CATTI二级笔译综合解题步骤及技巧

1、第 PAGE21 页 共 NUMPAGES21 页CATTI二级笔译综合解题步骤及技巧二级笔译综合解题步骤及技巧，希望可以帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。CATTI二级笔译综合解题步骤及技巧Error Correction局部题型分析p 此题分值20分，20道选择题，建议时间约20分钟。考题是一个句子，可能是简单句，也可能是复合句。要求考生可以识别句中划线局部的错误，并从后面提供的四个选项中选择一个来替代划线局部。本局部主要考察考生对语法、句法错误的识别，语义及逻辑关系的判断，词语搭配错误的甄别，习惯用语的正确使用等。考生须有扎实的语法、句法知识和过硬的语言运用才能才能正确作答。测试重点从近三年的考

2、题来看，改错局部中语法、句法问题占80%以上，词语搭配错误占15%以上。所考局部的内容主要涉及以下方面：(1) 非谓语动词形式(过去分词，如今分词，不定式)的用法，包括非谓语动词在句中作状语、定语和宾语的用法，非谓语动词的语态表现，逻辑主语是否与主句主语一致等;(2) 代词的用法,包括代词的指代(例如代词在比拟状语从句中的指代)，it 作形式宾语(即复合宾语中的用法)和形式主语的用法，反身代词的用法，关系代词在引导定语从句时的使用等;(3) 被动语态构造(其中助动词中可能还会有情态动词)，包括不定式和如今分词等非谓语形式的被动语态构造;(4) 主谓一致，包括带of phrase的名词词组作主语

3、时的主谓一致，主语后面带并列或附带成分时的主谓一致，集体名词作主语时的主谓一致，倒装句中的主谓一致等;(5) 独立主格构造;(6) 定语的用法，包括前置定语，以及作后置定语的常用词和短语;(7) 副词的用法(包括关系副词的用法、介词+关系代词替代关系副词等形式)及其在句中的位置;(8) 形容词的用法，包括以-ly结尾的且易混淆为副词的常见形容词，作后置定语的形容词，表示情感或看法的形容词与不定式连用，以及形容词用于it is +adj+that 从句等固定句型等;(9) 常见介词的意义及用法(包括复合介词和以-ing结尾的介词的用法，介词接宾语从句的用法等;(10) 情态动词的用法，涉及情态动

4、词的意义，及其在被动语态构造中用作助动词等;(11) 时态的用法，包括如今时，过去时，将来时，完成时，以及have gone 与have been的区别等;(12) 状语从句的用法，涉及时间、原因、让步，目的，伴随，比拟等状语从句;(13) 连词的使用，包括并列连词，引导状语从句的连词等;(14) 定语从句，包括分隔式定语从句等;(15) 表语从句，涉及固定句型的表语从句;(16) 名词从句，涉及主语从句和宾语从句等 ;(17) 同位语及同位语从句的用法;(18) 倒装句，涉及局部倒装和全部倒装句，包括否认词放在句首时的倒装，so(such).that.等句型的倒装等;(19) 限定词的使用，

5、包括冠词等;(20) 含蓄条件句(用作非真实条件句)的形式及用法，祈使句及名词词组用作条件句时的辨析;(21) 虚拟语气的意义及用法;(22) 常见并列构造的形式及用法，包括平行构造等;(23) 常见比拟构造如more.than., less.than., as.as.等;(24) hope或wish接宾语从句或双宾语时的用法;(25) 词语搭配,主要涉及形容词与介词的搭配，动词与介词(副词)的搭配等。解题步骤(1) 通读全句，把握句子意义，识别句子构造和主要成分及附属成分;(2) 边读边判断句子构造、句型、句意、时态、语态、固定短语以及词语搭配等，分析p 备选项，做出正确判断，以到达语句正确

6、，意义准确 ;(3) 复查核对句子主干局部、从句主干局部、以及短语构造形式是否完好正确。视野扩大到全句，根据句子的形式和语义上的逻辑关系，反复推敲，排除模棱两可的选项，疏通句意。解题技巧考生应该清楚的是本局部考察的不仅仅是语法知识，还参加了对语义逻辑的考察，是两者的“混合双打”。最为重要的是在解题时首先要判断出句子或从句的主干构造，再判断其语义上是否通顺连接。因此考生对每个句子既要快读也要细读。如2022年上的55题：They are intelligent animals and can see work together as they hunt schools of small fish

7、.A. can be seen workingB. to be seen workingC. can be seeing workD. to be seeing work【解析】此题在读一次之后就能判断出这是一个主从复合句，再读时就会发现主句中的内容是两个并列单句，由and连接;但从语义通顺上来看，划线局部却不能像第一个单句一样用主动语态，应该是被看见劳动，应选A。从划线局部着手划线局部经常会出现代词指代混乱和限定性定语从句的引导词指代混乱等错误。因此，假如句中划线局部出现了这两类词，建议在没有发现明显错误之前，可以从这两类词下手进展详细分析p 。通过确认其真实指代对象与其语法指代对象是否一致

