专接本英语语法

1、1. 主语 谓语 宾语Jackworksin a factory.2. 主语 系动词 表语Jackwasclever.3. 主语 谓语 宾语（或者状语，宾语补足语等）Jackworksin a factorythis morning.其中，状语：为谓语执行方式、地点、时间的别词。（多为时间，地点，方式类词语）理解一个句子的有效成分还是找其主干，即为：人做了什么。（以某种方式在什么时间什么地点之类的属于非关键词语）多数形容词、副词（定语，状语）用于修饰明晰主干即可。关于名词性从句：（主语从句，定语从句，状语从句）一主语从句1.Jack works in a factory.2.Seeing a

2、film is better than listening to the radio. (动名词作主语)3.To learn Englishwell is not easy. (不定式to作主语)4.That we need more money is quite obvious.（That 句子用于句首，不可省略）5.Whether they would support us was a problem.6. whichever you want isyours.7.When we arrive does not matter.8.How it was done was a secret.连

3、接代词、连接副词陈述语气引导9.What we need is money.10.It is not easy to learn English well.11.It is obvious that we need money. （形式主语It 引导的主语从句。）二状语从句表达不同意思可由不同的特殊的词语引导：时间、让步、条件、目的、原因、结果、地点、比较、方式（通常在句首、句末，与其它句子用“，”隔开）举例：1.In China, more and more cars are in cities.(地点)2.To solve the problem，we must use a compute

4、r. (目的，为了)3.He is successful because he is very lucky.(原因)4.Moved by his words, the little girl cried. (结果，属于被动，被感动)）5.Being a student , I must study hard. (主动，作为)较为麻烦的状语从句，无非to、被动（过去分词）、主动（现在分词）三种情况。看其表达的意思是目的还是状态结果即可。遇到的“，”，前后让你选择的往往由主被动决定，由具体句子含义决定。但要与定语从句中非限制定语从句区分（下一部分从句内容）。题目中遇到的With结构往往是状语从句，

5、根据主动，被动决定选取ed还是ing.总之，状语从句基本就是考察ed和ing两种形式的问题，看后句的主语是人还是物，是主动发出还是被动即可。特例：Faced with/Compared with/ Judging from/Facing to，Sb或者Sth.(无论主语是什么，用的固定的表达方式)三定语从句关系代词：which that who whose whom关系副词：when where why注：(定语从句中无what，what用于主语从句)首先，确定先行词（名词，句子要修饰的那个词），观察从句中缺少什么。（是否缺少主语，表语，宾语）举例：（先行词）1.Sportsmenfrom a

6、ll over the world will compete in the game.(修饰先行词)2.We all knowthe placewhere is famous.（先行词）(修饰先行词)3.A manwho called Jack wrote the book.4.The woman who is sitting there ,watching TV is a teacher.whom 为宾格，用于动词后，一般很少用。Whose用于谁的东西。5.We all know the book,which is famous.6.We all know the man, who is f

7、amous.关于which ，可以用于“，”后，that 不可以用于逗号后。这个就是所谓的非限制性定语从句。多个逗号就是，和状语从句中有“，”的区分开。7.The seasonwhy he did itwas that he needed money（句子什么不缺，所以用Why 关系副词）.7.The meetingwhich is to be hold nest Monday will be very important.（从句中缺少主语所以用关系代词）关系副词，关系代词就是看其在从句中是否做句子有效成分，即主语，表语，宾语。代词，代词，就是句子缺少东西，所以用一些词来替代。做几篇比较长的文

8、章，进行分析一下句子就够就能对这些从句迎刃而解了。关于一些固定语句以及比较零碎的小知识like better than =prefer doing to(介词) doing=prefer to do rather than doNo sooner . than Despite Though until等一系列转折词语或者小词做题注意积累，一般考察语意。It类别的特殊句型It happened that. Its said that. It remain to be seen that.It seems that. It turned out that. Its time that sbdid(

9、虚拟语气)as (形容词原级) asnot as (原级) as =not so（原级）as= （反义词的比较级）thanIts not as big as his house.=Its smaller than his house.太.以至于不能.(3种表达方式)Its too small to live in.Its so small that we cant live in.Its not big（与small意义相反） enough to do.too much 名词much to 形容词during the summer = in summertry to do(努力做) / try

10、 doing（尝试去做）devoted to doing(献身于)look forward to doing(盼望着)make a contribution to doing （对.贡献）prefer doing to doing / prefer to do rather than do注：以上to不是不定式，是介词have sb. do(请人做) have sth. done (请人做)I have Jack do my work.(我让Jack做了我的工作)I have my work done.（我让别人做了我的工作）（都不是自己做的，让别人做的）In ones thirties/tw

11、enties(在一个人的三十岁、二十岁时) take .in count 对于hurt的表达方式：I was hurt.(正确表达)I hurt myself.(正确表达)Im hurting myself.(错误表达)speak highly of（高度赞扬）take possession of(拥有)refer up(参照)according togive(已经给)offer(当应给但是未给)As time goes on，With time going on，（随着时间流逝，前者是句子，或者是状语从句）Its a waste of time in doing sth./on sth(可省

12、略in)Its a waste of time watching TV.regret doing(后悔做过)regret to(很要做)Do you have something to be brought.？（你有什么东西要带吗）So am I.用于前者.后者也.(两人中第二个)So I am.表强调（我就是.）result from (源于，表示原因)result in (导致，表示结果)Sb.have no doubt that (某人毫不怀疑)set out to doset about doing(开始做)Could 用于表请求、许可时，肯定回答can/may,否定回答 mustnt

13、/ cant/may not，不能用might/could-Could I use your pen?-Yes,you can./No , you cant.关于情态动词 have done （表相反意义：做了或者没做）should have done(本应该做却没做)shouldnt have done(本不应该做却做了)need/ neednt (本应需要做却没做.本不应需要做却做了.) could/couldnt(本能做却没做.本不能做却做了)would/wouldnt(本要做却没做.本不应要做却做了) must have done (一定是做了)in return = as a rew

14、ard(作为回报)drop in/on= visit sb.(拜访某人)envy of sb./sth.(嫉妒某人或某事)accuse of(指责)/accuse for (归咎于)show/have mercy on sb./to sth.Something 副词形容词，如：something seriously wrong冠词 adj. enough 名词，如：a large enough coat常用动词后 doing的词，并举例admit(承认)、deny（否认）、advise（建议）、imagine（想象）、escape（逃离）、stand（忍受）、allow（允许）、mind（介意）、finish（完成）、suggest（建议）、enjoy（喜爱）、keep（保持）、risk（冒险）、avoid(避免)、permit（允许