小升初英语语法总结 练习题及答案

1、小升初英语语法总结+练习题及答案人称代词主格：Iweyousheheitthey宾格：meusyouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词：myouryourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs；用适当的代词填空。TOC o 1-5 h zIsthatcaryourYZs,itis.HowisMrLi?isfine,thanks.Putonhat!Iamgoingtoputiton.Whoisthatoverhere?Itis.Theoldmanlivesby.6.IamsureIcandoitallby.Look,isthi

2、sroombeautiful?Ipaintedit.8.Idlikgotfiorawalk.too.Whatarejobs?Theyarestudents.Wethinkto.Maryisoldenoughtotakecareof.Itisperfume,Imadeit.Lookat.Sheisverywell.Canyoucarrythisboxupstairsby.Youandshedidverywellinthetest.Theteachersaidthathewouldpraiseand.Thestorywasverygood,butyouaredidnottellitwell.Giv

3、eJanethiswatch.Givethisonetoo.18.SaraisnotpleasedwithinthisEnglishtest.19.Didyouenjoyatthepartyyesterday?2O.Shewantstobuyacarofown.二：选择填空.Mr.MorehasmoremoneythanMr.Little.ButhedoesntenjoyA.heB.himC.hisD.himselfLilywas9yearsold.wasoldenoughtogotoschool.A.She,sheB.She,herselfC.Her,herselD.Her.sheJimsw

4、atchismuchnewerthan.A.hersB.sheC.herD.herselfWouldyoulikeforsuper?A:somethingChineseB:ChinesesomethingC:anythingChineseD:Chineseanythingpianoistooold,butshestilllikedplayingit.A.SheB.SheSC.HersD.HerWhotaughtyouEnglishlastyear?TOC o 1-5 h zNobodytaughtme.Itaught.A.meB.myselfC.mineD.IThatbikeis?A.heB.

5、himC.hisD.itWeboughtapresent,butn”tlikeit.A.they,themB.them,theyC.themselves,theirD.theirs,they答案.COmineheyourherheremyselfmyselfTOC o 1-5 h zme9.those10.ourselves11.herself12.myself13.her14.yourself15.you,her16.youmade17.her18.herresults19.yourself20.herTOC o 1-5 h zDBACDBCB2形容词和副词的比较级般在形容词或副词后+ero

6、ldertallerlongerstronger,etc多音节词前+moremoreinteresting,etc.双写最后一个字母，再+erbiggerfatter,etc.把y变i，再+erheavier,earlier(5)不规则变化：well-better,much/many-more,etc.3可数词的复数形式、名词复数规则一般情况下，直接加-s如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds以s.x.sh.结尾，加-es如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加

7、-es如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“或fe”吉尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es如：knife-knives不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfo

8、otbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo-yopeachsandwichmanwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea4不可数名词单复数形式不变）bread,rice,water,juiceetc.缩略形式Im=Iamyoure=youareshes=sheisshes=heits=itiswhos=whoiscant二cannotisnt二isnotetc6冠词冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词a，an、定冠词the和零冠词三

9、种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。不定冠词的用法T不定冠词有a和af两种形式a用在以辅音开头的词前，af用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示一Thereisatigerinthezoo.动物园里有一只老虎。表示一类人和东西Atigercanbedangerous.老虎可能有危害性。表示某一个的意思Agentlemanwantstoseeyou.有一位先生要见你。表示同一的意思Theyarenearlyofanage.他们几乎同岁。Thetwoshirtsaremuchofasize.

