牛津版2020 年中考英语话题复习阅读训练 世界和环境

1、话题世界与环境知识拓展与能力延伸第一节语法填空阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空。TheBermudaTriangleisintheAtlanticOcean,nearFloridaintheUnitedStates.Duringthepast30years,some1,000seamenandpilotshave_2_(lose)theirlivesthere.Itis_3_(know)as“TheTriangleofDeath”foritsmysteriouscalms,waterspouts(龙卷风)andsud

2、denstorms.Whatsstrangestisthelight,_4_sobrightthatithasbeenseenbyUSastronautsfromouterspace.At2p.m.onDecember5,1945,fivemilitaryplanestook_5_inperfectflyingweatherfromanairportinFloridaonatrainingtask.Twohourslater,theleaderintheskyfound_6_thathewascompletelylost.Thentherewassilence.Anotherplaneo_7_

3、(send)tosearchforthemandit,too,disappeared.TheNavyalsofailed_8_(find)theplanes.(Oneof_9_(large)shipsthatdisappearedinthetrianglewasanAmericancoalship,500feetlong.Theweatherwasgood,andtherewerenomessagesforhelpbeforeitwasgone.Therewasnowreckage残骸),nosignofthe309menaboardafteritdisappeared._10_issaidt

4、hatmany“ghost”shipshavebeenfoundfloatingtherewithoutanypeopleonthethem.答案：the,lost,known,so,off,that,wassent,tofind,thelargest,It第二节短文填空请用适当的词完成下面短文。每个空只能填一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。SavetheworldstreesWorldEarthDaywascreatedin1970toaskmorepeopleto_1_ourenvironment.OnApril22,peoplearoundtheworldcelebrateEarthDay.

5、ThethemeofEarthDaythisyearisTreesfortheEarth,soEarthDaythisyearwillbeallabout_2_trees.Theyare_3_toplant7.8billiontreeswithinthenextfiveyears。Thatsabiggoal,andyoumight4wonderwhytreesaresoimportant.Theycan_5_incarbondioxide(CO2)andprotecttheairquality.CO2isachemicalinouratmosphere,buthumansmaketoo_6_o

6、fit.Eachpersonmakesabout2.3tonsayear,whichis_7_fortheenvironment.Plantingnewtreesisimportantbecausepeople_8_downahugenumberoftrees.Soweneedtoplantmoretomakeupfor(弥补)theoneswe_9_.Onetreecantakein21.8kilogramsofCO,peryear.Anditsstilloneofthecheapestand_10_waystogetridofCO2.答案：protect,planting,planning

7、/going,wonder,take,much,bad,cut,lost,best/nicest/easiest巩固练习一、语法选择PeopleoftenthinkoftheNorthPoleandtheSouthpoleassimilarfrozen(冰冻的)wastelands.Theyare_1_placeswithverycoldtemperaturesand_2_peoplelivethere.However,thenorthisnotsosimilartotheSouthPoleaspeoplemayimagine.ThenorthPolehasnoland,onlythickic

8、e.Temperaturesseldomgoabove32F,atwhichwaterturnsintoice.Mostofthetime,it_3_belowzero.Inwintertemperaturesareusuallyas_4_as-30F._5_conditionswereverypoor,peopletriedformanycenturies_6_theNorthPole.About100yearsago,twomen,RobertPearyandMathewHenson,wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesanddiffic

9、ulties.TheyreachedtheNorthPole_7_March8th,1909.Itwasreallyahardtripforthem.Therearefewthingsmoredangerousthan_8_theArctic(北极圈)onfoot.People_9_stayedtheremayfacemanyproblems:verycoldtemperatures,suddenstorms,_10_evenhunger.Mostoftheareaisuninhabited.Fewpeoplecanliveinsuch_11_difficultplace.Peoplemigh