8、来排除一些错误选项。比方2022上的41题：The office, laboratory, and museum are situated at the top of the hill in which they mand a fine view.A. where it mandsB. which it mandsC. where they mandD. which they mand【解析】从句子中可以看出本句有一个定语从句，从句中有主谓宾成分。它修饰的先行词是hill, 表示地点，因此从句的引导词应该是关系副词，而划线局部中却用了in which，初一看好似是正确的，但假如再仔细读一下，就

9、会发现应该是从山上往下看，因此应该用from which才对，但选项中却没有，应选A。灵敏运用排除法句中经常会出现明显的语法错误或逻辑错误，尤其是在题干的划线局部。对此，考生可以通过排除法缩小正确选项的范围，再结合句子实际要表达的意思找出正确答案。比方2022上的43题The runner, which for the petition for the first time in a major track meet, waited patiently in the starting blocks.A. who was for the petitionB. that was about to

10、peteC.that was for the petitionD. who was about to pete【解析】此题中一眼就能看出划线局部的引导词有问题，由于先行词是人，所以从四个选项中就很容易排除B和C，然再从谓语局部的语义“在起跑处耐心等待”上来判断，可知比赛尚未开场，应选D，因为其中的be about to do 表示即将开场。巧用语法的对称性英语和汉语一样，也讲究句子构造的对称。这一点在句子改错中的比拟项对照和平行构造中表现得尤为突出，即尽可能在语法功能上和表达形式上前后一致。因此，考生可以通过未划线局部中的语法功能和表达形式来确定划线局部中与之相对应的语法功能及表达形式，以到达

11、快速排除错误选项的目的。比方2022上的59题和2022上的52题：I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, also not least but last, self-induced pressure.A. orB. andC. yetD. with【解析】此题就是一个典型的平行构造，句中冒号后面出现的是内容相似，构造一样，无先后顺序，无因果关系的并列成分。在英语的书面表达中，句子中出现两个以上的并列成

12、分，最后一个并列成分前面需要用一个连词将并列项连接起来，应选B。More surprising, perhaps, as traditional marriage the difficulty is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving.A. as the current difficulties of traditional marriageB. the current difficulties of traditional marriageC. than the current difficulties of traditi

13、onal marriageD. what the current difficulties of traditional marriage【解析】此题中句子一开场就出现了more surprising，我们就很容易预期后面能有than, 形成一个比拟构造，但接下来就没有连词than出现，在划线局部中出现的竟然是as.，这是典型的不对称。应选C。利用未划线局部寻找线索和启发有时候仅就选项局部而言,会有几个选项在表达上和句意上都是无可挑剔的。在此种情况下,再进展选项比拟已毫无意义,而应该把目光放宽一些,到未划线局部中去寻找一些线索。比方划线局部与未划线局部在人称上是否一致,在主谓单复数上是否一致等

14、等。比方2022上的57题：Were headed downtown on Saturday to see whats being shown in the main art galleries. Im told that Anne is very interested in modern art, so I hope she have joined our group.A. will joinB. would joinC. will have joinedD. would have joined【解析】此题中划线局部用的时态是如今完成时，表示“已经参加”。但从第一句的意思we are hea

15、ded.to see.来看，意思是我们方案周六去欣赏现代美术展览，因此很容易判断出划线局部时态不正确，应选A。检查常见的语法及搭配是否正确检查主谓是否一致，代词是否一致，形容词、副词使用是否混淆，时态、语态是否正确，复合句中主句和从句的主谓构造是否完好，否认词用在句首时句子是否倒装，出现表示比拟的词时，比拟构造是否正确，作状语的是短语还是从句，状语从句中的连词使用是否正确，非谓语动词形式的逻辑主语与句子主语是否一致，介词的使用是否正确，定语从句的先行词是哪一个，定语从句的引导词是否正确，是否独立主格构造等。兹举例如下：1、The project which will cost 34 milli

16、on yuan designs to build more than 100 homes, restaurants and retail shops around the city. (2022下46题，考点是被动语态)A. is designedB. is designingC. will be designedD. will design【解析】在做此题时首先找出句子的主干构造the project designs to build more than.。划线局部是句子中的谓语动词，但由于句子的主语是project，因此谓语动词应该用被动式is designed(被设计成)而不是主动式。此

17、题的考点涉及动词的语态是否正确。2、Because excessively hunting has depleted many wildlife species, preservation zones for wild animals are being established in some provinces. (2022下48题，考点是形容词与副词的用法区别)A. excessive huntingB. excessively being huntingC. to excessively huntingD. to have hunted excessively【解析】这道题一眼就能看出，

