陕西省五校重点中学2022-2023学年高考英语四模试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Raising the incomes of the poor is likely to be ineffective in a wealthy society, _ accompanied by other measures.AonceBwhenCifDunless2I can

2、_ Dianas thoughts from the changes in her facial expressions.Aread Bnotice Ccount Dwatch3In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man _ an Olympic gold medal in swimming.AwinningBto winChaving wonDbeing won4The kid is crying, for he _ jump over the ditch on his own. Adares not toBdare not toCdoesn

3、t dare toDdares not5Nowadays, buyers accustomed to prices moving upward just adopt a wait-and-see attitude.If they continue to _, then our company is closing down.Afish in the airBsit on the fenceCfly off the handleDbeat around the bush6After the argument Colin ran away and_since.AIsnt heard ofBwasn

4、t heard ofChasnt been heard ofDhadnt been heard of7_ they choose Chinese company is that China has the most advanced technology of high speed railway in the world.AWhenBThatCWhereDWhy8The younger generation are raised in a more open environment, which has enabled them to develop_ their values in lif

5、e.Ain charge ofBin contrast toCin exchange forDin tune with9What the country did _ the international trade regulations, for which it was widely condemned.AapprovedBviolatedCbotheredDinterrupted10The medicine should usually be kept out of the _ of children at home.AdistanceBreachClimitDarrival11Anoth

6、er study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree _ people view “volunteer” as an important social role.Aby whichBto whichCin whichDfrom which12I would persuade her to make room for you _it be necessary.AcouldBmightCshouldDwould13There are lots of exa

7、mples of English idioms _ animals are used.AwhichBwhenCwhoseDwhere14 _ Its only an interview! Only an interview? Only an interview? What if I panic? What if I say a silly word by accident?AWell done! BCome on!CHow come? DNo doubt!15Due to a terrible flu that _ on, many students dont show up to schoo

8、l today.AgoesBwas goingCis goingDhas gone16New energy-sharing projects _ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel Chinas sharing economy in the next few years.Aare to carry outBare being carried outCwere carried outDwill have been carried out17He would be in better health now _ with too much w

9、ork when young.Ahad he not burdened himselfBif he was not burdenedCwere he not burdenedDhad he not been burdened himself18His children were his pride, and being a devoted father became a top _ in his life.AcapacityBanxietyCpriorityDopportunity19Believe it or not, it is _ that causes your illness.Abe

10、cause of your being overweightBbecause you are overweightCyou are so overweightDyour being overweight20 Looking back on _ in years gone by and the good time that I had makes today seem rather sad. Absolutely. So much has changed.Ahow it wasBwho it wasChow was itDwho was it第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所

11、给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）According a recent report in New Scientist, a breakthrough birth occurred under the radar some five months ago. With the help of John Zhang from the New Hope Fertility Center in New York City, a Jordanian couple gave birth to a child with one more than two genetic parents

12、.So-called three-parent babies actually have more like 2.001 parents, according to experts. And the baby boy born earlier this year isnt the first child to have a little more DNA than Mom and Dad could provide on their own. An IVF technique that relied on small transfers of donors DNA was pioneered

13、in the United States during the 1990s but was banned after fewer than 100 babies were born.This Jordanian newborn represents the first successful birth in a new wave of “three-parent” techniquesones that are more sophisticated and that will likely stick around much longer.For now, there is no countr

14、y where the method used to give birth to the baby boy is really legal. Zhang performed the procedure in Mexico, where, he told New Scientists, “There are no rules.”These techniques involve the transfer of mitochondrial（线粒体的）DNA or mtDNAOften called the “power plants” of the cell, the mitochondria tr

15、ansform energy from food into energy that can power a cell. When someones mitochondria dont function properly, its bad news indeed for cells. Mitochondrial diseases can cause a whole host of life-threatening problems, and its estimated that as many as 4,000 children are born with such conditions in

16、the United States each year. In this case, the couple had lost two children at young ages due to Leigh syndrome, a neurological disorder caused by a mutation（变异）in the mothers mitochondrial DNA1、Why do experts call the baby boy a three-parent baby?ABecause his father has married two women.BBecause h

17、is DNA is from three donors.CBecause he has DNA from his parents and a donor.DBecause his mother gave birth to him with the help of Zhang.2、The underlined word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “_”.Adeveloped BimportantCspecific Dexpensive3、Why did the Jordanian couple lose two

