北京市西城区北京四中2022-2023学年高考临考冲刺英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1What an unforgettable experience! Ill write it down_it is still fresh in my memory.AsinceBwhileCafterDuntil2In order to finish the work time,the man in charge decided to some more workers.Agive upBtake onClook afterDfind out3The small restaurant is always crowded in

3、 every part.Thats _ it has a unique dining environment and quite a few wonderful dishes.AwhyBbecauseCwhereDwhen4What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.Yes, I wish I _ with you earlier.AcommunicateBhad communicatedCcommunicatedDwould communicate5一Did you forget your promise, d

4、ear?一 I have finished my homework on time, mom.AExcuse me.BSurely.CWhy not?DHow could I?6What I like about Harvard is theres the old classical lookthere are parks and traditional buildings.AwhyBwhereCthatDhow7_ students should be given more free time is suggested by many experts and welcomed by kids

5、 in schoolAWhat BWhy CWhether DThat8The boy the first prize, but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.Amust have gainedBneed have gainedCcould have gainedDshall have gained9We must _ the time that youve wasted this afternoon by working late to-night.Amake up forBmake outCdo upDmake up to1

6、0May I use your new dictionary?It s over there_AFeel free BNever mind CMy pleasure DIts OK11For many days I have been trying to _ what it is that makes Jack so annoyed.Acarry outBfigure outCwatch outDstand out12Lucy_ _writing her essay by 10:00 this morning. After that, she listened to music for a w

7、hile.Awill finishBfinishesChas finishedDhad finished13Molly finally agreed, _ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor.AafterwardsBalmostCotherwiseDsomewhat14Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.AshallBmustCshouldDcan15(2013福建) _ basic first-aid techniques w

8、ill help you respond quickly to emergencies.AKnownBHaving knownCKnowingDBeing known16This is a very interesting book. Ill buy it, _.Ahowever much it may costBno matter how it may costChow much may it costDhowever many it may cost17Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-

9、floor windows, _ he could see nothing but trees.AwhereBfrom whereCwhichDfrom which18-Sorry! Im afraid that I cant go to the magic show by David Copperfield with you.- .AIt doesnt matter.BDo as you like.CWhat a shame.DTake it easy.19The police are investigating the company, three of _ managers have a

10、lready been arrested.AwhoseBthatCwhichDwhere20Tony, do remember to send the report to the sales manager!_.AMade itBGot itCHeard itDFollowed it第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） The clock is ticking. David Brunelli has just swallowed a huge burger. The crowd cheers excitedly as h

11、e downs fistfuls of fries.Welcome to the world of competitive eating.Brunelli is part of a select group who compete to eat massive quantities of food as quickly as possible. Eating contests may seem like harmless fun, but they have a dark side and some critics are saying its time for them to stop.Po

12、uring crazy amounts of food down our throats is nothing new. Gorging banquets (狼吞虎咽会) was a regular part of ancient Roman culture. In the 1800s, some New York City politicians settled bets through eating challenges. Pie-eating contests have been a Fourth of July tradition for more than a century.For

13、 supporters like Brunelli, though, eating contests are more than a custom. They are a path to fortune.But prize money does nothing to reduce the health risks of competitive eating. Competitive eating can even be life-threatening. In 1991, a man in Virginia suffered a stroke (中风) after eating 38 eggs

14、 in 29 seconds; In Florida, in 2012, a man died shortly after winning an eating contest leading a group of doctors to call for a ban on eating contests.In any event, the risk to competitors is only part of the story. Nearly two-thirds of Americans are overweight, and competitive eating sets a terrib

15、le example by encouraging overeating. And in a world where 805 million people go hungry every day, downing ridiculous quantities of food for entertainment seems not just wasteful but also cruel.For now, though, it seems eating contests are here to stay. Last year, more than three million viewers wat

16、ched Nathans Famous Hot Dog Eating Contest on TV. This year, Matt Stonie ate 182 pieces of bacon in 5 minutes, breaking the world record.What record will be broken next? Do you really want to find out?1、What does the author try to express in Paragraph 4?ACompetitive eating is a tradition.BIts great

17、to learn from ancient people.CCompetitive eating should be accepted.DIts exciting to challenge others to eat.2、Why does Brunelli take part in the eating contest?AFor food.BFor fun.CFor honor.DFor money.3、The examples given in Paragraph 6 are used to show eating contests _.Ause unhealthy foodBwaste t

18、oo much foodCput competitors at riskDset a bad example to kids4、What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe author hopes to break the record.BThe author is eager to know the result.CThe author wants readers to find out the result.DThe author disapproves of competitive eating.22（8分） Time Out Ne

19、w York, your ultimate guide to life in the city, helps you discover the best events and things to do in MarchMar 3-15. New York International Literary FestivalThe literary event champion of New York is back! Many best-selling authors are set to appear at this years festival, including the award- win

20、ning writer Amy Tan (The Joy Luck Club the film version of the novel starring Michelle Yeoh), Internet business expert writer Duncan Clark (Alibaba: The House That Jack Ma Built ) the Anthill founder Alec Ash ( Wish Lanterns) and many more. Stay tuned for our full festival preview and author feature