10、这两件衬衫大小差不多。表示每一的意思Wegoswimmingfourtimesaweek.我们每周去游泳四次。用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业Mymotherisateacher.我妈妈是教师。第一次提到的人或事物，但不特别指明是哪一个Longlongagotherewasanoldkingwhohadaverybeautifuldaughter.很久很久以前，有一个年老的国王，他有一个非常美丽的女儿。在英国英语中，以h开头的多音节词，如第一个音节不重读，其前亦可用anThereisanhotelnearhere.这附近有一家旅馆。在suchaquite甸式中Heisquiteago

11、odactor.他是一个相当好的演员。Dontbeinsuchahurry.不要如此匆忙。在感叹句what.的句式中Whataprettygirlsheis!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀！不定冠词的用法-2用在某些表示数量的词组中：aloto许多acoupleo一对agreatmany艮多adozen一打（但也可以用onedozer）agreatdeal大f量定冠词的用法T用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物ThisisthehousewhereLuxunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物Openthedoor,please.请把门打开。用以复述上文提过的人

12、或事物（第一次提到用“或an”以后再次提到用“th）Oncetherelivedalionintheforest.Everydaythelionaskedsmallanimalstolookforfoodforhim.从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。用在序数词和形容词最高级前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.月份是一年当中的第一个月。ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.上海是中国最大的城市。表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物thesun太阳themoon月亮theeart地球thesky天空theworlc世界指

13、由普通名词构成的专有名词theWestLake西湖theGreatWal长城theUnitedStat美国theUnitedNatio联合国定冠词的用法-2表示方向、方位intheea在东方inthewes在西方inthefrc在前面atthebac在后面inthebottc在底部attheto在顶部ontheright右边onthelefl左边在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前thePacificOce太平洋theHuangheRive黄河theTainshanMountaiij天山山脉theTaiwanStrai台s弯海峡在姓氏复数前，表示一家人TheBakerscameto

14、seemeyesterday.贝克一家人昨天来看我。和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物thepoor穷人theric富人thesic病人thewounded伤员thegood好人thebeautifu美丽的事物用在表示阶级、政党的名词前theworkingcla工人阶级theChineseCommunistPartly国共产党用在thever强调句中ThisistheverybookIwant.这就是我想要的那本书。在themore,themotile较级的句式中Themoreyoudrink,themoreyoulikeit.你越喝就越爱喝。表示演奏乐器时，乐器的刖面要加the

15、playthepia/弹钢琴playthevio拉小提琴某些固定的表达法inthemornin在早上intheafterno在下午intheevenii在晚上gotothecinei去看电影gotothethea去看戏alltheyearro一年到头onthewayt前往.去的路上th加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是-种有用的动物。注意：像这类句子还有如下两种写法Ahorseisausefulanimal.Horsesareusefulanimals.零冠词的用法专有名词前一般不加冠词China中国Europe欧洲LeiFeng雷锋Will

16、iamShakespear威廉莎士比亚2月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节NationalDay国庆节MayDay劳动节比较：.onaSundaymorning.在一个星期天的早晨.（表示某一个。）3三餐、四季前一般不加冠词Ihavelunchatschool.我在学校吃午餐。Summeristhebestseasonforswimming.夏天是游泳的好季节。比较：Ihadabiglunchyesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个）ThedinnergivenbyMrSmithwa

17、sverynice.史密斯先生款待的晚宴真是美味。（表示特指）比较：IwillneverforgetthesummerwespentinHawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）进行球类运动playbasketba打篮球playvolleyball排球playfootba踢足球没有特指的物质名词Thiscartismadeofwood.这辆手推车是用木头作的。比较：Thewoodoutsidewasallwet.外面的那些木头都湿了。（表示特指）没有特指的不可数抽象名词limeisprecious.时间是宝贵的。比较：Thetimeoftheplaywas1990

18、s.这个剧本的时代背景是二十世纪九十年代。（表示特指）没有特指的可数名词复数形式后。Iliketomatoes.我喜欢西红柿。山峰MountQomolangma珠穆朗玛峰固定词组gotoschoo去上学gotobed卜床睡觉gobytrai乘火车去gobyboat乘船去attabl在用餐inhospita主院atschoo求学inschoo求学atnoon在中午atnigh在晚上atmidnight在半夜intown在城里独立结构中的名词不加冠词Aboycamein,bookinhand.个男孩进来，手上拿着书。泛指人类Manismortal.人必有一死。在kindo手名词sortof名词句式

