全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习(精华版)

1、全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习（精华版） 作者:日期:高中英语之“主谓一致”（*）主谓一致的概念。所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间，即（主语的人称和单复数形式）决定着（谓语动词对应的形式）。（一）主谓一致的种类一、【语法一致】and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候，谓语动词有以下两种情况：如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候，谓语动词用复数。Heandshebothstudentsofthisschool.他和她都是这个学校的学生。（2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物，或者指同一概念的时候，谓语要用单数。Thesingeranddancergoingtogiv

2、eusaperformance那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。Theknifeandforkonthetable.刀叉在桌子上。如果主语是不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句的时候，谓语动词一般用单数。Whenheiscomingseemsveryimportant.他什么时候要来看起来很重要。Collectingstampsishishobby.收集邮票是他的爱好。Toloveherisnottobreakherwings.爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。定语从句的关系代词who,which,that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。Thosewhoenjoysingingmay

3、joinus.Tom,whoisyourfriend,shouldhelpyouwith,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,but,including如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用，谓语动词的数v随主语的变化而变化。例如：Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,isplantingtreesinthestreet.老师和他的学生们正在街道上植树。二、意义一致原则指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。（有的主语名词在形式上是单数，但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数，但在意

4、义上却是单数。）不定代词all,more,some,any,none作主语，谓语动词视情况而定。Alloftheapplesrotten.所有的苹果都烂了。Alloftheapplerotten.整个苹果都烂了。Noneofthemoneyleft.没有剩下一点钱。Noneofthestudentsthere.没有学生在那里。therestof;halfof;partof;majorityof;percentof;onethirdof在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。Halfofthestudentsfinishedtheircomposition.一半的学生已经完

5、成了他们的作文。Halfoftheapplebad.一半的苹果坏了。About60percentofthestudentsinourschoolboys.我们学校，大约百分之六十的学生是男生.集合名词作主语，动词可用单数，也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时，动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group。Hisfamilygoingout.他们全家要外出。Hisfamilyallmusiclovers.他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。某些名词如people,police,catt

6、le等，形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。Thepolicearesearchingforathief.Thecattleareeatinggrassonthehill.复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词要用单数，如someonesomebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,eveiyhing,nobody,noone,nothingSomeoneisaskingforyou.有人找你。Nothingisfoundintheroom.在屋子里什么也没找到。一些有两个部分构成的名

7、词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如:glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主语用“akindof,apairof,aseriesof等力口名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Thepairofshoesiswornout.这双鞋破了。Theshoesarewornout.鞋子破了。7某些名词以s结尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等，谓语动词应用单数。Physicsisaveryinterestingsubject.物理是一门很有趣的学

8、科。如：不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。every.andevery；each.andeach；no.andno.在以上短语中and连接的单数名词,整个短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词常使用单数。Eachboyandeachgirlwantstogotothecinema.Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtoattend.Everyboyandeverygirlintheclassisdiligent.班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.听不到任何声音。以anumb

9、erof作主语时，谓语动词用复数；以thenumberof作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Anumberofnewbooksareonthedesk.Thenumberofstudentsinyouclassis50.有些名词的单数和复数形式一样,作主语的时候，其谓语动词由上下文决定，这一类名词有:means,works,deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等。Noteverymeansisuseful.不是每种方法都好使。Notallmeansareuseful不是所有的方法都好使。11如果主语有morethanone很多非常或manya许多构成，oneandahalf

10、与单数名词组成的短语。尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：MorethanonestudenthasreadthebookManyagirlhasbeenthere.但是，“more+复数名词+thanone”结构之后，谓语动词一般多用复数形式。如：Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.Apairofshoeswasonthedesk.Manyaboyhasseenit.许多孩子都看到了。书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.Rootsisafamou

11、sAmericannovel.三、就近原则either.or;neither.nor;notonly.butalso,whetheroi在句子中连接主语的时候或者在therebe句型中，谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。NeitheryounorIamwrong.Thereisacupofteaandsomeapplesonthetable.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishesforaholiday.四、就前原则aswellas,togetherwith,but,except,like,besides，ratherthan在句子中连接主语的时候，谓语

12、动词要与前面的主语保持一致Everybodyexceptyouisdownonme.除了你，大家都看不起我。Awomanwithtwochildrenhascome.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.约翰，而不是他的室友，应受责备Jim,togetherwithhisclassmates,hasseenthefilm.吉姆和他的同学都看看过这电影注意事项thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind（这种书），其谓语用单数；短语thiskindofmen=menofthiskind=thesekindofmen

13、（口语）（这一类人），但thiskindofmen的谓语用单数,menofthiskind和thesekindofmen的谓语用复数,allkindsof后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。例如：Thiskindofmenisdangerous.Menofthiskindaredangerous.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如：Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,aheapof,heapsof,halfof+名词”构成的短语

14、作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。例如：Lotsofdamagewascausedbyfire.Aboutthree-fourthsoftheearthssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Three-fifthsoftheworkersherearewomen.和这种情况类似的还有“anumberof+名词复数”。但是，“thenumberof+名词”的中心词却是number。试比较：Anumberofstudentshavegonetothecountrysidetohelpwiththe