21、sMar 3-15, various times, 20 dollars or 35 dollars (for literary lunches). Glam.Until Mar 16: Vivienne Westwood- Get a LifeThe well-known fashion designer is the subject of this crossover exhibition of American contemporary art and eco-friendly fashion inspired by Westwoods strong attitude towards a

22、 climate revolution Participating artists also include Adam Lawry and Jill SmithUntil March 16, free entry. Chi K /l Art MuseumMar 17: Dog Day SaturdaysOn the third Saturday of the month, The Rooster(13th Street) throws a backyard Party where dogs are welcome. There will be free hot dogs. 5 dollars

23、Flying Dog Beers and dog treats for the little buddies Donations will also be collected for local animal rescue group, Best Friends AmericaMar 17, 3-5 P. m., 15 dollars. The Rooster(13th Street)Mar 28-29: Mom to Mom SaleSell or stock up on clothes, toys, books, strollers and other family goods at th

24、is twice-a-year market organized by New York mother Sellers will contribute 15 percent of all their profit to Heart to Heart Come and pick up some useful stuff for your family.Mar.28-29,2-6p,m,(Tues.),10a.m.-2p.m,(Wed.) free entry. New York Racquer Club-clubhouse1、Who will possibly turn up at Glam o

25、n March 10th?AMichelle Yeoh.BJack Ma.CAlec Ash.DAdam Lawry.2、Which event might interest those who care about the environment?ANew York International Literary Festival.BVivienne Westwood Get a Life.CDog Day Saturdays.DMom to Mom Sale.3、What do the events Dog Day Saturdays and Mom to Mom Sale have in

26、common?AParticipants can support charity work.BParticipants are admitted free of chargeCThey are organized annually in New YorkDThey take place at the same time23（8分） Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi. However, their lives were turned upside down when they

27、discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (齿乳象).Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a piece of earth that was recently plowed (犁、耕). “I thought it was a log,” Caid said. “I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it.” The bone w

28、eighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their tub (浴盆), but it took their collective strength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone.“They didnt expect to find that,” Michaels mom said. “Now that they have, I believe that they will be mor

29、e aware of their surroundings and what theyre digging up when they are digging and playing.”“Weve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and thats what I thought it was,” the brothers mother said. “This is our first set of teeth weve found. So we thought it was their

30、 imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination.”They were exploring near the brothers home. Lo and behold (真想不到), they saw what they thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (古生物负责人) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips,

31、who first identified the bone as a “very mature individual.”The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern-day counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸).1、How did they find the jawbon

32、e of a Mastodon?AWith great efforts.BBy chance.CInstructed by an expert.DThrough imagination.2、At first the brothers mother thought the jawbone was_.Afrom people who died in the Civil WarBthe bone from a very mature individualClike a log or somethingDthe prehistoric bone3、The discovery of the jawbon

33、e of a Mastodon is important mainly because it_.Ahelps people to know more about the Civil WarBteaches kids to be more aware of their surroundingsCpromotes the research on more prehistoric creaturesDattracts the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science4、Which of the following can be the best title for

34、the article?APrehistoric Bones Recently Found in MississippiBNot Petrified Wood Nor Civil War RelicsCFirst Identifying Bone as a “Very Mature Individual”DUnexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone24（8分）When John Muir was 11 years old, his family moved from Scotland to the United States and settled in

35、 Wisconsin. John was good with tools and soon became an inventor. He first invented a model of a sawmill. Later, he invented an alarm clock that would cause the sleeping person to be tipped out of bed when the timer sounded.Muir left home at an early age. He took a 1,000-mile walk south to the Gulf

36、of Mexico in 1867 and 1868. Then he sailed for San Francisco. The city was too noisy and crowded for Muir, so he headed inland for the Sierra Nevadas.When Muir discovered the Yosemite Valley in the Sierra Nevadas, it was as if he had come home. He loved the mountains, the wildlife, and the trees. He

37、 climbed the mountains and even climbed trees during thunderstorms in order to get closer to the wind. He put forth the theory in the late 1860s that the Yosemite Valley had been formed through the action of glaciers (冰川). People ridiculed him. Not until 1930 was Muirs theory proven correct.Muir beg

38、an to write articles about the Yosemite Valley to tell readers about its beauty. His writing also warned people that Yosemite was in danger from timber mining and sheep ranching interests. In 1901, Theodore Roosevelt became president of the United States. He was interested in conservation. Muir took

39、 the president through Yosemite, and Roosevelt helped get laws passed to create Yosemite National Park in 1906.Although Muir won many conservation battles, he lost a major one. He fought to save the Hetch Hetchy Valley, which people wanted to dam in order to provide water for San Francisco. In late

40、1913, a bill was signed to dam the valley. Muir died in 1914. Some people say losing the fight to protect the valley killed Muir.1、When did Muir invent a unique form of alarm clock?AWhile the family still lived in Scotland.BAfter he sailed to San Francisco.CAfter he traveled in Yosemite.DWhile the M