19、中Whatkindofflowerisit?这是什么花？Ilikethissortofbook.我喜欢这种书。扌指职位、头衔的词dkingcaptai，presidentchairman等。Heis(the)captainoftheteam.他是球队的队长。As(the)chairmanofthecommittee,Ideclarethemeetingopen.作为委员会主席，我宣布会议开始。冠词和三餐的搭配三餐名词单独使用时，之前通常不加冠词三餐名词之前若加形容词时则除外：Wehavebreakfastateight我们8点钟吃早饭。Hegaveusagoodbreafast他请我们吃了一顿

20、丰盛的早餐。Iwasinvitedtodinner他们邀请我吃饭。Iwasinvitedtoadinnergiventowelcomethenewambassador我被邀请参加欢迎新任大使的宴会。TheScotshaveporridgeforbreakfast苏格兰人早餐吃粥。Theweddingbreakfastwasheldinherfathershouse婚礼早宴是在她父亲家举行的。介词短语与冠词attabl在进餐atthetab在桌子旁边atdesk在读书atthedes在课桌旁atschoo在上学atthescho在学校里inclas在上课inthecla在班级里面inbed卧床i

21、nthebe在床上inpriso坐牢intheprison因事）在监狱inhospit住院inthehospit（因事）在医院gotoschoo去上学gototheschool因事）去学校gotobe上床睡觉gototheb在床上gotohospit去看病gotothehospi去医院takeplac发生takethepla代替inplace代替intheplace在f.的地方incaseo万一inthecase就f.来说outofquesti毫无疑问outofthequest完全不可能通常使用不定冠词的短语afterawhi过了一会儿allofasudc突然asarul通常asaresult

22、果，因此asamatterof:事实上asawhole大体上atalo不知所措inahurr急忙inaway在某种程度上inawore总而言之Itsapityt令人遗憾的是putanendto结束cometoanend吉束cometoaconclusi得出结论haveagoodtin玩得愉快haveares（休息一下haveacol感冒haveawordwit和谈一谈keepaneyef对有鉴赏力makealivin谋生makeafir生火makeafoolc愚弄takeawal散步冠词的练习Choosethebestanswef选择最佳答案）：Thereishouseinthepicture

23、.Thereisoldwomannearhouse.A.an;a;theB.a;an;theC.the;a;anD.a;the;anHehasalreadyworkedforhour.A.theB.anC.a不填Aliceisfondofplayingpiano.A.theB.anC.a不填Beyondstars,theastronautsawnothingbutspace.A.不填；theB.the;th不填，不填D.the不填terribleweatherwevebeenhavingthesedays!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.WhatWhereisJack?Ithinkhe

24、isstillinbed,buthemightjust1bathroom.A.不填；不填B.the;theC.不填;D.不填；theWhendoyouhavebreakfasteveryday?A.aB.anC.the不填ManypeoplearestillinhabitofwritingsillythingsinpublicplaceA.the不填B.不填；theC.the;t!不填；不填二精讲精练：不熟练的语法点的回顾代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。代词可分以下九类：1人称代词主格（在句中作主语）有：I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they宾格（在句中作宾

25、语）有：me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them物主代词形容词性的物主代词（作定语）有：my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their名词性的物主代词（作主语、表语，宾语）有：mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs反身代词（自身代词）有myself,herself,thems等ves相互代词有：eachother,oneanother提示代词有：this,that,these,those,those疑问代词（用来引导特殊疑问句）有who,what,whos等。关系代词（用来引导定语从句）有which,that,

26、wh等。连接代词（用来引导名词性从句）有:what,who,whos等。不定代词有:all,each,both,either,neither等Qne,any不定代词指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。下面列出部分不定代词的用法比较：both和all:both指两者，all指三者以上。Bothoftheanswersare两个答案都对。Alltheanswersarecorjie有的答案都对。every和each：every指至少三个，强调共性，each可指小到两个，强调个体。Everyroomiscleanandt每d一个房间都很整洁。Eachstudentmaytrytwije个

