新目标英语八年级下册unit10知识点归纳及练习

1、精品文档Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Ivehafibrtthreeyears.我拥有它三年了。【解析】for+二段时间表示动作持续一段时间，用于现在完成时【2012甘肃鸡西市1】Sheherhometownformanyyears.Noonenearlyknowsher.A.hasbeenawayfromB.hasleftC.hadleft【2012湖北十堰2】Benisaforeignteacher.Sofar,he_inShiyanforfiveyears.A.wasteachingB.hastaughtC.willteachD.TaughtAmyw

2、antstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemo艾es.想保留她的那些旧东西，因为它们能使她想起甜蜜的回忆。【解析1】keep(kept;kept)保留keep用法归纳如下：一、用作系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)”，其后常接形容词作表语。Pleasekeepquiet/silent!请保持安静！二、用作实义动词，.保管；保存；保留PleasekeepthesethingsformewhileIamaway.(2).赡养；饲养Iusedtokeepsheepinmychildhood.坚持；继续接V-ing形式作宾语。Ifyoukeeppra

3、cticingyourspokenEnglish,youllsoonmakegreatprogress.阻止；阻碍keepsb/sthfromdoingsth其中介词from不能省略。Theheavyraindidntkeepthemfromwatchingthefootballmatch.保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使(某人或某物)保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。keep+sb/sth+介词。Ifyourhandsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.keep+sb/sth+形容词。Thesegloveswillkeepyourhandswarm.keep+sb/sth+

4、V-ing，“让某人/某物一直”，强调动作的持续性。ImsorryIvekeptyouwaiting.很抱歉，让你久等了。【短语】keepintouch(with)保持与.的联系keeparecord保持记录keepinmind牢记keeponesword遵守诺言keepaway(from)离开keepout(of)把.关在外面keepones/aneyeo密切注视keepup保持；使不能入睡【2013山东济南3】一CouldIyouriPad,Alice?Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.lendB.keepC.borrowD.return【2013贵州安顺2“Didyouborr

5、owthecomicbookfromthelibrary?”Yes.Iitforthreedays.fllreturnitthisafternoon.A.borrowedB.keptC.haveborrowedD.havekept【解析2】bringback(v+adv)使回想起：使回忆起()Ourexcellentserviceourguestsyearafteryear.A.bring;downB.bring;backC.bring;inD.bring;upYoucanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinnee你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。【解析】inneed

6、需要；需求【拓展】indanger在危险中introuble在困境中insilenee在沉默中ingoodhealth在好的健康状态中Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情4.BecauseIdohtreaditanymore.因为我不用再读了。【解析】nomore/notanymore/nolonger/notanylonger不再词语同义词用法noIongernotanyIonger强调时间或动作“不再延续”，与延续性动词连用nomorenotanymore强调数量和程度“不再增加”，与非延续性动词连用位置区另H:当修饰动词时，noIonger通常置于be或行

7、为动词前；nomore般置于行为动词后。not.anyIonger与not.anymore常置于句末。HecannoIongerwalk.=HecantwalkanyIongerThelittlegirlnomorecried.=Thelittlegirldidncryanymore.Eg:（）Itislate.Wecannotwaithim.A.anymoreB.nomoreC.MoreBecauseIvehaditsinceIwasababy因为自从我很小的时候我就有它了。【解析】since自从【辨析】since与for在现在完成时态中的用法：since其后接时间点或时态为般过去时的句子，

8、表示某事疋从什么时候开始的1vebeenasoldiersincetwoyearsagofor其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间1vebeenasoldierfortwoyears.【2011天津】MygrandmotheralotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.sees【2011贵州毕节】IA.makeB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseenmanynewfriendssinceIcamehereB.madeC.willmakeD.havemadeSincethefirst【2013上海】一haveyoubeeninthesportsc

9、lub?monthIcametotheschool.A.HowoldB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.HowsoonIhavesomething_torthekids我有一些孩子们的东西。【解析】for给；为了介词for用法归纳用法1:（表目的）为了Theywentoutforawalk.他们出去散步了。用法2：（表利益）为，为了WhatcanIdoforyou?你想要我什么？【2013上海4】Thechemicalsinthevegetablesandfruitarebadourhealth.A.fromB.withC.ofD.for【2013牡丹江2】一Whatdidyougetyo

