职业安全与健康研讨会

1、Seminar on occupational safety and health OSH职业平安与安康研讨会25.-26. January 2007, Guiyang, Guizhou 2007年1月25日- 26日，贵州贵阳.Bjrn WilladssenProgramme DirectorNHO魏籁森挪威工商总会工程总管.Discuss and promote improved efforts in the field of occupational safety and health by demonstrating principles and practices in both c

2、ountries.经过展现两国在职业平安和安康领域里的原那么和实际来商讨并促进这个领域里的任务。Objective 目的.Terminologi 术语Occupational Safety and Health (OSH)职业平安与安康Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)安康，平安与环境Occupational Health Services (OHS)职业医疗保健效力.Area 面积Population 人口9.571.300 sq km386.958 sq km1,291,496,022 4,555,400 Incl. Svalbard/Jan Maye

3、n包括斯瓦尔巴群岛和扬马延岛2003China vs. Norway 中国与挪威.Employment by sector 2006 2006年分行业的从业人员数Source: ssb.no卫生保健和社会效力国内货物贸易，宾馆餐饮业工业和矿产业商业效力，房地产教学建筑工程业交通电信公共行政，国防其他社会和个人效力农林渔业银行/金融原油和天然气开采业水电供应一切行业总计从业人数(以千为单位) 占总数的百分比.The NHO-Family工商总会的大家庭Fishery渔业Farmer Products农产品ICT信息与通讯技术Media传媒Construc-tion建筑Travel旅游HSH效力贸

4、易行业全国结合会Transport交通Service效力Manu-Facturers制造业Govnm.Service公共效力ShipOwners船主Insurance保险Oil石油Bank Finances银行金融NHO and Norwegian businesses 挪威工商总会和挪威企业.OSH why bother? 职业平安与安康- 为什么要费这份心？OSH in Norway statistics 挪威的职业平安与安康情况-统计数据Act on working environment: Continious and systematic improvement劳动环境法：延续而有系

5、统的改良Systematic cooperation系统化的协作Overview 概要. ethics no one should have their health harmed at work 品德规范-任何职工的安康都不应在任务中遭到损害 company development unhealthy companies do not run well 企业开展 - 不安康的企业运营不良 less attractive on the labour marked 在劳工市场上缺乏吸引力 demotivated workforce 工人失去动力 less systematic approach

6、weaker effciency 管理方法缺乏系统性 - 减弱效益OSH - why should managers bother? 为什么管理人员要在职业平安与安康上费心？.competition 竞争 comsumers and other businesses demand a healthy production 消费者和其他企业对安康的消费提出要求 business economy - accidents and illnesses costs money 企业经济 - 事故和疾病都导致支出 production loss 消费遭到损失, absenteeism 缺勤, insura

7、nce costs 保险费用national economy - accidents and illnesses costs money 国家经济 - 事故和疾病都导致支出 loss of production force 劳动力损失, medical treatment 医疗, pensions/disabilities 退休金/残疾金OSH - why should managers bother? 为什么管理人员要在职业平安与安康上费心？.绿色 每百万职工中因工身亡人数红色导致死亡事故总数蓝色1000职工中上报工伤人数 黄色据调查1000职工中发惹事故总数Accidents and in

8、juries in Norwegian companies挪威企业中的事故和工伤.2000年到2006年的季度统计数据：16-69岁的职工由于自报病假和医生开病假而损失的任务日数占其商定任务日数的百分比Lost workdays due to absenteeism 由于缺勤而损失的任务日总百分比 自报病假 医生开病假. Strategy 战略Focus 重点 Cost-reduction 降低本钱 Cooperation 协作 Involvement 参与The Norwegian management approach挪威式的管理方法.Motivating employees? 激发员工？

9、.Acts法律Regulations规章条例Guidelines指点方针Laws and regulations法规Basic agreement根本协议Branch Agreements行业协议Local agreements基层协议Agreements协议Enterprise企业.Rules on working environment and participation有关任务环境和职工参与的规那么The working environment任务环境Managers, employeesSafety delegates, OHS经理，职工，平安事务代表，职业医疗保健Systematic

10、 OSH-efforts系统化的职业平安与安康措施Objectives目的.Physical andchemicalFactors 物理和化学要素Organisation of work and relations 任务与人际关系的构造The individual tasks 个人的义务Consequenses in everyday work日常任务影响到health 安康well-being 身心愉快程度Long term effects长期努力-health 安康learning and personal development学习和人员开发Employees direct and in

11、direct participation职业的直接和间接参与Basic employment rights 根本的职工权益Working environment and health 劳动环境与安康. work is healthy, 安康的任务 no damages to health, physically or psycologically 对身体和心思安康都不呵斥危害 stimulating work 具有鼓励性的任务 continous improvement through cooperation 经过协作延续地改良Objective 目的/目的.Examples on rules

12、 from the law 根据法律制定的规那么之例举 ergonomics should be according to each individual 运用人机工程学要因人而异 workers should not be controlled or continuously watched upon 工人不应接受控制或延续的监视 all work should give the worker a possibility for decision making 任何任务都应给予工人决策的能够性 use of chemicals only when properly marked, regis

13、tered and informed about 只能在正确标明，登记和告知工人的情况下运用化学品 OHS when environment can have longterm health effects 当任务环境长期看会影响安康时有义务提供职业医疗保健效力 participation when introducing new technology or systems 引介新技术或新系统时应有员工参与 personal protective gear when improvement is not possible 如无改良能够那么应运用个人防护器材 avoid monotonous w

14、ork 防止单调的任务 harassement and bullying is illegal 骚扰和欺侮是非法的 maternity leaves 产假 maximum hourly week is 40 hours (overtime upon agreement) 每周任务时间不超越40小时(加班应事先商定) no firing without a just reason 不可无了解雇.Responiblities 责任 employers responsible for conditions 雇主对保证任务条件的责任 employees entitled and obliged to

15、participate 职工参与的权益和义务.Safety delegate平安事务代表Workers工人Safety delegates平安事务代表Main Safety Delegate平安事务总代表OHS职业医疗保健效力Supervisor管理人员EmployerTop Manager雇主高级经理OSH manager职业平安与安康事务经理Shop steward工会代表Cooperation on OSH 在职业平安与安康方面的协作Working environment commitee任务环境委员会.Systematic OSH efforts 系统化的职业平安与安康措施Initia

16、te 启动Survey调查Plan and give priorities规划和制定任务重点Evaluate 评价Set objectives and targets制定目的和详细目的Define responsibilities规定责任范围.The context for implementing the law in Norway这部法律的执行应结合挪威的国情来看 small country 小国家 small social distance 社会差别小 traditions for cooperation 协作的传统 OSH is promoted by trade unions and