41、uir family lived in Wisconsin.2、What did John Muir do soon after he arrived in San Francisco?AHe wrote short stories for the local newspaper.BHe put forth a theory about how Yosemite was formed.CHe headed inland for the Sierra Nevadas.DHe began to write articles about the Sierra Nevadas.3、When did J

42、ohn Muir meet Theodore Roosevelt?ABetween 1901 and 1906.BBetween 1906 and 1914.CBetween 1868 and 1901.DBetween 1906 and 1907.4、John Muir is most probably remembered as .Aa famous politician in the United StatesBa naturalist to help preserve large nature areasCa loser in the fight to protect the Hetc

43、h Hetchy ValleyDan inventor of a model of sawmill and an alarm clock25（10分）Microsoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with ALS（渐冻症）, also known as motor neurone disease, to communicate with others from a phone.The GazeSp

44、eak app combines a smartphones camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and transform them into letters, words and sentences.For people suffering from ALS, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate.“Current eye-tracking input systems for people

45、with ALS are expensive, not effective under sunlight, and require frequent re-calibration(再校正) and abundant, relatively stable setups,” said Xiaoyi Zhang, a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology.“To mitigate the drawbackswe created GazeSpeak, an eye-gesture communication system that r

46、uns on a smartphone, and is designed to be low-cost, effective, and easy to carry and learn.”The app is used by the listener by pointing their smartphone at the speaker. A chart that can be stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the speaker to determine which eye movements to make in or

47、der to communicate.The chart shows four grids of letters, which each correspond to a different eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right, the speaker selects which grids the letters they want belong to. The artificial intelligence is then able to predict the word or sentence they are trying t

48、o say.Zhangs research, Smartphone-Based Gaze Gesture Communication for People with Motor Disabilities, is set to be presented at the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems in May.1、The main purpose of the passage is to _.Aarouse peoples attention on the shortcomings of Current eye-tracking

49、 input systems.Bintroduce a new smartphone App for people suffering from ALS to communicate.Ccall for peoples awareness of helping people with ALS to communicate successfully.Dcompare the current eye-tracking input systems with the new GazeSpeak app.2、The underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph5 pro

50、bably means _Aignore BacceptCstrengthen Dweaken3、According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?AThere are many ways to communicate for people suffering from ALS.BThe speaker points their smartphone at the listener when using the app.CThe current eye-tracking input systems for pe

51、ople with ALS need improving.DThe new smartphone app for people with ALS has been put on the market.第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. 1 you are in the habit of rush

52、ing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to 2 down and unwind(放松).But relaxation is 3 for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a 4 part of everyday life. There is no way to 5 it. In fact, it is not the “baddy” as it is often supposed to be. A 6 amount of stress is important

53、 to provide motivation and give 7 to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control 8 it can lead to poor performance and 9 health.The amount of stress a person can bear 10 very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such 11 are obviously chief material for manageria

54、l responsibilities. Others lose heart at first 12 of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in 13 form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact, we make a choice between 14 and fight. And in more ancient days the choices made the 15 between life and death. The crises(危机)we meet today

55、 are 16 to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction 17 long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes 18 . Such serious conditions as high blood pressure, coronary heart disease all have 19 links with stress. 20 we canno

56、t remove stress from our lives, we need to find ways to deal with it.1、AWhenBWhileCOnceDAs2、AslowBcalmCgetDturn3、AunnecessaryBsatisfiedCusefulDnecessary4、AphysicalBnaturalChardDterrible5、AtolerateBsolveCavoidDaccept6、AsureBcertainClargeDgreat7、ApurposeBresourceCinfluenceDinstruction8、AwhenBwhyCthatD

57、how9、AillBgoodCstrongDweak10、AinsistsBdependsCcallsDspends11、ApatternsBpersonalitiesCsituationsDcharacters12、AglanceBviewCsightDimpression13、AwhicheverBwhateverChoweverDwhenever14、ApeaceBfrightCpressureDheaviness15、AdecisionBpromiseCdifferenceDchoice16、AunlikelyBlikelyCnecessaryDprobable17、Acontinue

58、sBlivesCstandsDlasts18、AbalancedBinjuredCendangeredDchangeable19、AestablishedBachievedCfoundDdeveloped20、AUnlessBSinceCBecauseDAs第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）The movie, directed by Stephen Chbosky 1(praise) by audiences for hitting the soft spot as as a heartwarming story

59、 that manages to avoid 2(turn) too sentimental.3(base) on the best-selling novel of the same name, Wondertells the story of a 10-year-old boy named Auggie 4 was born with 5(face) problem, and he begins fifth grade after 6(year) of being home-schooled by 7(he) mother.Not 8(expect), Auggies unusual ap

60、pearance is laughed at by many peers. But with the strong support of his parents and sister, Auggie eventually inspires the people 9 him with courage, kindness and wisdom to earn their 10(friend), respect and love. 第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）28（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有