18、 children?AThe mother suffered from many diseases.BThe mother couldnt get enough energy.CThe mothers body function couldnt work properly.DThe mother had the disease caused by a mutation in mtDNA4、What can be inferred form the text?AThe IVF technique was used around the world during the 1990s.BMitoch

19、ondrial diseases can be transferred from mothers to babies.CThe baby boy was born in Jordan five months ago.DFathers mitochondrial diseases cant affect young babies.22（8分）Since last March, I have been visiting a pet clinic because of my cat Eddie. The clinic is in northern Massachusetts, about two h

20、ours from our home on Cape Cod. I expected it would be terrible depressing but its just the opposite. I have been so surprised at what I have learned there.Now I believe happiness is something to love in any form. If Ive ever know an angel, it is Keri, Eddies technician. Both Eddie and I are under h

21、er loving care. She gives Eddie his medicines.She gives me emotional guidance as well.I can offer tell when its someones first visit. Theyre usually crying. I think the reason why the rest of us dont cry has nothing to do with hope. I think it has to do with another ingredient of happiness. When we

22、think about our pets distant future, even if theyre healthy, w will feel sad. Keri, in her prayerful voice says, “Focus on loving Eddie right now.” “Right now” is the only way people think at he clinic.Instant connection is what happens in the waiting room. We join together to tenderly life a lame d

23、og. We take turns distracting a cat with sparkly toys so she doesnt chew her bandage. Nobody asks for help. Everybody offers. We just do it.When the end of life is very near, owners often believe their pets happiness is more important than something like a strict diet. A young fellow whose pet dog s

24、uffers from canner says, “He can have anything he wants now.” So I guess an element of happiness is not so much the length of a life but the joy and peace that life contains.At this place, the focus is not on dying, and its not on living. The focus, for pets and for people, is on living happily.1、Wh

25、at does Keri stress most according to Paragraph 3?ALiving is happy.BTime is precious.CHope is certain.DLove is everything.2、What does instant connection in the waiting area wean?AThey live in harmony.BThey help each other.CThey are full of love.DThey ask for help.3、Why does a young fellow have his p

26、et eat anything it wants?AHe wants his pet to gain weight.BHe likes to do whatever he wants.CAn Lovely Angel of a Pet Clinic.DThe Ingredients of Happiness.23（8分）“Heaven is where the police are English,the cooks are French the mechanics are German,the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by

27、 the Swiss.Hell is where the.police are German,the cooks are English,the mechanics are French,the lovers are Swiss,and everything is organized by the Italians.”Obviously the national stereotypes（模式化的思想）in this,old joke are generalizations,but such stereotypes are often said to exist for a reason.Is

28、there actually a sliver of truth in them?Not likely,an international research team now says.National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others,and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,said study author Robert McCrae of the Natio

29、nal Institute on Aging.These are in fact unfounded stereotypes.They dont come from looking around you,McCrae said.If national stereotypes arent rooted in real experiences,then where do they come from?One possibility is that they reflect national values,which may become known from historical events.F

30、or example,many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect.Robin

31、s notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed.We may be hard-wired,to some degree,to keep incorrect stereotypes,since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes.Gener

32、ally,according to Robins,when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes,we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups.1、What is the function of the first paragraph?ATo introduce the topic of national stereotypes.BTo make a comparison between the charac

33、ters of different countries.CTo exemplify the argument against stereotyping.DTo analyze the strengths and weaknesses of people in different countries.2、Which of the following best describes McCraes attitude towards national stereotypes?ASupportive. BIndifferent.CCritical. DUncertain.3、According to s

34、ocial scientists,why arent national stereotypes always correct?ABecause they are formed by individual historians.BBecause people tend to have false idea about other cultures.CBecause generalizations are made through personal experience.DBecause what was true in the past may not be true at present.4、

35、What does the underlined word hard-wired in the last paragraph probably mean?AForgetful. BFixed.CAnxious. DHelpless.24（8分） Some of the greatest moments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hear

36、ts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying(震撼性的) message required emotional intelligencethe ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. If we

37、 can teach our children to manage emotions, the argument goes, well have less bullying and more cooperation. If we can cultivate emotional intelligence among leaders and doctors, well have more caring workplaces and more compassionate healthcare.Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrol

38、led enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖)a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at manipulating (把持) others. When youre good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate

39、them to act against their own best interests.Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion. the audience was less likely to scrutinize (细察) the

40、message and remembered of the content. Ironically(讽刺的是) audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitlers persuasive im