27、学生可以试两次。eithe和neithe诸8是谈两个人或物：Eitheroftheanswersis两个答案都对（eithe指两者当中任意一个）Neitheroftheanswersis两个答案都不对。（neithe指两者都不是）some和anysome般用于肯定句中，而any用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中：Arethereanystampsinthed抽屉里有邮票吗？Yes,therearesoi是.的，有一些。注意，当某些疑问句表示请求、建议等肯定意义时，用some不用any:Wouldyoulikesomete想喝点茶吗？noone和none:noon仅扌指人，none可扌指人或物。Noo

28、nefailedintheexamina考试&没有人不及格。Noneofthestudentsfailedintheexan没有一个学生考试不及格。Haveyouanystring?绳子吗？No,Ihaven没有。代词的练习填空Thisbikeismysisters.Itbelongs她的）（Thisisntmybook.我的）（isinthebag.Theyquarrelledamong（他们）.YouandIunderstand彳皮此匕（perfectly.Ifthereare（一些）newmagazinesinthelibrary,takesomeforme.二单项选择writerisb

29、etterknowinChina,CharlesDickensorMarkTwain?A.WhichB.WhatC.EitherD.WhetherTheywereallverytired,butofthemwouldstoptohavearest.A.anyB.someC.noneD.neitherKateandhersisterwentonholidaywithacousinof.A.theirB.theirsC.themD.themselvesIshere?No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.SomebodyC.everybodyD.nobod

30、yWecouldnteatinarestaurantbecauseofushadmoneyonus.A.all;noB.any;noC.none;anyC.noone;any【参考答案】填空：l.her2.mine3.themselves4.eachother5.any二单项选择：1.A2.C3.B4.C5.Ca/anabook,apeachanegganhourbehind.arent.Preposition:on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,表示时间：atsixoclock,atChristmas,atbreakfastonMond

31、ayon15thJulyOnNationalDayintheeveninginDecemberinwinter基数词和序数词one-firsttwosecondtwentytwentiethSome/anyIhavesometoysinmybedroom.Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?be动词Basicform:am/are/is肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Myeyesare(not)small.Myhairis(not)long.一般疑问句：AmIaChniese?Yes,youare.No,youAretheyAmerican?Yes,t

32、heyare.No,nhey.areIsthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisnt.there结构肯定句：ThereisaThereare一般疑问句：Isthere？Yes,thereis./No,thereisntArethere？Yes,thereare./No,therearent.否定句：Thereisnt.Therearent.祈使句SitdownpleaseDontitdown,please.现在进行时.通常用“now”.形式：be+verb+ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She

33、/Itis(not)eating.动词一ing的形式Mostverbs+ingwawalkingVerbsendingine-e+ing-ccmeingShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonaroitiniumgswiswimming、写出下列动词的现在分词:playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingdanceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls(sing)inthe

34、classroom.Mymother(cook)somenicef(nw.Whatyou(do)now?Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.Its5oclocknow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：Theyaredoinghousewo分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)Thestu

35、dentsarecleaningtheclass改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）Implayingthefootballinthepla对划线部分进行提问)Tomisreadingbooksinhisst对划线部分进行提问)14一般现在时。通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes”形式：肯定句：Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.般疑问句：Doyoujumphigh?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.Doeshejumphigh?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.否定句：

36、WedontotoschoolonSundays.MymotherdoesntlikewatchingTVintheevening.b动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not其它。如：HeisnotaworkST不是工人。般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如I：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如:Whereismybike?2行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+dont(doesn动词原形(+其它)如：Idontlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn构成否定句。如：Hedoesntoftenplay.般疑问句：Do(Do

37、es)主语+动词原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.gotowork?watch-watches.特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfather动词+s的变化规则般情况下，直接加-s如：cookcooks,milkmilks以s.x.sh.c结尾，加es如I：guessguesses,washwashes,gogoes以辅音字母+y”吉尾，变y为i,再加-es

38、如：study-studies般现在时用法专练：、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspa

39、perseveryday?Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike(like)cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.I(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Th

40、echildoften(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.Whatday(be)ittoday?-ItsSatur三a、按照要求改写句子DanielwatchesTVeveryeveijj改为否定句)Idomyhomeworkeveryd改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)Shelikesmi改为(一般疑问句，作肯定回答)Amylikesplayingcomputerga改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)Wegotoschooleverymorrj改为否定句)HespeaksEnglishvery换为否定句)Ilike