10、tthink_12_withsuchlowtemperaturesformostoftheyear,theicewouldbethickandhard._13_,thisisnottrueinthearctic.Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheice_14_oftencausemanydifferentchangesonthesurface.Sometimestheicebreaksintotwoopeninglanesofwatercalled“leads”.Anyonewhofallsintoaleadcan_15_todeathinafewminute

11、s.1.A.either2.A.few3.A.stay4.A.low5.A.Until6.A.reach7.A.in8.A.crossed9.A.which10.A.so11.A.a12.A.whatB.neitherB.afewB.staysB.lowerB.AfterB.toreachB.atB.crossingB.whoseB.butB.anB.thatC.bothC.littleC.isstayedC.lowestC.WhenC.reachedC.ofC.crossC.whomC.andC.theC.howD.allD.alittleD.stayedD.lowlyD.AlthoughD

12、.reachingD.onD.tocrossingD.whoD.orD./D.why13.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.HoweverD.Wherever14.A.must15.A.freezeB.shouldB.frozeC.mayC.befreezingD.hastoD.befrozen答案：1-5CABAD6-10BDBDC11-15ABCCD二、完形填空TheEarthisourhome.Wemusttakegoodcareofit.Lifetodayiseasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,butithasbroughtsomenew_1_

13、.Oneofthebiggestproblemispollution.Wecanseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.Manhaspollutedthe_2_.Themorepeople,themorepollution.Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotso_3_becausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthe_4_wasuseduportheriverwasnotcleaninaplace,manwenttoanotherplace.However,manis_5_pollutingthewholewor

14、ldnowadays.Airpollutionisstillthemostseriouspollution.Itsbadforlivingthingsintheworld.Manycountriesdontletpeople_6_anythingbadinthehousesandfactoriesinthecity.PollutionbroughtbySO2isnowthemostdangerouskindof_7_pollution.Itsmainlycausedbyheavytraffic.Peoplesayridingbikesisthe_8_waytoprotecttheenviron

15、mentintermsofmeansoftransportation.Ridingcausesnopollution.Butevenindevelopedcountries,mostpeopledontgotoworkbybike.Itsnotbecausebikesareexpensiveorpeoplewouldbecometirediftheyridetowork.Itsbecausethenumberofcarsontheroadsbecomeslarger.Moreandmorepeople_9_theirbikesandgotoworkbycarandthenthingsgetwo

16、rseandworse.Thereshouldbespecialroadsonlyforbikes,makingitsodifficultandexpensivefordriverstodrivetheircarsinthecitythattheywillgobackto_10_theirbikes.1.A.matter2.A.Moon3.A.small4.A.land5.A.sadly6.A.burn7.A.water8.A.least9.A.puton10.A.use答案：1-5DCCACB.questionsB.starB.clearB.treeB.proudlyB.createB.wh

17、iteB.bestB.putoffB.buy6-10ACBCAC.troublesC.EarthC.seriousC.foodC.slowlyC.cookC.airC.mostC.putawayC.sellD.problemsD.SunD.easyD.fruitD.easilyD.fireD.noiseD.worstD.putupD.repair三、阅读理解Unabletostand,andsufferingfromanumberofseriousdiseasesinhisadvancedage.theworldslastmalenorthernwhiterhino(犀牛)waseuthani

18、zedbyarescueteaminKenyaon19thMarch,2018.OnlytwoofthenorthernwhiterhinosremainonEarth-hisdaughter,Najin,andgranddaughter,Fatu.“WeareallsaddenedbySudansdeath.Hewasanamazingrhino,andwillberememberedfortheworkhedidtoraiseattentionofthesadsituationfacingnotonlyrhinos,butalsothemanythousandsofotherendange

19、redanimals,”OlPejetaConservancychiefexecutivesaid.Sudanwasbornin1972inwhatisnowSouthSudanwhentherewerestillabout1,000northernwhiterhinoslivinginthewild.Buttheirhomewasthendestroyedbyhuman.AsTheWashingtonPostsKevinwroteinareportofSudanin2015:“Whenwarsbrokeout,therhinoswerelargelykilledfortheirmeatort

