonely C.alone;lonely D.lonely;alone 【答案】 C 2022 江苏省宿迁市 9. 1This piece of music _ beautiful. A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells 【答案】 B 2022 年上海

27、市 36. 1Is this a photo of your danguter.She looks _in the pink dress. A.lovely B.quietly C.politely D.happily 【答案】 A 2022 年上海市 45. 1Everyone_go through the security check（安检） whe nentering the World Expo Park. A.can B.may C.must D.ought 【答案】 C 33 ,1 ）-Which T-shirt do you prefer. （2022 湖北省黄冈市-The re

28、d one .It_more comfortable. A.tastes B.smells C.feels D.sounds 【答案】 C 2022 湖南长沙 25. 1-Must I finish my homework at school. -_.You can do it at home and hand it in next week. A.Yes,you must B.No,you neednt C.Yes,I can 【答案】 B （2022 江苏省扬州市 11 ,1）-Must I mop up the follr now. -No,you_. A.neednt B.cant C

29、.shouldnt D.mustnt 【答案】 A （2022 四川省成都市 33. 1 ） -The lake is said to be dry.Is that ture. -It _.Look ,some kids are swimming in it. A.must be true B.cant be true C.may not be true 【答案】 B （2022 浙江省湖州市 19 ,1 ）-Is the man over there Mr. Brown. -It_be him.Hes much shorter. A.must B.cant C.neednt D.may 【答

30、案】 B （2022 山西省 26 ,1）_your American friend eat with chopsticks. -Yes, but he cant use them well. A. Can B.Should C. Must 【答案】 A （2022 湖北省武汉市 31 ,1 ）-Look at that girl. Is it Susan. -No, it _ be her. She has gone back to her hometown. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. wouldnt 【答案】 B （2022 河南省 34 ,1）-Its

31、 such a long way. What shall I do. -You_take my car if you want A will B must C may D shall 【答案】 C （2022 陕西省 26 ,1）-Must I finish my homework at school. -No,you_.You can do it at home. A.cant B.mustnt C.neednt D.wont 【答案】 C （2022 广西省梧州市 43 ,1 ）This is a secret between you and me.You_tell it to other

32、s. A.should B.mustnt C.can D.may 【答案】 B （2022 山东省聊城市 28 ,1 ）-Dean,I hear youve got a set of Canadian stamps._I have a look. -Of course .Ill fetch them for you. A.May B.Must C.Should D.Need 【答案】 A （2022 湖北省十堰市 29 ,1 ）-Wheres Jeff. -Im not sure. He _be playing football on the playground. A.need B.migh

33、t C.must D.can 【答案】 B （2022 广西省梧州市 39 ,1 ）Song Zuyings voice is very sweet and her songs_very beautiful. A.taste B.sound C.smell D.feel 【答案】 B （2022 新疆省阜康市 25 ,1 ）-The winner of the race is a tall and thin boy with glasses. -Then it_be my friend,Mike,who looks like very fat. A.might B.cant C.dont D.

34、should 【答案】 B （2022 山东省莱芜市 30 ,1 ）-Listen. Is it Linda singing in the next room. -No, it _ be her. She is still in Shanghai. A cant B couldnt Cmay not Dmight not 【答案】 A （2022 贵州省铜仁市 24 ,1 ）_This pair of shoes _ belong to Jack. He likes this kind very much. - It _ be his. Its too large for him. A. ca

35、n; cant B. may; neednt C. must; mustnt D. must; cant 【答案】 A 34 ,1 ）-Dad,must I do my homework now. （2022 福建省福州市-No.You_play games with your friends for a little while. A.would B.neednt D.may 【答案】 C （2022 湖北省黄石市 31 ,1 ） Teachers think students neednt do so much homework , but they _ mal students do a

36、 lot in the past. A. have to B. must C. had to D. Should 【答案】 C （2022 湖北省荆门市 29 ,1） You _ smoke. You are only 14 and it isnt allowed. A. mustnt B. dont have to C. neednt D. wont 【答案】 A （2022 湖北省荆门市 30 ,1 ）The skirt is made of silk. It _so soft, I like it. A. washes B. is washed C. is felt D. feels 【

37、答案】 D （2022 湖北省襄樊市 34 ,1 ）- Can I go to the movie , Mum . - Certaninly , But you _ be back by ten oclock . A. can B. may C. might D. must 【答案】 D （2022 黑龙江省鸡西市34 ,1）-Can I take the magazines out. No, sir. They _ out of the reading-room. Its a rule. A. neednt be taken B. cant take C. mustnt be taken 【

38、答案】 C （2022 广西省定西市 22 ,1）-Whos that man. Is he Mr. Brown. -That_be Mr. Brown. He never walks this way. A.cant B.mustnt C. must D.can 【答案】 A （2022 广西省定西市,四,-No ,you_. 1）-Must I leave the room now. A.neednt B. cant C.mustnt D.couldnt 【答案】 A （2022 广西省桂林市 34 ,1 ）- _ I use your ruler, Lingling. - Sure. H

39、ere you are. A. May B. Would C. Need D. Must 【答案】 A 2022 福建三明 26. 1-Whose jacket is it. -It_be Wu Leis .I saw him wear it just now. A.cant B.must C.may 【答案】 A （2022 广西南宁 33. 1 ）-Something _terrible.What goes bad in the kitchen. -The meat. A.looks B.tastes C.smells D.feels 【答案】 C （2022 四川达州 21.1 ） -M

40、ust I finish my homework right now. -No, you_. A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. cant 【答案】 A （2022 四川达州 25. 1 ）This kind of paper_soft. A. feels B. tastes C. smells D. sounds 【答案】 A （2022 天津市 44 ,1）-Can I wear any cothes I like to school. -No,you cant .You_wear a uniform. A.might B.must C.will D.would 【答案】 B （2022 青海省宁夏 22 ,1）-Must I do the work today. -No, you _. You may do it tomorrow. A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 【答案】 D （2022 辽宁省沈阳市9,1） Trees _ fight air pollutionThey are natural air conditionersA should B must C need D can 【答案】 D （2022 江苏省镇江市 3,1）They _ play football last