18、划线局部在原因状语从句中作主语，名词hunting前面的定语却是副词excessively, 这明显是名词的修饰语使用不当，所以应中选择A，用形容词来修饰名词。3、The munity is launching a caign to reduce noise in the areas around apartments, many residents plain that they cannot sleep at night.(2022下50题，考点是连词的用法区别)A. lest many residents plainB. though many residents plainC. bec

19、ause many residents plainD. as many residents plain【解析】考生在读完这句话后，很容易从语义上判断出前面的分句给出结果，后面的分句是在说明造成结果的原因，因此划线局部缺少一个表示原因的连词。四个选项中， because引导的原因状语从句指的是自然、直接的原因，与主句之间表示必然的因果关系，引导的从句多放在句末，应选C。此题不仅涉及语义上的逻辑关系，更主要的是能区分不同连词在引导原因状语从句时的用法区别。4、Although we know a lot about his life, the reason for his death has re

20、mained a mystery, the most extreme possibility is murder. (2022上53题，考点是独立主格构造)A.being murder the most extreme possibilityB.with the most extreme possibility murderC.being the most extreme possibility murderD.with murder the most extreme possibility【解析】此题中有三个分句，从语义上来看，头两个分句已经形成让步与转折关系，以主从复合句的形式完好地表达了

21、主要意思。第三个分句只是对可能的原因进展一个猜想，无论是从形式上还是从意义上都处于附属地位，因此它就不能像第二个分句一样以完好的句子形式出现，应选D，以with+独立主格构造形式来补充信息。动词与介词的搭配是否得当，形容词与介词的搭配是否得当如2022上的45 题：Irrespective on its disadvantages, however, geic engineering has proliferated swiftly.A. withB. toC. ofD. from【解析】此题中划线局部的irrespective 是形容词，意思为“不顾、无论，与无关”，经常与介词of 搭配使用

22、，应选C。再如2022上的50 题An “epigram” is usually defined to be bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed.A. defined asB. defined beingC. defined to beingD. defined for being【解析】本句是对epigram一词下定义，划线局部中define意思为“(给词、短语等)下定义，构成释义”，是不及物动词，后面通常需要跟上介词as，且常使用被动语态，应选A。2022年翻译资格考试笔译二级测试题汉译英：科技

23、在中国开展中起到了“第一消费力”的作用，科技活力的迸发同样于改革。Science and technology have served as the primary productive force in driving Chinas development. A robust scientific and technological sector would not be possible without reform.Reform has also unleashed the vitality of science and technology, which have served as

24、the primary driving force behind Chinas robust development.30多年来，我们不断深化科研机构改革，在加强根底研究的同时，让科技人员进入市场去拼搏、去创造自己的价值，让科技企业在市场竞争中开展壮大，激发了市场和创新的活力。Over the past 30 years and more, we have deepened reform of science and technology institutions. While strengthening basic research, we have encouraged the scien

25、tific and technological personnel to pete in the market and create their own value. In this way, we have developed and grown scientific and technological panies through market petition, and boosted the vigor of the market and innovation.We have been deepening the reform of research institutes over t

26、he past 30-odd years. While beefing up basic research, we have encouraged scientific staff to create value on the market and enabled technology enterprises to grow and expand amid market petition. As a result, we have reenergized the market and spurred innovation.我们强力推进改革，就是要减少对创新活动的干预，让想创业、能创新的人都有时

27、机、可作为，形成“群众创业、万众创新”的场面。Through vigorous reform, we hope to reduce intervention in innovation, so that everyone with the willingness and ability to create and innovate will have the chance to succeed, leading to a situation of entrepreneurship and innovation by all.We are vigorously advancing reforms

28、 to deregulate for innovation. We aim to spread opportunity to those entrepreneurial and innovative minds so that mass entrepreneurship and innovation will bee the norm.我们还将建立全覆盖的社会保障和救助制度，这样创业创新者即使失败，也有一张“平安网”可以兜住底，使创新失败者反思后可以进展新的创业。We will also put in place social security and assistance systems c

29、overing the entire population so that all entrepreneurs and innovators will have a “safety ” to fall back on if and when they fail, and those who fail in innovation may reflect on themselves and start new entrepreneurial endeavors.We will also put in place an all-inclusive social security and assist

30、ance system so that those who fail in their entrepreneurship and innovation endeavors still have something to fall back on and bounce back.2022年翻译资格考试笔译二级测试题汉译英：以体制创新推动科技创新。创新创造关键在人。We will use institutional innovation to drive scientific and technological innovation.It is people who make innovation

31、s and create things.要加快科技成果使用途置和收益管理改革，扩大股权和分红鼓励政策施行范围，We will speed up the reform to manage the use and moditization of and the distribution of profit from scientific and technological advances of public institutions and extend the coverage of policies which allow for incentive mechanisms for innovation based on shares and dividends.完善科技成果转化、职务创造法律制度，使创新人才分享成果收益。Legislation on the mercialization of research and development deliverables and on-the-job inventions should be improved so that inventors