10、urmotherMothersDay?Abeautifulcardandascarf.A.for;inB.for;onC.to;for【2013江苏盐城4】Itisreportedthatalotofadultstakelessonsonlinefurthereducation.A.afterB.toC.withD.For7.1vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。【解析】acoupleof几个；一些=afew后接可数名词复数acoupleof一对”，优指夫妻、情侣I，llbebackindays.几天）&Thestoriesinsid

11、emaybeabitold,buttheystillinteresting.里面的故事或许有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。【解析】abit稍微；有点儿abit/alittle辨析：abit和alittle在肯定句中，修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级，一点儿。Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使别人听得更清楚。alittle可以直接作定语修饰名词，abit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语，两者都只能修饰不可数名词Thereisalittle/abitoffoodleftforlunch

12、.午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.【解析】checkout查看；观察checkv检查【2013浙江宁波】Please检查）yourtestpaperbeforeyouhanditin.【2013安徽3】IwillmeetJaneatthestation.Pleasewhattimeshewillarrive.A.countB.chooseC.checkD.catch【2013天津】一Juliesaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?Oh

13、,really!Ihaventmymailboxyet.A.examinedB.reviewedC.testedD.CheckedMychildrenaregrowingupfas我的孩子们成长的很快。【解析】growup成长（常用于指人或动物）（）WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobeateacher.A.giveupB.putupC.getolderD.getyoungerSowevebeenclearingoutalotofthingsfromourbedroomforayardsale.所以，我们正从卧室里清理出许多东西来办一场庭院拍卖会。【解析】clearout清理；把清空cle

14、anup清理；使整洁Pleaseclearoutthecupboard.Wevedecidedtoeachsellfivethingswenolongeru我们已经决定每人卖出去五件我们不用的东西。【解析1】decidev决定-decisionn决定(1)decidetodosth=makeuponesmind决定做某事(2)makeadecision做决定Mymotherhasdecided(take)metoactinglessons.【四川南充】Theclassroomwassodirty.Idecided.A.cleanitupB.tocleanitupC.cleanupit【2013

15、河北中考2】ThechildrendecidetheirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned【解析2】nolonger=notanylong不再【在句中位置】noIonger位于助动词、情态动词或实意动词之后；not.anyIongernot常与助动词或情态动词连用，anyIonger位于句末。InoIongerliveinthiscity.=IdonliveinthiscityanyIonger.Forexample,hesownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourth

16、birthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.例如，从他四岁生日以来，就已经拥有了这列火车和铁轨的组合，大约七岁之前他几乎每周都要玩这个玩具。【解析】own拥有ownv拥有ownern物主ononesow单独地，独自地ofonesow某人自己的theownerof的所有者Whoisthe(own)ofthebike?Iwanttoseeitwith(I)owneyes.Andhedidntwanttolosethetoymonkeyheshadsincethen,并且他也不想失去自从他出生就拥有的那个玩具猴。【解析】

17、lose(lost,lost)失去Ihopewewontlosethecompetition.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshefeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys我女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。【解析1】partwith与分开；失去(尤指舍不得的东西)Theyweresorrytopartwiththeoldhouse.()Shefeltsadtopartwithherlovelydog.A.findB.lostC.loseD.found【解析2】certain某种；某事；某人(在句中只能做定语，常与

18、不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词)Acertainpersoncalledonmeyesterday.adj.确实的，无疑的becertainof对某事有把握Theyarecertainofsuccess.becertaintodosth肯定做某事Heiscertaintocome.becertain+that确信Imcertainthathellcome.()Heiscertaintoninety.A.liveB.ofliveC.toliveD.toliving.Asforme,Ididntwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihaven

19、tplayedforawhilenow.对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。【解析1】asfor至于；关于（后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语）Asforcomputer,Imnottellingyouanything.【解析2】tobehonest=totell(you)thetruth老实说；说实话【拓展】honestadj.诚实的(反)dishonestadj.不诚实的anhonestboy一个诚实的男孩【注】honest以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.Heisa(honest)boy.Wealldontlikehim.Sheisan(honest)