20、heirhorns(角),orsometimesexchangedformoneyorguns.”Rhinohornbeinghighlyprizedisanotherreasonforthekillingofthiskindofanimal.Thehornisconsideredtohavemedicinalqualitiesandissoldatveryhighprices.Evenarecentdropinthepriceofrhinohorndidnotcomesoonenoughtosavethenorthernwhiterhinofromnear-certaindisappeari

21、ngintheworld.ButSudanwassavedfromthehorriblesituationbypeoplefromazoointheCzechRepublicwhenhewas3yearsold.AfterthedeathofSuniin2014.thesecond-to-lastmale,Sudanbecametheonlymalenorthernwhiterhinointheworld.Hespentthelastyearsofhislifeunder24-hourprotection.Hishornhadbeencutoffjustinordertostoppeoplef

22、romkillinghimforit,thoughithadbeguntogrowback.Buttheefforttosavethenorthernwhiterhinoseemstohavecometoolateforarealturnaround.Sudansacruelsymbolofhumannotcaringaboutnatureanditsaddenedeveryonewhoknewhim.Hopefullyitwillcallonhumanbeingstosavetheendangeredanimalsintheworld.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“

23、euthanized”inParagraph1mean?A.KilledB.HurtC.SavedD.Found2.WhatwillSudanberememberedfor?A.Hisbigfamily.B.Hisunusuallonglife.C.Hisworktoencourageanimalprotection.D.Hiscourageoffightingagainstseriousillnesses.3.Inwhatorderdidthefollowingeventstakeplace?a.SudandiedinKenya.b.Sudanwasrescuedbypeople.c.Sud

24、anwasreportedbyTheWashingtonPost.d.Sudanbecamethelastmalenorthernwhiterhino.e.Sudanlivedwithabout1.000northernwhiterhinosinthewild.A.e,b,d,c,aB.b.a,c,d,eC.b,c,a,e,dD.e,b,c,d,a4.Whatmadethenorthernwhiterhinoalmostdisappearintheworld?A.PeopledidntcutofftheirhoB.HumanbeingsdestroyedtheirhomesC.Theprice

25、ofrhinohorndroppedrapidly.D.TherewasnofemalenorthernwhiterhinoleftonEarth.5.Whatisthewriterspurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Tointroducethenorthernwhiterhino.B.Todoaresearchonthenorthernwhiterhino.C.Toraisepeoplesattentiontosavetheendangeredanimals.D.Tofindoutthereasonswhythenorthernwhiterhinowasdyingo

26、ut.答案：ACABC四、阅读填空ClimatechangecouldmakefoodlesshealthAslevelsofcarbondioxide-CO2-intheatmospherehavebeenrisinginrecentyears,theEarthhasbeenwarming._1_Thatwarmingisonesignofclimatechange.Andithasthepossibilitytoinfluencefoodinmanyways.Risingtemperaturesandthechangesinrainfallthatitwillbringshouldmake

27、aneffectonhowmuchandwherecropsgrow.FactsnowshowthatrisinglevelsofCO2alsocaninfluencehowhealthyacropwillbe.SomeofthosefactswerereportedlastyearinAnnualReviewofPublicHealth.Indeed,itshowedthatseveralstudieshavecometothisconclusion.t_2_Hewaspartofateamthathasstudiedthepossibleeffectsofclimatechangeonfo

28、odshealth.Inone2014study,hisgrouplookedatsixmajorfoodcrops:wheat,rice,fieldpeas,soybeans,cornandsorghum(高粱).TheyprovidedplantswithdifferentamountsofCO2.Somegotlevelsofbetween363and386partspermillion(ppm)._3_Suchlevelsareexpectedtodevelopwithinthenext50yearsorso.Afterharvestingtheplantstheresearchersmeasuredtheirlevelsofvitaminsmineralsandotherhealthychemicals.An