41、takingphotosint对划线部分提问)JohncomesfromCana对划线部分提问)Sheisalwaysagoodst改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)SimonandDaniellikegoingsk改ttin否定句)五、改错划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays.15惰态)动词can,must,shoul后面直接用动词原形。eg:I/

42、He/She/Theycansing.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.16.般过去时态be动词的过去式：I/He/she/itwas(not).You/we/theywere.般疑问句was,were放在句首。动词过去式：肯定句：Iwatchedcartoons.Shevisitedthezoo.般疑问句：Didyoureadbooklastnight?Yes,Idid.No,Ididnt.Didshecleanthedeskjustnow?Yes,shedid.No,shedidnt.否定句：Theydidntgothethepartyesterday.Hedi

43、dntmakemodelshipslastweek.(3励词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：Mostverbs+edeg.planted,watered,climbedVerbsendingine+degdikedVerbsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iedestudieyShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonanteg:stop-stopped不规则动词的变化：is/am-was,arwere,dodid,have/hhad,makemade,flyflew/u:/eatate,tatook,ruran,sirsang,drindrank等等将来时、

44、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year)，soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构：begoingto+;dowill+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,r后加not或情态动词will后加not成won。例如：Imgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fImnotgoingtohaveapicnicafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,an改为or,第一二人称互换。例如：Wear

45、egoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。问人。Who例如:ImgoingtoNewYorksoon.fWhosgoingtoNewYorksoon.问干什么。Whatdo例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.问什么时候。When例如：Shesgoingtogotobedatnin

46、e.fWhenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto二willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorito明天）.二Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.亍个星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingt

47、his?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattimeyoumeet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocampi改否定）Nancygoingtogocamping.Illgoandjoint改否定）Igojointhem.Imgoingtogetupat6:30ton（o改一般疑问句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat（改一般疑问句）meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafte（对划h线部分提问）sheafterschool?M

48、yfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaft同上Omorrow.（goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow感叹句由感叹词what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：What+a（an）+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！如：Whatanapplethisis!Whatafinedayitis!What+（形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！Whatkindwomentheyare!Whatnicemusicitis!由How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How

49、+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！Howhardtheworkerareworking!Howcleverthegirlis!Howquicklytheboyiswriting!注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。Howtherunnerruns!what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。如：Whataninterestingjtoryitis!=Howinterestinghestoryis!whatabeautifulbuldingitis!=Howbeautifulthebuildingis!在语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如：Whatan

50、icepresent!（省略itis）Howdisappointed!（省略sheis或其它可作本句主、谓的词语）用法感叹句多以how或what引导，但在语中，还有一些特殊的感叹句表达形式。1以副词here,there,in开头的感叹句。Herecomesthebus!公共汽车来了！Theretheyare!他们在那儿呢!2以疑问词who开头，表示惊奇。Whoelsewillreadsuchabook!谁还会读这样的书！3以情态动词may开头，表示愿望。Mayyoubothbehappy!祝二位幸福。Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！4否定疑问句用作感叹句时，它的意义是肯定的；但肯定疑问句

51、用作感叹句在美国英语中比较常见。Arenttheysweet!他们多可爱啊！AmIhungry!我饿极了！5一些短语用作感叹句。Dearme!哎呀！Mygoodness!嗳呀！Noneofyournonsense!不要胡说了！6些作表语的成分用作感叹句。Justmyluck!又倒霉了！Sorry,mymistake!对不起，是我的错！感叹句如何变为间接引语直接引语是感叹句时，若要变作间接引语，通常用引述动词tell,exclaim等。如：“Whatabraveboyyouare!”shetoldhim.你是一个多么勇敢的男孩子啊！”也告诉他说。Shetoldhimwhatabraveboyhe