20、girl.Wealllikeher.Tomlikestotelllies,heis(honest)()Weshouldbehonesttoeveryone.Weshouldtitelllies.dishonestB.trueC.truthD.truthful【解析3】forawhile会儿Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.17.Whatwilltheydowiththemoneytheyraisefromthesale?他们要用卖东西筹集来的钱做什么？【解析】dowith处理；对付（某人或某物）dealwith处理与how连用dowith处理与what连

21、用dowith处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用Idontknowwhattodowiththeseletters.dealwith处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用Hetaughtmehowtodealwithpressure.【2011玉溪】Wecantdecidewhatwillhappeninourlife,butwecandecidehowwewillit.A.agreewithB.beginwithC.dealwithD.comeupwith()doyouyourbrokenwatch?Iamgoingtotakeittothewatchmakers.A

22、.How;dowithB.What;dealwithC.How;dealwithD.What;didwith重点短语thesedays目前;现在regardwithgreatinterest以极大的兴趣关注着inorderto为了sofar迄今;到现在为止inneed需要not.anymore不再welcometosp_欢迎来至U：checkout察看;观察boardgames棋类游戏onelastthing最后一样东西juniorhighschool初级中学clearout清理nolonger不再;不复toymonkey玩具猴partwith与分开tobehonest说实在的rideabik

23、e骑自行车haveayardsale进行庭院拍卖会onesoldthing某人的旧东西bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回忆giveaway捐赠playforawhile玩一会儿dowith.处置;处理searchforwork找工作forthelast13years在过去的13年里themid-20thcentury20世纪中期staythesame保持原状accordingto依据；按照inonesopinion想法看inmytime在我那个年代Excises翻译下列短语1.庭院出售2.棋类游戏3.观察4.不再5.说实在的6.使想起7.失去8.清理9.根据10.甜美的记

24、忆11.至少一年一次12.家乡情13.寻找14.在学校对面15.放弃16.的标志17.骑自行车18.儿里之豕二、词汇。A）根据所给中文完成下列句子。Weallrhimasanhonestfriend.Thebuildingissomec（世纪）old.Tomyerhelphim.Look!Shesstandingathetenchildren.Babyhasasskin.Theywillhameetingtodiscussthisproblemtomorrow.Canyouc(数数)numbers?YesterdayIboughtas(围巾)formymother.Tomisat(诚实的)bo

25、y.B)用所给单词的适当形式填空。Henever(go)tothescieneemuseum.youever(drink)coke?Therearemanytoy(bear)inmyhome.Hisbrothernevergaveup(try)tohelp.5cant(raise)afamilyonwhatIearn.Mymomshadabread(make)foralongtime.LasttermI(learn)manyEnglishwords.They(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.Themuseum(be)hereforover20years.10.lt

26、(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.三、单项选择。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答案填入题前的括号内。LiHonghasthearmyfor2years.joinedB.beinC.beeninD.joinedinTOC o 1-5 h zWehavebeenfriendssince.A.childrenB.fiveyearsC.fiveyearsagoD.fiveyearsbeforeMybestfriendNeilishonestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.aBanCtheD/Thosefore

27、ignfriendsleftGuangzhou.A.sincelastweekB.aweekagoC.foraweekD.sinceaweekagoIatthisschoolfortwoyears.A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudiedTheyinthecitysincelastsummer.A.liveB.didntliveC.havelivedD.liveMrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou1992.A.sinceB.fromC.afterD.inHisfatherforyears.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.di

28、edD.diesHehasacomputerofhisown.HeittwodaysagoA.hashadB.buysC.boughtD.hasboughtWhereisLiLei?HeShanghai.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.wenttoD.goestoThelibrarianbooksstudentsA.borrows;fromB.lends;toC.returns;toD.givesback;toIthisbookforaweekhavetoreturnitnow.A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.keptD.havekeptHeacoldfor