15、autumnharvest.Thenumberofpagesinthisbookistwohundred.a（large）quantityof修饰可数或不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.quantitiesof修饰可数或不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。例如：Quantitiesoffood（nuts）wereonthetable.短语inquantity,inlargequantities意为“大量”；insmallquantities意为少量”。agreatdealof,alargeamounto

16、f,修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；largeamountsof修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。例如：表示数量的oneandahalf后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.6单复数同形的名词作主语时，依照意义一致的原则，表示单数意义时，谓语用单数；反之，谓语用复数形式。这类名词有：sheep,deer,means（方法、手段）,works（工厂）,species（种类）7在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：Betweenthetwowi

17、ndowshangsapicture.高中英语主谓一致专项练习题及答案从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One-thirdoftheareacoveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetreesbeenplanted.A.are;haveB.is;hasC.is;haveD.are;hasThenumberofteachersinourcollegegreatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.A.was;isB.was;a

18、reC.were;areD.were;isWhatthepopulationofChina?One-thirdofthepopulationworkershere.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;isNotonlyhebutalsoweright.Heaswellasweright.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;areWhathedlikeadigitalwatch.Whathedliketextbooks.A.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;isHeisoneoftheboyswhohereontime.Heis

19、theonlyoneoftheboyswhohereontimeAhascome;havecomeBhavecome;hascomeChascome;hascomeDhavecome;havecomeEitheryouorheinterestedinplayingchess.youorhefondofmusicatpresent?Aare;AreBis;AreCare;IsDis;Is8ManyaprofessorlookingforwardtovisitingGermanynow.Manyscientistsstudiedanimalsandplantsinthelasttwoyears.A

20、.is;haveB.is;hasC.are;haveD.is;areAknifeandaforkonthetable.Aknifeandforkonthetable.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;isD.is;areHerfamilymuchlargerthanminefouryearsago.HerfamilydancingandsingingwhenIcameinlastnight.A.were;wasB.was;wereC.was;wasD.were;wereHowandwhyJackcametoChinanotknown.Whenandwheretobuildthenew

21、librarynotbeendecided.A.is;hasB.are;hasC.is;haveD.are;haveNowTomtogetherwithhisclassmatesfootballontheplayground.AplayBareplayingCplaysDisplayingTwohundredandfiftypoundstoounreasonableapriceforasecond-handcar.A.isB.areC.wereD.beAllbutDickinClassThreethisterm.AareBisCwereDwasSoonaftertheearthquake,ev

22、eryman,womanandchildaboutit.A.weretalkingB.wastalkingC.talkD.talksWeeachstrongpointsandeachofusontheotherhandweakpointsAhave;haveBhas;haveChas;hasDhave;hasMyfriendandclassmatePaulmotorcyclesinhissparetime.AraceBracesCisracedDisracingThereapen,twopencils,andthreebooksonthedesk.A.areB.isC.hasD.haveThe

23、factory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,burntlastnight.AisBareCwereDwasClimbinghillsofgreathelptohealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.beTimeandtidefornoman.A.waitB.waitedC.iswaitingD.haswaitedTheinjuredinthetsunamigoodcareofbysomemedicalteams.AistakenBarebeingtakenCaretakingDisbeingtakenItisnotJ.K.Rowlingbuther

24、worksthatusexcited.A.makesB.ismadeC.makeD.aremadeOntheclosetapairoftrousershisparentsboughtforhisbirthday.A.lyingB.liesC.lieD.islaid25Eachmanandeachwomanaskedtohelpwhenthefirebrokeout.AisBwasCareDwere26.About60percentofthestudentsfromthesouth;therestofthemfromthenorthandforeigncountries.A.are;isBis;

25、isC.is;areDare;are27Isthereanybodyintheclassroom?No,theteacher,togetherwiththestudentstotheplayground.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.havegoneAretheseyoursheep?一No.Mineongrassatthefootofthehill.A.arefeedingB.feedC.isfedD.isfeedingSittingatthebackoftheroombutinfrontofsomeoldmenandwomenaveryshygirlwithtwobrighte

26、yes.A.wasB.areC.wereD.therewasMr.Bush,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughtergoingtoJapannextweek.A.areB.isC.willbeD.wouldbeNottheteacherbutthestudentsexcited.A.isB.hasC.areD.haveAsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutesallthatIcansparetotalkwithyouAareBwasC.isDwereofthelandinthatdistrictcoveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Tw

27、ofifth;isB.Twofifths;areC.Twofifth;areD.Twofifths;is答案及部分解析：1-5CBABC6-10BBACB11-15ADAAB16-20DBBDA21-26ABCBBD27-33CAABCCD1分数或百分数+ofthe+名词或代词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词或代词的单、复数形式。“thenumberof+名词”作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。“anumberof+名词”作主语，谓语动词常用复数形式。“分数或百分数+ofthepopulation”作主语，谓语动词常用复数形式。or,eitheror,neither.nor,notonlybutals等（关联）连词连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数按就近原则”处理。注意：即使在疑问句中，动词的数也应与最近的主语保持一致。aswellas连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数应与前一主语保持一致。what引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。但当作表语的名词为复数，或what从句是一个具有复数意义的并列结构时，谓语动词常用复数形式，如：WhatIsayandthinkarenobusinessofyours.在“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词常用复数；在“he（only）oneof+复数名词+定语从