41、pact came from his ability to strategically express emotionshe would ear open his heartand these emotions affected his followers to the point that they wouldstop thinking critically and just emote.”Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacities to reason. If their values are out of step wi

42、th our own. the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives (动机), emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for manipulating others. In a study led by the University of Toronto psychologist Stephane Cote, university employees filled out a survey about t

43、heir Machiavellian(不择手段的) tendencies, and took a test measuring their knowledge about effective strategies for managing emotions. Then, Cotes team assessed how often the employees deliberately undermined (逐渐削弱) their colleagues. The employees involved in the most harmful behaviors were Machiavellian

44、s with high emotional intelligence. They used their emotional skills to lower the dignity of their peers for personal gain.Shining a light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts,

45、 emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal Professor Kiiduits team writes,The strategic disguise of ones own emotions and the manipulation of others emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeares stage but

46、also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”Of course, people arent always using emotional intelligence for nefarious ends. More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment. A research team discovered that founder Anita Roddick u

47、sed emotional intelligence to inspire her employees fundraise for charity. As Roddick explained, Whenever particular project we always tried to break their hearts we wanted to persuade our staff to support a particular project we always tried to break their hearts.”There is growing recognition that

48、emotional intelligence-like any skill-can be used for good or evil. So if were going to teach emotional intelligence in schools and develop it at work, we need to consider the values that go along with it and where its actually useful.1、Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?ATo honor th

49、e great leader for his courage.BTo recommend his speech to other leaders.CTo impress the readers with a major topic.DTo advocate a society with fewer problems.2、Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?ADeveloping the capability to control ones own emotion.BInducing pe

50、ople to do what brings disadvantages to them.CAppealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.DEncouraging the moved audience to a more of the speech.3、What is the dumbstruck effect of Hitlers emotional intelligence?AHis followers would tear open their hearts to him.BHis followers would e

51、xpress emotions strategically.CHis followers would lose the ability to reason properly.DHis followers would develop the self-serving motives.4、How do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?AThey disguise their emotions to earn others trust.BThey help their colleagues to build up c

52、onfidence.CThey present their strategic behaviors on the stage.DThey lower their own dignity to gain popularity.5、Which may mean the same as the underlined word in Paragraph 8?AImmoral.BUnimportant.CIllegal.DUncontrollable.6、What would be the best title for the passage?AThe benefits of emotional int

53、elligenceBThe ways of disguising ones emotionsCThe reasons for using emotional skillsDThe dark side of emotional intelligence25（10分）The Alice Ferguson Foundation is a non-profit group that works to improve the environment by building relationships between people and nature. It teaches people ways to

54、 protect the environment. At the end of the year, it designs events to help children celebrate Christmas without increasing the amount of waste they create.Hanna Seligmann works for the foundation. VOA joined Seligmann recently during one of her talks. “So lets figure out what is in our bag of trash

55、.” She shows adults and children how to reduce waste during the holiday gift-giving season. “You can sort it as a cardboard item or you can sort it as a plastic item,” Seligmann works with volunteers. “We encourage using things that are already in your house like newspaper, old magazines, using a gi

56、ft within a gift. You can wrap something in a reusable napkin, wrap something in a scarf, or a shawl(围巾)or even a reusable to tote bag (大手提袋)。”Lori Arguelles is the executive director for environmental education at the Alice Ferguson Foundation. “Over time we realized that really just doing trash, c

57、leanups was the symptom of the problem, not getting to the root cause. And it was just a little over a decade ago that we started the initiative itself.”One activity is called the Trash Timeline Game. It teaches children that the things they throw away do not decompose at the same rate. For example

58、paper dissolves in about four weeks. An apple core takes two months. A metal can takes up to 100 years. A plastic bag will not decompose for 450 years Glass takes 1,000 years And, they say, Styrofoam (泡沫聚苯乙烯) never dissolves.Young people taking part in the program learn that reducing waste is import

59、ant not just during the holidays, but every day of the year.1、Why is the Alice Ferguson Foundation created?ATo help children celebrate Christmas.BTo reduce the amount of waste.CTo make the environment better,DTo build relationships between people and mature2、What suggestion does Seligmann give on wr

60、apping gifts?AIt is better to use cardboard items to wrap gifts.BIt is better to wrap gifts in some things capable of being used again.CIt is better not to wrap gifts in plastic items.DIt is better not to wrap gifts at all.3、What can we infer from Lori Arguelless words?ADoing trash cleanups means a