52、wag.她告诉他说他是一个多么勇敢的男孩子。Hesaid,“Hurrah!Myfriendiscome.”他说道，乌拉!我的朋友来了。”Heexclaimedwithdelightthathisfriendhadcome.他欢呼他的朋友来了。（引述动词用exclaim,并加状语withdelight）当然，也可用其他一些引述动词。如：Hesaid,“Alas!HowfoolishIhavebeen!”他说道，哎，我多傻啊！”Heconfessedwithregretthathehadbeenveryfoolish.他痛悔地承认他太傻了。（引述动词用confess加状语withregret）“W

53、hatacrimehehascommitted!”shesaid.他犯了多大的罪啊！”她说道。Shedidntcnowwhatacrimehehadcommitted.她不矢U道他犯了那么大的罪。（引述动词用know的否定式）有时也可以不用引述动词，如：“Howfastshecanrun!”hesays.她竞能跑得那样快！”也说道。Itsncrediblehowfastshecanrun.她跑得如此之快令人不可置信。（用itsncredibl表示说话人的神情）Hesaidtothemall,“GoocHoye,myfriends!”也对他们说道，再见，我的朋友们！”Hebadegood-bye

54、toallhisfriends.他向他的所有朋友道别。这里连间接引语也没有了）相关语法关于感叹句what和how的区别：、由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词(被强调部分)，单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.主语+谓语+(itis).如：Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聪明的姑娘呀！二、由how引导的感叹句：how意为多么用作状语，修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结

55、构形式是：How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(itis).如口：Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用how引导。如：Whatahotdayitis!Howhotthedayis!四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如：Whatafineday多么晴朗的天呀!感叹句练习:(当场做或家庭作业)Question:(A)1.cleverboyheis!A.WhatB.HowC.Whats(B)2.shedances!HowgoodHowwellWhatwell(B)3.quiet

56、theparkis!A.WhataB.HowC.Howa(B)4.hisfatherworks!A.WhatagoodB.HowgoodC.WhatgoodA.HowcarefulB.HowcarefullyC.Whatcareful(B)5.noisytheyaremaking!A.WhatB.HowC.Howa(B)6.delicioussoup!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata(A)7.heavysnow!A.WhataB.WhatC.How(B)8.oldbikeLiLeiisriding!A.WhataB.WhatanC.How(C)9.excitingmomentitis!A.

57、HowB.HowanC.Whatan(A)10.supperwerehavingtoday!A.WhatadeliciousB.HowdeliciousC.Whatdelicious(C)11.fineweatheritistoday!A.HowB.WhataC.What(C)12.fasttheboysarerunning!A.WhatB.WhataC.How(A)13.themooncakesare!A.HowdeliciousB.WhatdeliciousC.Whatadelicious(B)14.surprisingnewsitis!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata(A)15.ti

58、mewerehavingtoday!()16.Imissyou!A.WhatB.HowC.Howdo()17.Look!beautifulthatlakeis!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata()18.slowlyTomruns!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata()19.lovelythesnowlooks!A.WhatB.HowC.Whata()20.usefulinformationitis!A.WhatanB.HowC.What()21.beautifulflowerstheyare!A.HowB.WhatC.Whata()22.lovelyagirlsheis!A.WhatB.

59、HowC.Whata()23.theylovetheircountry!A.WhatB.HowC.Whata()24.longhairshehas!A.WhataB.WhatC.How()25.beautifulmusicwearelisteningto!A.HowB.WhataC.What()26.excitingafootballmatchitis!A.WhatB.HowC.Whatan()27.hard-workingChinesepeople!A.HowB.WhatC.Howdo()28.alovelyview!A.IsitB.IsntitC.Arentthey()29.timethe

60、yhadyesterday!A.HowwonderfulB.WhatwonderfulC.Whatawonderful()30.worriedtheylooked!A.WhatB.HowC.HowareAnswers:15ABBBB610BABCA1115CCABA1620BAABC2125BBBBC2630BBBCBWhat问句(时间太紧张，不能在课堂上讲的就带回家看，有问题再辅导)1问年龄和名字tsyourname?你叫什么名字？Mynameis.叫。Howoldareyou?尔几岁了？-m12.-我十二岁。II询问颜色。Whatcolourisi-它是什么颜色的？-tsyellowand