29、threedays.A.hascaughtB.hashadC.hasgotD.caughtMr.Johnconsideredtoseehisoldfriends.A.goB.wentC.goingD.gonemyopinion,itbesttomakesomecardsforourteachers.A.InB.OnC.OfD.At四、完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答案填入题前的括号内。TherearemanywordsintheEnglishIanguage.Youwillnever1themeaningofeverywordinEnglish.Wheny

30、ouread，youwilloftenfindmany_2youdonotknow.Youwillnothaveenoughtimeto3readingandtrytofindeverynewwordinadictionary.Sometimesyoucan4anewwordbecauseyouknowsomeofthepartsofthenewword.Forexample，ifawordends5theletters，“hafword_6bethenameofa7orathingthatdoesacertainactio（某个动作）.Awriterisapersonwhowrites.8i

31、tisnot9toknowthepartsofanewwordtounderstandit，10itwillhelpyoumanytimes.1.A.knowB.learnC.findD.lookup2.A.booksB.lettersC.storiesD.words3.A.stopB.enjoyC.keepD.start4.A.findB.getC.studyD.guess5.A.inB.offC.upD.with6.A.canB.mightC.shouldD.must7.A.friendB.boyC.personD.girl8.A.ThenB.NowC.YetD.Sometimes9.A.

32、helpfulB.usefulC.enoughD.good10.A.butB.andC.soD.for、阅读理解阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，填入题前的括号中。Candreamscometrue?JohnGodleybetmoneythathisdreamscouldcometrue.Overthecourseofhislife,Mr.Godleydreamedofhorseracesseveraltimes.Hedidnotknowmuchabouthorsesorwinningraces.Herememberedthesedreamsafterhewokeup,an

33、dheputwhatheknewtogooduse.ThefirsttimeMr.GodleydreamedofhorseswasonthenightofFriday,March8,1946.HedreamedthathewasreadingthenamesofthehorsesthatwonSaturdayraces.Thenextmorninghefoundthenamesofthehorsesfromhisdreaminthenewspaper.Thehorseswereracingthatday.Hebetonthehorsesandwon.Thesehorseracingdreams

34、cametoMr.Godleyoffandonforthenext12yearsofhislife.Between1946and1958,Mr.Godleyhadeightdreamsabouthorseswinningraces.Healwaysbetonhisdreams,andhealwayswon.Mr.Godleyneverknewwhythedreamsstartedorwhytheystopped.Washeluckyordidhehaveaspecialgift?Theworldmayneverknow.()51.HowoftendidJohnGodleydreamofhors

35、eracesinhislife?Everynight.B.Everyyear.C.Severaltimes.D.Everyweek.()52.Whatdidheseeinhisfirstdreamofhorses?A.Hesawthenewspaper.HesawthenamesofhorsesthatwonSaturdaysraces.Hesawhimselfwinningtheraces.Hesawnothing.()53.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedsentence?Thesedreamslastedfor12yearsandhapp

36、enedeveryyear.Thesedreamsstoppedsometimesandcontinuedagaininthese12years.Thesedreamshappenedveryofteninthe12years.Thesedreamsstoppedinthe12yearsandthenbeganagain.()54.Whatcausedhisdreamstostop?A.Hewastooold.B.Helostoneimportantrace.C.Hedidntknowwhy.D.TheGodtookawayhisgift.()55.Whatsthebtitieforthisp

37、assage?A.BetMoneyB.RacingHorsesC.WinningDreamsD.ASpecialMan六、完成句子。1.里边的故事可能有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。Thestoriesinsideold,buttheyillretetesting.2那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间？我买了三年了。haveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?Ivehaditforthreeyears.他不再住在这了。HedidntlivehereanyIonger.=Helivedhere.它在这附近至少二十年了Itsbeenaroundfor:你的儿子拥有那套轨道火车多长时间了？自他4岁生日起，他就拥有了他。Howlonghissonthetrainandrailwayse？Hesownedi.七.用所给词适当形式填空forget,bring,mend,beside,luck,pick,same,differently,I,every,stop,eachMr.Brownhadanumbrellashopinasmalltown.Peoplesometimeshimbrokenumbrellas,andthenhetookthemtoabigshopinLondon.Theywereth